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Technology and
Livelihood Education
Caregiving 9
Quarter 2 Week 4
Technology and Livelihood Education– Grade 9
Quarter 2 – Week 4 Activity Sheets
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Development Team of the Activity Sheet

Writer: Jhoanne A. Tampos
Editor:
Reviewer: Geonor C. Adolfo
Illustrator: Ryan R. Padillos
Layout Artist:Ryan R. Padillos
Management Team: Leilanie L. Tingzon (EPS EPP/TLE)
Christopher P. Felipe (EPS LRMDS)

Printed in the Philippines by Learning Resource Management Section

Department of Education – Davao del Sur

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E-mail Address: lrmds.davsur@deped.gov.ph

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Technology and
Livelihood Education
Caregiving 9
Quarter 2 Week 4
AActivity Sheets
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region XI
Division of Davao del Sur

Name: __________________________Date: __________

Grade: _____________________ Section: ___________
Learning Area: TLE 9 (Caregiving 9)

ACTIVITY 4.1 “MAINTAIN HIGH STANDARD OF PATIENT

SERVICES (MS) “
L.O 1: COMMUNICATE APPROPRIATELY WITH PATIENTS TLE_HECGMS9-12-IIA-10

What I Need to Do

In this activity, you will be able to:

o Discuss patient/s, communication, confidentiality, and privacy.

o Describe the characteristics of a patient/s.
o Value the importance of communication in caregiving.

Gearing Up

Read and carefully understand the information Sheet below.

Information Sheet 4.1

Being a home caregiver is a beginning opportunity to hone your skills in taking
care of sick person. Many home needs caregiver for patients who are ill, recovering
from illness, injured, or disabled. They need caregivers who possesses sufficient
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knowledge on the intricacies of home caregiving so that the patients can recover from
ailment easily.
The caregiver must know the patient being cared for. He or she must know what
patients likes and dislikes, strengths, weaknesses, and his or her wants and needs.
encourage him/her to make decisions about his/her own life and choose what and how
he/she wants things done. If the choices he/she makes may be dangerous, try to
negotiate possible safer solution.

Communicating Appropriately with Patient’s

Communication is an essential social process. People need to communicate to
express their anxieties, and their emotions, to know their wants, and to go on their
daily lives. As a caregiver, you should be sensitive to all the way in which patient may
try to communicate, whether these are verbal and non-verbal. In certain illness where
patient has difficulties in doing his/her own needs, little verbal communication is very
important, while non-verbal communication forms the basis for many observations.

Communication
 A process in which people affect one another through exchange of information,
ideas, and feelings.
 As a member of the health team, nurses need to communicate information
about clients accurately, timely, in an effective manner.
 The quality of client care greatly depends on the caregiver’s ability to
communicate with one another.

Modes of Communication
 Verbal Communication- uses spoken or written words.
 Nonverbal Communication- uses gesture, facial expression, posture/gait,
body movements, physical appearance (also body language), eye contact, tone
of voice.

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Characteristics of Communication
1. Simplicity- includes use of commonly understood words, brevity, and
completeness.
2. Clarity- involves saying exactly what is meant. Repeat the message as needed
and reduce destructions.
3. Timing and Relevance- require choice of appropriate time and consideration of
the client’s interest and concerns. Ask one question at a time. Wait for an
answer before making another comment.
4. Adaptability- involves adjustment what to say and how it is said depending on
the mood of the client.
5. Credibility- means worthiness of belief. To be become credible requires
adequate knowledge about the topic being discussed. The nurse/caregiver
should be able to provide accurate information, to convey confidence, and
certainly in what he/she says. Most importantly, he/she should be a good model
for what she teaches.

Identifying Effective Communication Skills and Techniques

 One of the main difficulties experienced by a caregiver is the uncertainty
on how to approach the patient whether his/her disability is physical or
emotional. He/ she can overcome this by obtaining the help of a doctor.
The caregiver must be sensitive to the needs of the patient and anticipate
his/her wants by giving him/her time and opportunity to express his/her
wants and feelings.
 There are patients who cannot talk because of stroke. Though their
hearing is not affected, they cannot tell what they want. Literally, the
patient should be taught how to speak again. This requires patience on
the part of the caregiver, and perseverance on the part of the patient. In
the early stage, picture cards from the magazines can be useful. When the

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 patient has a need that he/ she cannot express, show him/ her a selection
or pictures to point the thing he/she need or want.
 The blind person can talk and hear, but non-verbal communication is not
accessible. Blindness may result from injury, may be caused from
another disease or it may come as part of the aging process. Once the
person starts losing his/her sight, he/she must adapt to a new way of life.
His/her hearing and sense of touch must be developed, he/she may learn
Brielle and other new skills. Blind patients need special understanding
and support.
 The deaf patient’s inability to hear makes it hard for him/her to
communicate. Deafness is most common among elderly. Hearing fails
gradually, and the patient may become suspicious and feel that people are
talking to him/her. A hearing aid may help but it is not as useful as it may
seem because it magnifies all sound including background noise. A
specialist to teach lip reading and non-verbal signs may be of help. While
talking, never turn your back on a deaf person. Try and use the lower
tones of your voice range as these are more readily heard. Always
include the patient in your smile and gestures whenever possible.

Resolving Complaints and Conflicts

Most of the issues and challenges of a caregiver may be facing are
common to many families. The caregiver must learn as much as he/she can about
patient’s condition to give him/her a better idea of what care is needed and what to
prepare in the future. The patient’s is an important source of information.
1. The caregiver should be prepared when making a visit to the doctor. Bring a
prioritized list of concerns and questions. Time with a doctor is usually short.
Write down all the things and instructions the doctor will give. If you have
doubts about the diagnosis or recommended treatment, suggest a second
opinion.

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 2. When providing personal care to a patient, try to use the same routines he/she
is used to because everybody does these activities differently.
3. There are times that a patient complains and feel depressed because of the
limitations he/she encounters. The caregiver should encourage him/her to use
the skills he/she still has. Be a helper instead of doing the things for him/her.
You can divide the task into smaller steps and look for equipment or gadgets
that can add to the patient’s independence. Give praise for trying the task
especially when his/her abilities are limited and appreciate what he/she has
done.
4. Another complaint is how to spread the infection. The caregiver must always
be alert to the need for cleanliness to prevent infections, both for the caregiver
and the patient. A patient is at high risk because his/her immune system can be
weakened by his/her disease or condition. Most infections are spread through
direct contact with an infected person or encountering the thing an infected
person has touched or used. Observing simple infection control practices can
help control the spread of germs.
5.
The Needs of a Patient
To be able to give full attention and service, as well as commitment and love
for the job, the caregiver should first know all the basic needs of the patient.
These needs are:
1. Eat and drink adequately.
2. Keep the body clean.
3. Select and wear comfortable clothing.
4. Be in safe and secure environment.
5. Move and maintain a comfortable position.
6. Sleep and rest adequately.
7. Maintain normal body temperature.
8. Breathe normally.

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 9. Communicate with others; express emotions and needs.
10. Play and participate in some recreations.
11. Learn and satisfy curiosity that is part of normal development and health.
12. Have company.
13. Respect patient’s privacy.
14. Worship according to his or her belief and faith.
15. Engage in worthwhile activities that give a sense of accomplishment.
16. Provide continuous care to the patient.

Physical Needs
 Includes the need to eat and drink, rest and sleep, be safe in a stable
environment, and being able to breathe normally.
 In planning the daily routine of patient, the caregiver must consider all his/her
needs.
 If the patient must enter the hospital, he/she may find the place unfamiliar,
uncomfortable, and sometimes even hostile. In this kind of situation, the
caregiver needs to do as much as he/she can make the patient feel comfortable
and at ease.

Psychological Needs
 Include the need to be esteemed, valued, accepted, and recognized as an
individual, and the need for security and privacy.
 A caregiver should help to maintain patient’s self-esteem by encouraging as
much as independence as possible and by using a proper name and title.
 Take into consideration his/her age, background, physical and mental
condition, and your familiarity to him/her.
 Make sure that the patient has privacy whenever he/she needs it, especially
when you are attending to his/her personal needs, or when he/she wishes to talk
quietly with a priest, friend, or lawyer.

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  The caregiver must be alert to the feelings of insecurity of the patient
especially when his/her illness lasted for a long time and has severely
incapacitated. They usually experience fear, depression, and apprehension. Try
to make him/her feel that you really care about him/her as a person and listen
to what he/she is saying.

Social Needs
 A patient whether young or old needs companionship. Visitors can come and
visit the patient, but it can also tire the patient. The caregiver should assess the
condition of the patient to decide how much visiting is advisable and discuss
with the family.
 Radio and television can provide companionship. The set should be placed
where they can be seen easily, heard without difficulty, and switch off when
not required.
 The caregiver should make sure that he/ she is frequently available to respond
to the needs of the patient.

Spiritual Needs
 If the patient has religious beliefs, he/she should be respected.
 If he/she wants to talk to the minister, priest, or pastor, a visit should be
arranged. Make sure there is privacy during the visit and at any time the
patient would like to meditate or pray. If the patient has no religious belief,
assure him/her not to feel embarrassed or ashamed.
 If the caregiver’s religious belief is not the same as the patient’s belief, the
caregiver should not try and force his/her ideas upon the patient.

Concerns of the Caregiver for the Patient

1. Secure a safe, sanitary, comfortable, and peaceful environment.
2. Keeps the environment in good shape, giving attention to order, housekeeping

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 and proper waste disposal every day.
3. Guards constantly against infectious diseases and takes extra care in handling
the patient’s linens, utensils, and discharges through disinfection, sterilization,
and aseptic techniques.
4. Secures and takes care of needed supplies, equipment, and tools.
5. Protects the patient from possible dangers, and hazards through restraints and
safety measure.
6. Protects the patient’s interest and welfare and safeguard his/her possessions
like clothes and valuables.
7. Aids in lifting, moving, and carrying the patient when needed.

8. Attends to the patient’s psychological needs and helps him/her keep clean and
comfortable.
9. Helps build up the patient’s resistance and energy by assuring sleep, proper
food, adequate exercise, and leisure.
10. Conserve the patient’s strength by relieving pain and improving confidence
and sense of security.
11. Provides encouragement and companionship, and if needed, discipline and
control.
12. Observes patient’s condition and secures advice of physician.
13. Teaches and helps the patient to take care of him/herself for protection against
disease and improvement of physical and psychological health.

Applying Effective Listening Skills

A good caregiver should also be good in conversing with the patient, giving the
latter a chance to express out his/her feelings. Talking about experiences and other
interesting topics helps the patient fell that he/she has someone to talk to- a friend or
companion. The caregiver should avoid conversations about bad and unpleasant
experiences of the patient to avoid depression. Topics that are too exciting could

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overstimulate the patient that may lead to negative condition.
In conversing the patient, the caregiver should be more of s listener than a
talker. He/she should avoid interrupting and giving comments on what the patient is
saying. He/she should make the conversation as pleasant as possible but never let the
patient be tired due to long conversations. The caregiver should end it pleasantly and
make the patient feel rested and look forward for the next session.
Maintain Confidentiality and Privacy of Patients
There are patients and families who are very private. A family with a
mentally ill person wants to protect the patient by keeping his/her condition
confidential. Communicating with the mentally ill is not just a matter of establishing
contact with the patient, but also the difficulty of overcoming barriers within yourself.
People are often overanxious and even frightened of mental illness, and do not know
how to begin to help the patient with his/her difficulties. A good caregiver should
respect the wish of the family to keep the condition of the patient confidential.
Demonstrating Courtesy and Respect for Individual Differences
Everyone has the right to be treated with respect and dignity. This does not
change when the person become sick and disabled. Treat the patient with dignity.
Listen to his/her concerns. Involve him/her in many decisions as possible regarding
his/her condition and welfare.
A good caregiver should always respect the right of the patient to make
choices. Making choices give us a sense of control over our lives. Let the patient
decide for him/herself if it is safe for his/her condition. If the choice is not important,
try to ask why it is important. Explain your side in a very courteous way; listen to
his/her side. But do not try and force your side upon the patient.
Evaluating Own Work to Maintain High Standard of Patient Service
The recovery of the patient depends on different factors, especially the type
of relationship of both the caregiver and the patient. A good relationship brings a
speedy healing, that is why good personality should be looked for in a home
caregiver.

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Personality and Characteristic of a Caregiver
1. Attitudes such as cheerfulness bring out the best in the patient. It allows the
expression of feelings and encourages asking help from others. When one is ill,
it is difficult to accept being dependent on others. If the caregiver understands
the feelings and wants of the patient, he/she can give meaning to each behavior
and can help with sympathy.
2. The job of a caregiver requires a great amount of thoughtfulness, consideration,
and most importantly patience. A sick person is always temperamental, uneasy,
and difficult to please. He/she sometimes give orders in succession which can
irritate others. In this, case it is important to have a caregiver with good traits.

3. A good caregiver be dependable and reliable in giving medication. For the

caregiver to be effective in giving medicine, he/she should follow specific
instructions, correct dosage, and the prescribed time given by the doctor.
4. A good caregiver should be initiative to make life productive and interesting to
the patient. To make the patient busy and forget his/her aliment for a while,
he/she must provide activities such as relaxing games, readings, and movies or
TV shows. If possible, the caregiver should take the patient for stroll in the
garden, parks, or along the neighborhood for fresh air or small chat. These
activities are, however, subject for approval by the doctor.
5. A good caregiver should be good in conversing the patient, giving the latter a
chance to express his/her feelings. Talking about experiences and other
interesting topics help the patient feel that he/she has someone to talk to: a
friend or companion. The caregiver should be a listener than a talker. Never let
the patient be tired due to long conversations- end it pleasantly and make the
patient feel rested.
6. The caregiver should consider his/her physical hygiene. He/she should be
clean, neat, and tidy in every way, such as dressing in a simple manner but

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 being well-groomed and smelling fresh. This way, the patient would feel
secured that he/she is attended by a clean and well-organized caregiver.

Getting Better

After understanding the information sheet, you may now proceed to

activity below.

PICTURE PERFECT!
Procedures in doing the activity: Carefully observe the pictures below. Each of the
pictures has different types of patient. Using your answer sheet, write your observation by
answering the questions below.
1. How does communication affect the mood of the patient? (picture 1,2,3)
2. Based on your observation, did the caregiver is effective to her communication skill?
Why? And why not?

1.

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 2.

3.

Gaining Mastery

Now that you have completed the activity you should have developed
knowledge in MAINTAINING HIGH STANDARD OF PATIENT
SERVICES. You are now ready to face the next level to test your mastery of the lesson.

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ASSESSMENT:
A. FILL IN THE BLANKS.
Instruction: Carefully read the statement below. Fill in the blanks with the correct
answer. Choose your answers from the box below.

1. People need to _________to express their anxieties and emotions.

2. The caregiver must be _________to the needs of the patient.
3. There are patients who cannot talk because of a ____________.
4. The ________patient can talk and can hear.
5. ___________may result from injury or another disease or it may come as part
of aging process.
6. The _________patient’s inability to hear makes it hard for him/her to
communicate.
7. ________needs include the need to be esteemed, valued, accepted, and
recognized as an individual.
8. Radio and television can provide ___________to a patient.
9. The caregiver should not __________his/her ideas if his/her religious belief is
not the same as the patient’s beliefs.
10. The caregiver should secure a safe, sanitary, comfortable, and peaceful
________.
11. A good caregiver should _________the wish of the family to keep the
condition of the patient confidential.
12. Everyone has the right to be treated with respect and _________.
13. Making choices give us the sense of ________over our lives.
14. The job of a caregiver requires a great amount of thoughtfulness, consideration,
and most importantly ___________.
15. A caregiver should have ___________to make life productive and interesting
for the patient.

dignity control patience

initiative communicate respect
sensitive stroke blind
blindness deaf psychological
companionship try and force environment
caregiver

B. Explain

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 1. Why is communication important in a caregiver-patient relationship?
2. How can a caregiver help in the psychological needs of a patient?

What I Need to Remember

1. Being a home caregiver is a beginning opportunity to hone yourself in taking care

of sick person.
2. The caregiver must know very well the patient being cared for. He/she must know
his/her likes and dislikes, strength, and weaknesses, and his/her wants and needs.
3. Taking care of patient requires accurate and intelligent decision-making skills for
the caregiver.
4. A good caregiver should be good in conversing with the patient, giving the latter
the chance to express out his/her feelings. The caregiver should be more of a
listener than a talker.
5. The caregiver should always respect the right of the patient to make a choice.
Making choices gives us a sense of control over our lives.

Congratulations! You did a great job! Rest and relax a while moving on to the next activity.
Good luck!

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Writer: Jhoanne A. Tampos
School: Sta. Cruz National High School
Division: Davao del Sur

Answer key

Activity 1. Picture perfect. Answers may vary on the students understanding and observation.

ASSESSMENT!

A. Fill in the blank

1. Communicate 6. Deaf 11. Respect
2. Sensitive 7. Psychological 12. Dignity
3. Stroke 8. Companionship 13. Control
4. Blind 9. Try and force 14. Patience
5. Blindness 10. Environment 15. Initiative

B. Explain.
Answers may vary on the students understanding.

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Writer: Jhoanne A. Tampos
School: Sta. Cruz National High School
Division: Davao del Sur

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