eLearning

5G Overview

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eLearning

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© Ericsson AB 2020 | | 5G Overview eLearning | Figure 1-0 20
DISCLAIMER
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This book is a training document and contains simplifications. Therefore, it must

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not be considered as a specification of the system. The contents of this document

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are subject to revision without notice due to ongoing progress in methodology,

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design and manufacturing. Ericsson shall have no liability for any error or
damage of any kind resulting from the use of this document.
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This document is not intended to replace the technical documentation that was
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shipped with your system. Always refer to that technical documentation during
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operation and maintenance.

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© Ericsson AB 2020
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This document was produced by Ericsson AB.

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The book is to be used for training purposes only and it is strictly prohibited to
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copy, reproduce, disclose or distribute it in any manner without the express

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written consent from Ericsson.

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© Ericsson AB 2020 | 5G Overview eLearning 0

 eLearning

Objectives of eLearning

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After this eLearning, the participants will be able to:

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1. Give an overview of the 2020 vision for the Networked Society and 5G

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2. Describe the proposals, solutions and architecture of the 5G Radio Access Network

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3. Describe the proposals, solutions and architecture of the 5G Core network

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© Ericsson AB 2020 | | 5G Overview eLearning | Figure 1-1 20
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 eLearning

5G - One network for multiple use case and industries

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10-100x 1000x 5x 100x
End-user data rates Mobile data volumes Lower latency More devices

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Low cost 5x 3x
Device cost reduction NW energy efficiency Spectral efficiency

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Network slicing

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Enhanced Massive Broadband Critical Industrial Enterprise
MBB IoT IoT IoT Automation and

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20 IoT Industry

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 eLearning

Cellular Internet of Things

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Commercial – Growth Early pilots & standardization

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Massive Broadband Critical Industrial Automation

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IoT IoT IoT IoT

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One network – multiple use cases and industries

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1370

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Smart Fleet Traffic Safety Collaborative
VR/AR
Metering Management & Control robotics

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Advanced
Asset Drones/UAV Automotive Smart Grid Automation
management C-ITS Automation & Control

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Low cost devices, low energy High throughput Ultra reliability Industrial protocols

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Small data volumes Low latency Ultra low latency Time sensitive networks
Massive numbers Large data volume Very high availability Precise indoor positioning
NB-IoT/Cat-M1 (LTE and NR) LTE + NR NR NR
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© Ericsson AB 2020 | | 5G Overview eLearning | Figure 1-3
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 eLearning

Study on scenarios and requirements for next

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generation mobile access

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The families of usage scenarios for IMT for 2020 and beyond include:

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eMBB (enhanced Mobile Broadband)

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mMTC (massive Machine Type Communications)

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URLLC (Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency
Communications)

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http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/specs/archive/38_series/38.913/

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© Ericsson AB 2020 | | 5G Overview eLearning | Figure 1-4
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 eLearning

In 2025 there will be 2.8 billion 5G

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subscriptions

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190m

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190 million 5G

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subscriptions expected end
of 2020.

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>75

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More than 75 service

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providers around the world
have switched on 5G.

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0

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© Ericsson AB 2020 | | 5G Overview eLearning | Figure 1-5 20
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WCDMA: Wideband Code Division Multiple Access

HSPA: High Speed Packet Access
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GSM: Global System for Mobile Communications

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EDGE: Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution

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TD-SCDMA: Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access

CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access
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 eLearning

74 percent of mobile subscriptions in North

America for 5G in 2025

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© Ericsson AB 2020 | | 5G Overview eLearning | Figure 1-6 20
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 eLearning

5G networks forecast to carry nearly half of the

world’s mobile data traffic in 2025

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164EB

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Total traffic predicted

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to reach 160 exabytes
per month in 2025.

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© Ericsson AB 2020 | | 5G Overview eLearning | Figure 1-7 20
Click to add notes
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5G Data Rates

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– More than 10 Gbps in specific
scenarios

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5G ? – More than 100 Mbps

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generally available

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IMT / LTE-
Advanced 1 Gbps in urban/suburban scenarios

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– Tens of Mbps essentially

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4G 300 Mbps
everywhere

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HSPA 84 Mbps

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3G 2 Mbps
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High Speed Packet Access (HSPA)

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Long-Term Evolution ( LTE )

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International Mobile Telecommunications ( IMT )

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Traffic capacity factors

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Claude Shannon (1916-2001)

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𝑆
𝐶 = 𝐵 ⋅ log 1+

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𝑁

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• Network densification

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• More spectrum

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• Enhanced technology

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Traffic capacity
[Mbps/km2] 20
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B - Bandwidth
© Ericsson AB 2020 | | 5G Overview eLearning | Figure 1-9 S/N - Signal to noise and interference ratio
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 eLearning

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What is 5G?

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— In general terms 5G is the new use cases (or refreshed old ones) that can be carried over any suitable

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network.

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— Radio access options: LTE, NR

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— Core network options: EPC, NGCN

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— NR: “5G New Radio” / “NR Radio Access” / “Next Generation Radio”

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— NGCN: “Next Generation Core Network” a.k.a. “5GC”: 5G Core Network

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Non-standalone NR and Standalone NR

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SA

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NSA Data
Ctrl
(RAN split 5G Enabled Core 5G Core

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LTE anchor)
(vEPC) (NGCN)

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RAN RAN

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Control Data Control
Data over

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plane over switch/agg plane over
NR*
LTE . LTE/NR NR*

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Tight interworking with LTE “Independent” overlay

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Evolved CN Totally new CN architecture
 Fastest TTM  Highest performance potential

20 * Data over LTE supported

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© Ericsson AB 2020 | | 5G Overview eLearning | Figure 1-11
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Evolved Packet Core (EPC)

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NGCN ( Next- Generation core network)

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Time to market (TTM)

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Radio access network (RAN)

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Architecture of RAN

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Distributed Centralized Elastic RAN Virtualized

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RAN RAN RAN
Colocation of Optimal Introducing split

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Improved interworking coordination across
between sites and resources and architecture for full
maximum the network for flexibility on the road
layers D-RAN and C-RAN

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performance in traffic to 5G
hotspots

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Coordination
Maximized spectrum efficiency and end-user experience

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© Ericsson AB 2020 | | 5G Overview eLearning | Figure 1-12
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NR Technology Areas
-Flexible and Scalable Design

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Extension to higher frequencies Flexible and scalable design
4G
5G

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Spectrum
1 3 10 30 100

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GHz GHz GHz GHz GHz
Deployment Use cases
Ultra-Lean

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Design

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Access/backhaul
integration

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System plane Machine-type
communication
Massive multi-antenna System control
transmission

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Multi-site
connectivity
Data

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Flexible
PHY Integrated D2D

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© Ericsson AB 2020 | | 5G Overview eLearning | Figure 1-13 20
D2D – Device to Device
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NR Physical Layer

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User #2 scheduled
Δf=15, 30, 60, 120 kHz
User #1 scheduled

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User #3
• Adaptive OFDM and OFDMA scheduled

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• More Flexible

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frequency y kHz
• Flexible numerology

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• Multi-Antennas,

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• Massive MIMO RX

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• Flexible bandwidth …

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5 10 15 20 MHz ~100 MHz

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• Harmonized FDD and TDD concept
• Dynamic TDD FDD-only Half-duplex FDD TDD-only DynamicTDD

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fDL fDL fDL/UL
fUL fUL

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© Ericsson AB 2020 | | 5G Overview eLearning | Figure 1-14 20
Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)
Orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA)
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Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)

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Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)

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Time Division Duplex (TDD)

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 eLearning

Ericsson 5G Plug-ins

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Software innovations applying 5G technology

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concepts

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4G Mobile IoT

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Indoor
Broadband Fixed

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Wireless

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Access
VoLTE Public
Safety

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MASSIVE MIMO

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MULTI-USER MIMO

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RAN VIRTUALIZATION

LATENCY REDUCTION

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INTELLIGENT
CONNECTIVITY
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© Ericsson AB 2020 | | 5G Overview eLearning | Figure 1-15
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Volte – Voice over lte

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Intelligent Connectivity Plug-in

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Data Anchored within Data Anchored within

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LTE Common 4G/5G PDCP Benefits

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Local Packet Data Common Packet Data
Convergence Protocol

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Convergence Protocol

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access to
new spectrum
UE data

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PDCP

UE data

UE data
faster data

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throughput
L3 L3

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L2 L2 L2 L2
L1 L1 L1 L1

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PDCP -Packet Data Convergence Protocol

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 eLearning

Ericsson spectrum sharing

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2019

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Ericsson Spectrum sharing/Instant Sharing

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• Ericsson Spectrum Sharing is a unique and market-disruptive solution
LTE

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• It re-uses hardware/spectrum/sites

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• Ericsson Spectrum Sharing can be activated remotely through NR
A software update

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1ms

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Unique scheduler to Increase the value of
Nationwide 5G coverage Enabler for faster
dynamically share mid/high-band spectrum
– with minimum impact migration to Stand-alone
spectrum between 5G - increase coverage and

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to LTE performance NR RAN architecture
and 4G capacity
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5G RAN-CN Architecture Options

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Two Architecture tracks in 3GPP Rel-15

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3GPP released 3GPP released
5G EPC 5GC

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Q4 17 Q2 18

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S1-based N2/N3 (new interface)

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Option 1 Option 3 Option 5 Option 2

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Option 4
Option 7

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LTE NR LTE NR

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LTE/EPC LTE/EPC LTE/EPC
NR/EPC
20 NR/EPC
LTE/5GC
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NR/5GC
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Operator migrations to 5G

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5G EPC Alternative 1

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Alternative 2

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5G EPC 5G Core
Today:

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LTE/EPC Alternative 3
5G Core

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LTE/EPC evolution LTE as base access

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2018+ 2020+

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20
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5G Core compared to EPC

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EPC today

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S
S D S S S
D
S
D S

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S1-MME MME S6a HSS PCRF NRF
AUSF UDM PCF

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S11 Gx
S
D S
Nnrf

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S S NausfHSS/ Nudm PCRF Npcf
G G AAA

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S1-U SGW S5 PGW SGi
Nnssf Namf Nsmf

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After CUPS S S S
S S
S
NSSF AMF SMF

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D
S1-MME MME S6a HSS PCRF S S S S

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MME MME SGW PGW
S11 Gx CP CP

S S Mapping EPC

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N4
SGW
CP
PGW
CP
functions to 5GC
functions G
G
SGW
G
PGW
20 G G
UPF
20
S1-U SGi
UP UP
PGW SGW
© Ericsson AB 2020 | | 5G Overview eLearning | Figure 1-20 UP UP
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Mobility Management Entity (MME)

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Home Subscriber Server (HSS)

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Serving Gateway (SGW)

PDN gateway (PGW)
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Policy and charging rules function (PCRF)

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Authentication Server Function (AUSF)

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Unified Data Management (UDM)

Policy Control Function (PCF)
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Access and Mobility Management function (AMF)

Session Management function (SMF)
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User plane function (UPF)

NF Repository function (NRF)
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Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF)

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Network Slicing

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S G S D M

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MME SGW PCRF HSS OSS
PGW

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Mission Critical
MTC

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S G D M
MME SGW HSS OSS
PGW

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Massive MTC

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G G S S D M
SGW PDN MME PCRF HSS OSS

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GW

Enhanced

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Broadband

Radio Base Station Site Aggregation Access 20

Aggregation Local Switching Primary
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One Device – Multiple Slices

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5G
Uplink: Video stream Network
- High throughput Control

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- Best effort

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5G Data
Control

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5G
Base

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5G Data
Station Video Surveillance Center

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5G Data
Control Robot

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Balance
Uplink: Sensor data Server
5G Data

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Downlink: Control info
- Low latency
- High reliability

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Centralized Data Center

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Summary of eLearning

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The participants should now be able to:

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1. Give an overview of the 2020 vision for the Networked Society and 5G

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2. Describe the proposals, solutions and architecture of the 5G Radio Access Network

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3. Describe the proposals, solutions and architecture of the 5G Core network

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© Ericsson AB 2020 | | 5G Overview eLearning | Figure 1-23
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