NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE

SEMESTER 1, 2021/2022

MA2002 Calculus Tutorial 9 (26th October – 29th October)

T UTORIAL PART I

This part consists of relatively basic questions which cover the course materials. The solu-
tions to these questions will be recorded.

1. Use logarithmic differentiation to find the derivative of y with respect to x.

x 2 2x x
(a) y = p
3
, (b) y = x (x ) , x > 0.
sin 3x

2. Find the following limits.

ex
(a) lim (n ∈ Z+ ), (b) lim (e 2x + 2x)1/x ,
x→∞ x n x→0
¶ 2
tan x 1/x
µ
(c) lim x 1/x , (d) lim .
x→∞ x→0 x

3. (i) Show that the inverse hyperbolic sine function sinh−1 x is given by
p
sinh−1 x = ln(x + x 2 + 1), x ∈ R.

(ii) Verify that the derivative of sinh−1 x is given by

d 1
sinh−1 x = p , x ∈ R.
dx 1 + x2

4. Evaluate the following indefinite integrals.

dx x2
Z Z
(a) p , (b) p d x,
x2 x2 + 4 6x − x 2
ln x ³1´
Z Z
(c) d x, (d) tan−1 d x,
x2 x
Z Z p
(e) cos(ln x) d x, (f ) e x d x,

4(x + 1) sin θ
Z Z
(g) d x, (h) d θ,
x 2 (x 2 + 4) cos θ + cos θ − 2
2

1
Z
(i) 2002
d x.
x −x

1
 MA2002 CALCULUS TUTORIAL 9 2

T UTORIAL PART II

This part consists of relatively difficult questions to promote independent learning and in-
culcate critical thinking abilities. The solutions will not be recorded. You may attempt them
after you have gained a good understanding of the questions in Part I. The complete solution
of this part is provided.

1. (i) Show that e x ≥ 1 + x for all x ∈ R.

(ii) Using part (i), show that lim e x = ∞.

x→∞

(iii) Deduce from part (ii) that lim e x = 0.

x→−∞

2. Let a 1 , a 2 , . . . , a k be positive numbers such that a 1 a 2 · · · a k = 1. By considering the func-

tion f (x) = a 1x + · · · + a kx , prove that for any positive integers m and n, where m > n,
p
m
p p p
a1 + · · · + m ak ≤ n a1 + · · · + n ak .

3. Evaluate the integral

dx
Z
.
2 + sin x − 2 cos x

Answers to Part I:

x 2 2x
µ ¶ µ ¶
2 x (x x ) 2 1
1. (a) p
3
+ ln 2 − cot 3x , (b) x x (ln x) + ln x + .
sin 3x x x

2. (a) ∞, (b) e 4 , (c) 1, (d) e 1/3 .

p
4 + x2 27 ³x −3´ 9p xp
4. (a) − +C , (b) sin−1 − 6x − x 2 − 6x − x 2 +C ,
4x 2 3 2 2
ln x 1 ³1´ 1
(c) − − +C , (d) x tan−1 + ln(1 + x 2 ) +C ,
x x x 2
1 1 p p
(e) x sin(ln x) + x cos(ln x) +C , (f) 2e x ( x − 1) +C ,
2 2
1 1 1 ³x ´
(g) ln |x| − − ln(x 2 + 4) − tan−1 +C ,
x 2 2 2
1 1 1
(h) ln | cos θ + 2| − ln | cos θ − 1| +C , (i) ln |1 − x −2001 | +C .
3 3 2001