ELC550

ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC WRITING

PREPARED BY:
GROUP 3 SAMA5A
NO. NAME STUDENT ID
1. NIN BIN JUNID 2016440386
2. MOHD SAID B SALLEH 2019898898
3. FIONA HABIRIN 2016269404
4. SITI ATHIRAH SAIDIN 2019523177

PREPARED FOR:
MADAM JENNY MOSIKON
TITLE: HOW COVID-19 PANDEMIC CHANGES THE TRAVEL AND TOURISM

THESIS STATEMENT: THERE ARE THINGS THAT HAVE CHANGED IN

TRAVEL AND TOURISM AFTER COVID-19.

Main point 1 : People choose to travel to the short distance instead of long-distance

Supporting detail:
i. increase in short trips between bubble countries as tourists and travellers
seek to maximize available travel opportunities. These may replace long-
haul trips for some at least during 2022– 2023

(Asian Development Bank and World Tourism Organization, 2022, p. 48).

ii. Short- term impacts on disposable income may lead to preferences for less
expensive trips.

(ADB & UWTO, 2022, p. xviii).

iii. long- term viability of destinations

(ADB & UWTO, 2022, p. xxi).

iv. short- distance travel to locations within 1 to 2 hours’ drive of major cities

(ADB & UWTO, 2022, p. 26).

Main Point 2: Technology is growing faster in tourism and travel

Supporting detail:
i. Advances technologies are also increasing

(ADB & UNWTO, 2022, p. 43).

ii. To minimize contact with individuals, a lot of technological innovations
have been introduced.

(ADB & UNWTO, 2022, p. xvii).

iii. Digital technologies, particularly for contactless check- in processes, dining,
visiting attractions, digital payments, and vaccination passports will become
standard practice in the medium term and facilitate seamless travel.

(ADB & UNWTO, 2022, p. 50).

iv. Some began offering outdoor activities to domestic tourists and others
established digital tours or online experiences
(ADB & UNWTO, 2022, p.xiii).

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Main Point 3: The Introduction of Digital Health Passport
Supporting Detail:
i. health passport system was developed with the aims to provide travellers
with a digital record of the full testing and vaccination history, allowing for
a smoother, more pleasant, and quarantine-free experience when travelling
amidst this COVID-19 pandemic

(Chiang, 2021).
ii. the release of the Vaccine Certificate Verifier app, along with the updated
digital health certificates, is a response to bad actors producing and selling
fake certificates in the country. American-Israeli cybersecurity software
firm Check Point conducted research into the black market for fake digital
vaccine certificates.

(Ang, 2021).
iii. The Malaysian government has introduced a new mobile app that checks the
authenticity of digital health certificates.

(Ang, 2021).
iv. The Immunitee Health Passport provides a clear system containing personal
immunisation records as well as vaccine data, helping to verify the
authenticity of COVID-19 tests and vaccines. (Chiang, 2021).

Main Point 4 : Introduced Touchless Travel to travellers

Supporting Detail:
i. the use of touchless travel such as biometrics, contactless check-in makes it
easier for travellers to queues. (Burt, 2022).
ii. AirAsia biometric app to enable touchless airport processes. AirAsia will
introduce contactless check-ins for passengers through its biometric Super
App in the first quarter of 2022, reports The Philippine Star, citing an
interview with One News Agenda. (Burt, 2022).

iii. An acquisition by Clear, a super app service developed with Vision-Box,

and the growth of HID Global’s airport IAM platform all seem to indicate a
future for airport experiences with less waiting around, though perhaps not
for those unwilling to keep their masks on. (Burt, 2022).

iv. Clear acquisition signals next steps. Clear has acquired Argentinian virtual
line-up and appointments provider Whyline to help air passengers reduce
their queueing times and expand its biometric identity check business.
(Burt, 2022).

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Main point 5: Changes in the Transportation Industry in Travel and Tourism
Supporting Detail:
i. Changes in the cruise industry are expected. In accordance with the
redefined tourists’ requirements, the average length of cruise is most likely
to decrease in the future along with the number of passengers

(Luković & Stojković, 2020, p. 84)

ii. Before the pandemic, all mode of transport has no restriction in the number
of passengers and there is no drastic increase in price tickets.

(Luković & Stojković, 2020, p.84), because of the pandemic the

international airlines have been reduced due to numerous restrictions
imposed by the Government and the increase in the international flight
from the normal price due to the increase in the price of air fuel included in
the calculation of the ticket price on each flight.
iii. there has been changes in personal mobility choices with many people
turning to bicycles and other low-impact forms of transport.

(Asian Development Bank and World Tourism Organization (ADB), 2022)

iv. people will most likely avoid distant tourist destinations and, vice versa,
they will prefer closer ones.

(Luković & Stojković, 2020, p. 84)

Main point 6 : Changes in Terms of The Hospitality Industry In Travel and Tourism
Supporting Detail:
i. Hotel management will have to spend large sum of money on non-contact
technology and raising hygiene standards.

(Luković & Stojković, 2020, p. 84)

ii. there were hotels that took an initiative to decrease the room rate to attract
the guests to check-in. The low-price strategies have given a positive
impact for the hotel industry. It was stated that, as the room price of the
hotel is already at the lower price, the occupancy percentage had risen
drastically to about 90% in only two weeks. This shows a positive sign in
the business compared to before the COVID-19 pandemic.
(Deraman et al., 2021, p.77).

iii. Some hospitality companies reduce room rental prices to attract local and
overseas customers. (Luković & Stojković, 2020)
iv. The low-price strategies have given positive impact for the hotel industry.
It was stated that, as the room price of the hotel is already at the lower
price, the occupancy percentage had risen drastically to about 90% only in
two weeks.
(Deraman et al., 2020, p.77).

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Main Point 7: Changes in Tourist behaviour decision making within the Travel and
Tourism
Supporting Details:
i. the uncertainty caused by the pandemic led tourists to delay their purchase
decision until the last moment

(Toubes et al., 2021).

ii. reduction in tourists’ willingness to pay will differ depending on their
profile and the product in question, for example, an older tourist is likely to
experience a greater reduction in his or her appreciation of the product than
a younger consumer
(Toubes et al., 2021).
iii. the preference for group travel, taking out travel insurance, and loyalty to
the destination provide tourists with a sense of security that reduces the
perception of risk. (Toubes et al., 2021, p.1333).
iv. Tourists who had never shopped online before have seen the benefits
(Toubes et al., 2021, p.1347).

Main Point 8: Changes in Tourist Promotion

Supporting Detail:
i. Promote destinations and experiences that match consumer sentiment and
ease of access, e.g., leisure market, outdoor tourism, and less crowded
destinations.
(Toubes et al., 2021, p.1348).
ii. The tourist voucher is used by some destinations as a new product to
stimulate local customer consumption. Tourist vouchers are based on the
discount voucher model for purchases in hotels and other tourist
accommodation, restaurants and the tourism industry in general, with the
aim of revitalising one of the sectors most affected by the crisis
(Toubes et al., 2021, p.1334).

iii. These vouchers can be purchased by residents in the Basque Country or by

visitors from other places.
(Toubes et al., 2021, p.1334).

iv. online sales promotion has been widely used by online retailers to increase
product sales and boost brands
(Toubes et al., 2021, p.1335).

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CONCLUSION:

In conclusion, there are things that changed in travel and tourism after Covid 19. The
changes as mentioned above are tourist prefer to travel short distances to reduce the risk of
infection. Other than that, with the increase in technology that has been developed by the
government for example like Digital Health Passport, touchless travel such as biometrics,
contactless check-in and can help in reducing contact activities. Moreover, transportation and
hospitality industries also have change whereas this industry involves many related factors.
For example, in the transportation industry, if the number of passengers is reduced, then
ticket prices need to be increased because of the need to cover fuel expenses. On the other
hand, there has been changed on tourist behaviour decision making. After the pandemic,
tourist tend to visit places that are short distance and less crowded. This led to the tourist
promotion where it matches consumer sentiment. The changes are supposed to happen in
order to bring recovery to the tourism and travel industry that had it hard when Covid-19
happened in the last 2 years. As we know, the tourism sector is one of the important sectors
in contributing economic resources to our country. If there is no effort from the parties
involved, there is a high possibility that a country will face the risk of national collapse and
poverty. There are many initiatives taken by the authorities to continue the tourism sector to
develop again and make safety procedures for the people so that the tourism sector can
continue even after the covid 19 pandemic.

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REFERENCE

Asian Development Bank & the World Tourism Organization. (2022). COVID-19 AND THE

FUTURE OF TOURISM IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC. Asian Development Bank

(ADB) and World Tourism Organization (UNWTO).

https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284423385

Casado-Aranda, L. A., Sánchez-Fernández, J., & Bastidas-Manzano, A. B. (2021). Tourism

research after the COVID-19 outbreak: Insights for more sustainable, local and smart

cities. Sustainable Cities and Society, 73, 103126.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103126

Deraman, F., Ismail, N., Hamzah, S. N., & Tuan Zainudin, T. Z. A. (2021). Review of

Hotels’ Survival Strategies during COVID-19 Pandemic in Malaysia. E-Academia

Journal, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.24191/e-aj.v10i2.16289

Luković, S., & Stojković, D. (2020a). Covid-19 pandemic and global tourism. Menadzment u

Hotelijerstvu i Turizmu, 8(2), 79–88. https://doi.org/10.5937/menhottur2002079l

Toubes, D. R., Araújo Vila, N., & Fraiz Brea, J. A. (2021). Changes in Consumption Patterns

and Tourist Promotion after the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Theoretical and

Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 16(5), 1332–1352.

https://doi.org/10.3390/jtaer16050075

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Ang, A. (2021). Malaysia launches vaccine certificate verification app. Healthcare IT News.
https://www.healthcareitnews.com/news/asia/malaysia-launches-vaccine-certificate-
verification-app

Burt, C. (2022). Easier queues with biometrics, touchless check-ins set to reach more
airports. Biometric Update |. https://www.biometricupdate.com/202201/easier-
queues-with-biometrics-touchless-check-ins-set-to-reach-more-airports
Chiang, R. (2021). Malaysia’s first Health Passport, Immunitee formally accepted in.
MobiHealthNews. https://www.mobihealthnews.com/news/asia/malaysia-s-first-
health-passport-immunitee-formally-accepted-singapore

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CRITICAL COMMENT BASED ON THE EIGHT ARTICLE

TONE/BIAS :

Article 1 Optimist
Article 2 The author’s tone is informative, excited,
Absurd
Article 3 The author’s tone is informative, excited,
Absurd
Article 4 The author’s tone is informative, excited,
Absurd
Article 5 Sympathetic, worried, absurd, cautionary,
complaint
Article 6 cautionary, complaint
Article 7 Absurd, accusatory, ambivalent, truthful,
cautionary
Article 8 Curious, empathetic, encouraging

INTENDED AUDIENCE :

Article 1 Traveller or people who wants to

understand the changes trend in tourism
Article 2 The audience is referring to is all social
media readers around the world about
articles related techology
Article 3 People who want to travel after the
pandemic
Article 4 People who want to travel after the
pandemic
Article 5 Hotelier, tourist, community
Article 6 People who work with the transportation
industry, citizens, traveller
Article 7 Citizens, traveller who interested in travel
after the pandemic
Article 8 Agency that work with tourism related,
tourist, student

PURPOSE OF ARTICLE :

Article 1 To understand the changing trend in travel

& tourism
Article 2 The purpose of the Author is to inform the
reader about the new heath passport
system and its benefit
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 Article 3 The purpose of the Author is to inform the
reader about the new heath passport
system and its benefit
Article 4 The purpose of the Author is to inform the
reader about the new heath passport
system and its benefit
Article 5 The purpose of the Author is to inform
how the hospitality industry survive after
the pandemic
Article 6 The purpose of the author is to inform that
after the pandemic there will be changes in
transportation industry and people’s
behavior
Article 7 The purpose of the author is to inform that
after the pandemic there will be changes in
transportation industry, increase of light
ticket and people’s behavior
Article 8 The purpose of the author is to inform that
after the pandemic there will be changes in
People’s behavior and tourist promotion

ADDITIONAL COMMENT ABOUT THE ARTICLE:

Article 1 The author is strongly optimistic that

tourism and travel will recover fully with
the right method and precaution
Article 2 Based on the articles the author inform
that new apps will helps in travelling using
digital technology that was develop
Article 3 Based on the articles the author inform
that new apps will helps in travelling using
digital technology that was develop
Article 4 Based on the articles the author inform
that new apps will helps in travelling using
digital technology that was develop
Article 5 Based on the article the author informs
that there are way on surviving of the
hospitality industry
Article 6 the author informs that after the pandemic
there will be changes in transportation
industry and people’s behavior
Article 7 The author informs the effect of pandemic
throughout the tourisms industry
Article 8 The author informs the relationship
between the people’s behaviour and the
changes in tourist promotion after the
pandemic

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