Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies,

Online ISSN 2278-8808, SJIF 2021 = 7.380, www.srjis.com

PEER REVIEWED & REFEREED JOURNAL, NOV-DEC, 2022, VOL- 10/74
o`)tuksa dh euks&lkekftd leL;k;sa ¼orZeku ifjn`’;½

lgnso flag1 ,oa uhrw2] Ph. D.

1¼’kks/k Nk=½ ukjk;.k dkWyst f’kdksgkckn ¼lEc)& MkW Hkhejko v0 fo0
fo0 vkxjk½
2,slksfk,V izks0 lekt’kkL= ukjk;.k dkWyst f’kdksgkckn¼lEc)& MkW Hkhejko

v0 fo0fo0 vkxjk½

Paper Received On: 25 DECEMBER 2022

Peer Reviewed On: 31 DECEMBER 2022
Published On: 01 JANUARY 2023

Abstract

o`)koLFkk ekuo thou ,d xEHkhj] tfVy ,oa lkoZHkkSfed leL;k gSA rhoz ifjorZuksa
ds orZeku nkSj esa ifjokj dh lajpuk ,oa izdk;ksZ esa gks jgs ifjorZuksa ds QyLo:i
ifjokj vukFkksa] fo/kokvksa] fo/kqjksa rFkk o`)ksa dh lgk;rk ,oa lqj{kk nsus dk dk;Z iwoZ
dh Hkk¡fr ugha dj ik jgk gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd vkt o`)ksa vkSj ifjokj ds chp lQy
lek;kstu ugha gks ik jgk gS vkSj o`)ksa dk ikfjokfjd thou leL;kxzLr gks jgk gSA
vkt dh nqfu;k¡ esa o`)ksa dks Qkyrw oLrq le>us dh izo`fRr c<rh gh tk jgh gS]
blfy, o`) yksx o`)koLFkk ls ?kcjkus yxs gSaA oSfnd dky esa pkj vkJeksa esa euq”;
dh vk;q dks foHkDr fd;k x;k FkkA izFke czãp;Z vkJe esa 25 o”kZ] f}rh; x`gLFk
vkJe 25 ls 50 o”kZ r`rh; okuizLFk vkJe 50 ls 75 o”kZ rFkk prqFkZ lU;kl
vkJe 75 ls 100 o”kZ rdA bl izdkj euq”; dh mez 100 o”kZ ekuh tkrh Fkh]
bl dky esa euq”; r`rh; ,oa prqFkZ vkJe esa ofj”Brk dks izkIr djrk Fkk o`) O;fDr
lekt dks vius vuqHkoksa] lq>koksa ,oa fopkjksa ls ifjiw.kZ dj ldrk gSA muds laLdkj]
lnkpkj rFkk izR;sd dk;Z ldkjkRed o ‘kkfUrfiz; ekus tkrs FksA lekt esa o`)ksa dks
tks eku& lEeku vkSj izfLFkfr izkIr Fkh] vc oks /khjs&/khjs [kRe gksus yxh gSA ,dy
ifjokj dh c<rh izkFkfedrk ls ikfjokfjd nk;js esa cqtqxZ /khjs&/khjs misf{kr gksrs tk jgs
gSaSA mudh lq[k&lqfo/kkvksa dk [k;ky j[kuk rks nwj dh ckr gS] yksxksa ds fy, os Hkkj
yxus yxs gSaA bldk ,d eq[; dkj.k] orZekku ih<+h dh eksckby Qksu ij c<+rh gqbZ
fuHkZjrk Hkh gSA orZekku esa o`)tuksa ls lykg ysus ds LFkku ij] xwxy ij lek/kku
<Wwa<+us dh izo`fRr esa o`f) gqbZ gSA
‘kCnkoyh % o`)koLFkk] o`)kJe] izfLFkfr] eukslkekftd

Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com

izjpuk% izLrqr v/;;u dks lEikfnr djus ds fy, v/;;u leL;k dh

izd`fr] v/;;u ds egRo ,oa mn~ns’;ksa ds vuq:i ^^fo’ys”k.kRed**
¼Analytical½ ‘kks/k izjpuk dks pquk x;k gS( D;ksafd bl ‘kks/k izjpuk dk

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ekSfyd mn~ns’; v/;;u leL;k ls lEcfU/kr izkIr ekSfyd tkudkjh rFkk

izkFkfed o f}rh;d vkadM+ksa ds vk/kkj ij ‘kks/k v/;;u dk rkfdZd
fo’ys”k.k djuk gSA
fo’ys”k.k ,oa fu”d”kZ%
rkfydk 1 % o`)tuksa dh euks&lkekftd leL;k;sa
lEcfU/kr iz’u tks tkudkjh o`)tuksa dh LohdkjksfDr;k¡@vfHker
;ksx
Øe izkIr djus ds fy, o`)tuksa ¼vko`fRr;k¡@izfr’kr½
¼izfr’kr½
ls fd, x, gk¡ ugha mnklhu vuqRrfjr
1 D;k o`) gks tkus ij vkidh 120 162 18 -- 300
vknrksa esa dksbZ vUrj vk;k (40.00) (54.00) (06.00) (00.00) (100.00)
gS\
2 D;k vki bl voLFkk esa 168 69 54 09 300
[kku&iku ds lEcU/k esa (56.00) (23.00) (18.00) (03.00) (100.00)
leL;k dh vuqHkwfr djrs
gSa\
3 D;k vki vius nSfud thou 183 45 69 03 300
esa vuq’kklu lEcU/kh (61.00) (15.00) (23.00) (01.00) (100.00)
leL;k dh vuqHkwfr djrs
gSa\
4 D;k vki lkeatL; LFkkfir 243 -- 57 -- 300
djus esa dfBukbZ dk vuqHko (81.00) (00.00) (19.00) (00.00) (100.00)
djrs gSa\
5 D;k vki dHkh laosxkRed 150 60 78 06 300
Hkkoukvksa ds f’kdkj rks ugha (50.00) (22.00) (26.00) (02.00) (100.00)
gks tkrs\
6 D;k vkids vkRe lEeku -- 288 12 -- 300
lEcU/kh lksp esa dksbZ QdZ (00.00) (96.00) (04.00) (00.00) (100.00)
rks ugha vk;k gS\
¼uksV& dks”Bdksa ds vUrxZr iznf’kZr vkWadM+s izfr’krrk n’kkZrs gSa½
izLrqr rkfydk ds vUrxZr fHkUu igyqvksa ds lUnHkZ esa izkIr izkFkfed
vkWadM+ksa ds fo’ys”k.k ls Li”V gksrk gS fd&
¼1½ 40 izfr’kr o`) lwpuknkrkvksa us ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd o`) gks
tkus ij mudh iqjkuh vknrksa esa vUrj@ifjorZu gks x;k gS tcfd
o;kso`)@fjVk;j gks x, gSa blfy, os lkoZtfud thou esa euks&
lkekftd leL;kvksa dh vuqHkwfr;kWa djrs gSaA
¼2½ 56 izfr’kr o`) lwpuknkrkvksa us ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd os bl
voLFkk esa [kku&iku le; ij u fey ikus lEcU/kh leL;kvksa dh
vuqHkwfr djrs gSaA
Copyright © 2022, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies
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¼3½ 61 izfr’kr o`) lwpuknkrkvksa us ;g LohdkjksfDr;kWa dh gSa fd os

vius nSfud thou esa vuq’kklu lEcU/kh leL;k dh vuqHkwfr;kWa
djrs gSa D;ksafd ifjtu u rks mudh ckr gh ekurs gSa vkSj u
vuq’kklu esa gh jgrs gSa( vkSj u gh muds thou ds vuqHkoksa dk gh
ykHk gh ysuk pkgrs gSaA
¼4½ 81 izfr’kr o`) lwpuknkrk ifjokj rFkk leqnk; ds O;fDr;ksa ds
lkFk lkeatL; LFkkfir djus esa fofHkUu izdkj dh dfBukbZ;ksa dk
vuqHko djrs gSa D;ksafd os iqjkus fopkjksa ds gSaA
¼5½ 50 izfr’kr o`) lwpuknkrkvksa us ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd os
dHkh&dHkh ifjtuksa rFkk leqnk; ds yksxksa ds lkFk laosxkRed
Hkkoukvksa ds f’kdkj gks tkrs gSa] ysfdu o`) gks tkus dh ctg ls
fQj Hkh la;e o /kS;Z cjrrs gSaA
¼6½ 96 izfr’kr o`) lwpuknkrkvksa us ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd muds
vkRe lEeku lEcU/kh lksp esa cnyko vk;k gS( ,slh vuqHkwfr;kWa os
djrs gSa fd yksx mudk mruk lEeku ugha djrs ftruk fd mUgsa
djuk pkfg,A bl rF; dh iqf”V flag Hkkjr4 ¼2009½ ds 250
xzkeh.k o;kso`) lwpuknkrkvksa ij vk/kkfjr vkuqHkfod v/;;u ls Hkh
gksrh gSA
mijksDr vkuqHkfod rF;ksa ds fo’ys”k.k ds izdk’k esa Li”V gS fd
orZeku ifjos’k esa o`)tu ¼iq:”k o efgyk,a½ fofHkUu izdkj dh vusdksa
leL;kvksa ¼lkekftd] vkfFkZd] ekufld] euksoSKkfud rFkk ‘kkjhfjd%
fpfdRlk o LokLF; lEcU/kh vkfn½ ls xzflr gSaA dbZ o;kso`)ksa us rks ?kj
ifjokj NksM+dj o`)kJeksa esa tkdj ‘kj.k ysus dh ea’kk Hkh O;Dr dh gSa tks
,d vR;Ur nq[kn igyw gSA
izkIr fu”d”kZ bl izdkj gSa&
¼1½ vk/kqfud ifjorZuksa ds dkj.k o`)tuksa esa ifjokj ds lkFk lkeatL;
djus dk furkUr vHkko ik;k tkrk gSA
¼2½ o`)tuksa dks ifjtu Hkkj le>dj muds lkFk mis{kkiw.kZ O;ogkj djrs
gSa rFkk muls NqVdkjk ikuk pkgrs gSaSA

Copyright © 2022, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

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¼3½ o`)koLFkk esa fpMfp<kiu] vkyL;] ,dkUr fiz;rk rFkk fujk’kk vk

tkrh gSSA
¼4½ euq”; esa o`)koLFkk esa ‘kkjhfjd rFkk ekufld ifjorZu gksus ls
muds eu esa fpUrk dk izdze ‘kq: gks tkrk gSA
¼5½ ifjtu( vius o`)tuksa ds yEcs vuqHkoksa dk ykHk ysuk ugha pkgrs
gaSA
¼6½ vf/kd mez ds o`)tu lkekftd thou esa ncko ,oa Lo;a dks
misf{kr vuqHko djrs gSaSA
¼7½ vk/kqfud HkkSfrdrkoknh laLd`fr rFkk rsth ds lkFk cnyrk lkekftd
i;kZoj.k o`)tuksa ds fy, leL;k,a mRiUu dj jgs gSaSA
¼8½ c<rh gqbZ lapkj dzkfUr ,oa lkekftd xfr’khyrk( o`)tuksa dh mis{kk
ds fy, ,d izHkkoh dkjd gSSA vk/kqfud ifjorZuksa ds dkj.k o`)tuksa
esa ifjokj ds lkFk lkeatL; djus dk furkUr vHkko ik;k tkrk gSSA
lanHkZ%
feJk ds- ,l-( C;ogkfjd lekt’kkL= % leL;k,a ,oa lkekftd fo/kku] izdk’ku
dsUnz y[kuÅ ¼m-iz-½ 2010] i`”B&132
yokfu;ka ,l-,e-( Hkkjrh; lkekftd leL;k,a] d`”.kk cqd LVksj izdk’ku
f’kdksgkckn ¼mRrj izns’k½ 2007 i`”B&203
lkjLor jes’k ih-( Hkkjrh; lkekftd C;oLFkk( HknkSfj;k ifCydslUl ,.M cqd
lsUVj ¼izk-fy-½ bVkok ¼m-iz-½] 2013] i`”B&157
j;wVj ,e-vkj- ,.M gVZ ih-vkj-( ,su bUVªksMD’ku Vw lksfl;ksykWth] eSd xzks fgy
cqd dEiuh dksxkdq’kk] U;w;kdZ] 2000] i`”B&320
feJk ih-ds-( ekuo lekt dh :ijs[kk] fodkl ifCydslUl] tokgj uxj] ubZ
fnYyh] 2009] i`”B&37
JhokLro gj izdk’k( Jfedksa esa lkekftd&C;kolkf;d xfr’khyrk ds fofo/k
vk;ke] LVjfyax izdk’ku ¼izk-fy-½ ubZ fnYyh] 2010&91] i`”B&13
vxzoky Hkjr( Hkkjrh; lekt % vrhr ls orZeku rd] eueksgu nkl iqLrd
efUnj ¼izk-fy-½ Hkjriqj ¼jktLFkku½] la’kksf/kr laLdj.k] 2011] i`”B&103
lR;sUnz ds- ,.M HkVukxj ih-ds- ( fjlpZ fMtk;u bu lksly lkbUlst % lksly
df.MlUl ,.M izkWcyEl ( txUukFk ifCyllZ ¼izk-fy-½ njHkaxk ¼fcgkj½
f}rh; laLdj.k] 2012] i`”B&89
flUgk ,-ds-( , LVMh vkQ n :jy dYpj] bf.M;u tuZy vkQ :jy
lksfl;ksykWth] okY;we&29 vad&43] fnlEcj 2014] i`”B&43

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