Tutorial Sheet

Modules 2 and 3
5
(1) Evaluate the following limits. Whenever necessary, use limit laws, rationalisation and
considerations about the speed in “going to infinity” of the functions involved. You do not
have to explicitly state which limit laws you are using.
ln x x sin x
(a) lim (b) lim 2
x→∞ log2 x + 1 x→∞ x + 1
x
2 +5 x
(c) lim x (d∗ ) lim (x2 + cos x)
x→∞ 4 + 32x x→−∞

xsin x x ln x
(e*) lim (f) lim
x→∞ 2x x→∞ 1 + ln(x2 )

(2) Use Standard limits for functions (see below) and the suggested substitutions to evaluate
the following limits. Sometimes, a bit of algebra may be also required to recast the limit
into one of the standard forms.
sin(tan x)
(a) lim y = tan x
x→0 tan x
 4
1 x

∗
(b ) lim 1 − 2 y = x2
x→∞ x
2 − 2 cos(ex − 1)
(c) lim y = ex − 1
x→0 e2x − 2ex + 1

(d∗ ) lim (sin x)sin 2x y = sin x. Note: sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x

x→0+
ln(1 + sinh x)
(e) lim y = sinh x. Note: sinh 2x = 2 sinh x cosh x
x→0 tanh 2x
√
ln(1 + 3 x) √
(f) lim √ y= 3
x
x→0+ x

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2 Tutorial Sheet 5. Modules 2 and 3

(3) Consider the following general terms of sequences an . Are the sequences increasing,
decreasing or indeterminate? When possible, find their limit for n → ∞.
√
(a) an = (−1)n n (b) an = n2 − 2 n
(c) an = ne−n (d∗ ) an = (−1)n + n
1
(e) an = n−n − (f) an = en − n!
n2

(4) Use the sandwich theorem for sequences to evaluate the following expressions:
cosh n sin(n2 + 1)
(a) lim (b) lim
n→∞ n! n→∞ 2n

(5) Evaluate the following limits, using algebra, limit laws and standard limits for sequences
whenever necessary (see below). You do not need to explicitly state which limit law you
are using.
1 n
 
ln(2n + 5)
(a) lim 1 − 2 (b) lim
n→∞ n n→∞ n2
3n! + e2n
 
3
(c) lim n ln 6 + (d) lim
n→∞ n n→∞ n! + 6n
√
2n
2 n
(e) lim sin(n ) − cos(3n) (f*) lim √
n→∞ n→∞ n 2n

Standard limits for functions

sin x 1 − cos x 1
SL. 1 lim =1 SL. 2 lim 2
=
x→0 x x→0 x 2
√
ex − 1 1+x−1 1
SL. 3 lim =1 SL. 4 lim =
x→0 x x→0 x 2
ln(1 + x)
SL. 5 lim =1 SL. 6 lim x loga x = 0, for a > 0
x→0 x x→0+
 α x
SL. 7 lim xx = 1 SL. 8 lim 1 + = e α for α ∈ R
x→0+ x→∞ x

Standard limits for sequences

1
SL. 1 lim rn = 0, for r satisfying |r| < 1 SL. 2 lim a n = 1 for any a > 0
n→∞ n→∞
1
 α n
SL. 3 lim n n = 1 SL. 4 lim 1 + = eα , for any α ∈ R
n→∞ n→∞ n
an loga n
SL. 5 lim = 0, for any a > 0. SL. 6 lim = 0, for any a > 0, if p > 0
n→∞ n! n→∞ np
np n!
SL. 7 lim n = 0, for any a > 1, if p > 0. SL. 8 lim n = 0.
n→∞ a n→∞ n