SCOPE OF INDUSTRY

understanding the significance of industry

considering the scope and magnitude of construction

and impact on society and economy

ancient masonry structures

archacological marvel
Egypt & the Pyramids
rising high above desert sand

visibles for miles end

temples made of marble and limestone
Greek Influence
started to organise and utilize small groups of skilled stonemasons

most significance invention is the early form of concrete

Roman concrete consist of pastry, hydrated lime and pozzolan ash mixture from rock

Roman Empire pozzolana is derived from promary deposits of valconic ash

Roman begin to add domes and arches to building

glass and road come from this empire

as Roman empire ended, decline in building activity and technology can be seen

Middle Ages stone construction become significant

carpenters and stonemasons are the most important building trades

a renewed interest in architecture, building and science took place

The Renaissance
more transformation and evolution of construction
Historical Perspective
have major influence on construction industry
theoretical concepts involving physics, mathematics, chemistry and thermodynamics
applied
The Industrial Revolution
engineering disciplines took major role
cast iron and wrought iron became building materials

new machinery and equipment invented

the production of steel and electricity became a factor that influence construction
industry
The Age of Skyscrapper steel framing replacing iron framing
portland cement and reinforced concrete invented

after WWll, demand for housing, industry and infrastructure were enermous

The 20th Century time, cost and quality become critical concerns
new issues such the environment, energy conservation, sustainability and workforce
diversity started to add complexity of building
technologies are impacting aspect of lives
The Age of Technology
GPS, computer-aided earth-moving systems and BIM allowed construction
managers to enter and interact with buildings in cyberspace
 addresses the housing needs of society

funded by private individuals or developers

individual homes are classified as single-family dwellings

multi-family dwellings are apartments, condominiums and townhouse

Residential Building many house plans available from catalogs and plan books

hammers, nails, drills and saws are the primary tools and equipment needed

Mean & Methods large production builders are big business

engaged in every aspect of home building

required the broadest scopeof knowledge

Characteristics
comprised of projects that improved the environment construction is only one facet home-building business

builds the conveyance systems, treatment plants and operation facilities

deals with landfill remidiation defined as a building, structural and improvements located on a parcel of commercial
real estate intended to generate profit
require a building or structure to house the specialized instrumentation
Mean & Methods building expenditures are greater than residential development
facilities need foundations, exterior cladding, windows, doors, roofing and finishes Environmental Construction
project time is longer
oftren comprised of a combination of commercial, industrial and heavy civil building
materials industrial
Primary Materials
special electronic equipment and controls are parts of the mix on the project retail
types of commercial properties
need to be familiar with law and regulations dealing with public health and office
environment Characteristics
multi-dwelling unit,MDU

Commercial Building concrete casting beds, cofferdams and slip forms are typical procedures
highly specialied and requires firms with vast resources, significant construction and
engineering expertise INDUSTRY SECTORS Mean & Methods cranes, pile drivers, welding equipment and concrete pumps are used

project type included are defined by the production activities commercial construction labour management is complicated

building shells does not need to be fancy for its intended purpose steel. concrete and glass are principal materials

the success of projwct is determined by how well the facility is able to perform Primary Materials interior partitions aremade of light gauge steels studs coated with drywall
relative to its production goals Mean & Methods
flat roofs are covered with bituminous membrane with gravel ballast
massive boilers, reactors and processors need to be installed under strict quality
standards
Industrial Construction funded by corporations, agencies or government

demand for project delivery to be as quick as possible has resulted in modifications

installation of equipment and process systems require technological savvy Characteristics
contractors rarely involved in sales or marketing or land acquisition components of
steel, concrete and reinforced masonry make up the primary components Primary Materials
project
special materials such as galss piping may be utilized

project may be under construction for 5 to 10 years known as horizontal construction

funding for project is provided by private sources Characteristics projects are difficult, high-dollar ventures that need speacilized technical knowledge
located in remote areas companies often substanial businesses with prospect both domestically and globally

contractors invest much on equipment

Mean & Methods the name of game in the industry is keeping the earth movers, excavators, scrappers
Heavy Civil Construction and trucks moving

principal materials utilized include asphalt, gravel, concrete, steel ad dirt

Primary Materials other huge construction such as bridges and dams make extensive use of concrete
and steel

often supported by government and endure a long period

Characteristics the segment of market is least influenced by economic changes

may provide a respectable level of employment security

 construction cannot be done without them

driving force behind the industry

need to develop the program

outlining the needs and requirements of the end users

Project developer / owner
determine the quantity

create the overall budget

provide funding for project

two types of owners which are public owner and private owner

architect deal with function life safety issue and aesthethic of building
two type of designer
engineer deal with system

Primary Players work together to complete the design function

assist the owner in developing the facility program

Designer
determined the end user needs and requirements

need to advice the owner regarding the image and character of facility

need to develop the final building plan

generally used to define the professional responsible for all activities

to interpret the plans and specifications

Construction Professional prepare cost estimation and time schedule to meet owner requirement

PROJECT PLAYERS need to determine and implement the best practice means and methods

need to oversee and manage all operation into single safe, coordinate effort

consists of subcontractors, suppliers and vendors

secondary players first level affect the project outcome

plays vital roles in construction

includes insurance companies, utility companies, bonding companies, building code

Secondary Players officials, zoning, labor unions and manufacturers
secondary players second level
hold great influence on project outcome

includes the courts and attorneys, local government, state and federal government
trade associations, education and training and bankers
secondary players third level
does not have direct link towards primary level players
 THE INDUSTRY IMAGE

one of most honourable professions

What is image of construction industry business to be full of principled, talented, passionate people

image is not always positive but the good parts are less communicated

the growth is due to technological advancements

technology
anyone on team have access to building designs and specs and monitor construction
progress via webcam from far away

in 1970, 80% world construction was in the US and the others are in overseas

globalization in 1997, the numbers are reversed

this is due to high annual revenue range of worldwide

the environment and the relationship between buildings and communities are
sustainability
important
Transition in Construciton Industry known as most wasteful and inefficient industry

efficiency Lean Construction Institute(LCI) develope number of processes and procedures

Last Planner System focus on stabilizing workflows

conscious effort being made to bring diversity to fore front of profession
diversity
today there is women and minorities being encouraged to join the profession

web is no longer passive place to surf, read, listen or watch without engaging

Facebook, Twitter and Linkedln are used to network together, participate in dialogue
collaboration
and collaborate professionally
the platforms provides simple environment with powerful tools

opportunities for construction managers are epected arising

construction managers can work for different organizations

on the private side are general contractors, construction managements firms,
architectural or engineering firms, developers, financial institutions and large
Career Opportunities corporations may hire construction managers
for public side are state and federal agencies, public schools and universities,
department of transportation and federal prison systems

advancement opportunities depends on individual performance, ability and size of the

company
 MALAYSIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
ORGANISATION

Pertubuhan Arkitek Malaysia (PAM) Master Builders Association Malaysia (MBAM)

to uphold and upgrade PAM image to be leader in the building industry the prime mover and recognized voice of the Malaysian construction industry

to promote and enlarge knowledge, study and practice of architecture to provide a synergy of services to members for the betterment of the construction
industry
to provide a central organisation for architecture
to address issues in the construction industry to facilitate members in achieving
to promote friendly interacction and discuss amongst architects global competitiveness

to empower members and expand marketing initiatives to protect the legimate interest of its members

to address current issues and challenge affecting the architectural practice and to seek represenattion on committees concerning the construction industry
profession
to promote and coordinate the development of the construction industry

to encourage and promote the practice of professionalism and harmonious working

The Institution of Engineers Malaysia (IEM) relationships

to be the premier learned engineering society championing the adoption of ethics and
professional best practices in all sectors of industry
Jabatan Kerja Raya (JKR)
to promote and advanced the Science and Profession of Engineering in any or all
disciplines and to facilitate the exchange of information and ideas related to their vision is to become the center of excellence for infrastructure development by
engineering using creativity and human capital innovation and cutting edge technology

promote sound professional engineering practice in support of the socio-economic helping customers to realize the basic information and deliver services through
development objectives of the nation cooperation as strategic partners

contribute towards nation building and strive to enhance society consciousnees of standardisation of processes and system to provide consistent outcomes
science and technology
provides asset management services and effective and innovative projects

Lembaga Pembangunan dan Industri Pembinaan

Malaysia (CIDB) Board of Engineer Malaysia (BEM)

to be a superior organization in achieving construction excellence in Malaysia an authoritative body of international standing that regulates engineering practise

regulate engineering services, conforming to professional ethics and international

regulate, develop and failitate the construction industry by applying professionalism in
best practices in ensuring public safety
producing productive, sustainable and quality building environment
conduct a Professional Assessment Examination(PAE) to assess the quality of
to promote and stimulate the development, improvement and expansion of the
experience gained by the engineering graduate
construction industry
promoting engineering profession through the Ingenieur and other printed materials
to develop, stimulate and undertake research on any matter relating to the
construction industry