https://relevantmagazine.

com/justice/environment/scientists-are-being-arrested-while-fighting-for-climate-change/
Climate
Change
Prepared by: Mary Ann V. Ramos
 Objectives

01 Define climate change. 03 Differentiate greenhouse

effect from global warming.

02 Determine
interelatedness
the
of 04 Identify the consequences of
greenhouse effect and climate change.
global warming to climate
change.
- is generally defined as
a significant variation of average
weather conditions over several
decades or more.
• process that occurs when
gases in earth's atmosphere
trap the sun's heat.
• describes the current rise in
the average temperature of
the Earth
Is greenhouse
effect a good
thing?
Is greenhouse effect a natural process?
• natural greenhouse • man-made
effect that one that (enhanced)
keeps our Earth’s greenhouse effect
climate normal and which is an
comfortable enhancement of
natural greenhouse
The greenhouse gases help to keep the
temperature of the earth in balance. This process
is called the GREENHOUSE EFFECT.

The gases work a bit like

glass in a greenhouse.
Heat from the sun shines onto the
Earth.

It passes through a
blanket of gases in our
atmosphere.
Some of the heat energy is
reflected back into space.

Some of the heat energy is

absorbed by the blanket of
gases.
The ‘greenhouse’ gases are essential to life on
Earth. Without them heat energy would escape
back into space.

Earth would be a very

chilly place with an
average temperature of
-18°C !
The greenhouse gases help to keep the
temperature of the earth in balance.

But the earth is getting

warmer and warmer.
WHY?
Human activities are creating more greenhouse
gases including carbon dioxide, CO2.

As we burn more fossil fuels, for

example, the blanket of
greenhouse gases becomes thicker.
More greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
mean that more heat energy is absorbed.

We call this increase in the

temperature of the earth
‘global warming’.
 Greenhouse Gases
Water vapor
Trophospheric ozone
Carbon dioxide

Nitrous oxide
methane
Industrial gases
 1. Water Vapor
• Produced by the Sun’s heat
emissions
• Makes up a maximum of 4%
of the air
• Causes about two-thirds of
the greenhouse effect
• Higher temperature = more
water vapor
 2. Carbon dioxide

• Both man-made and

naturally produced
• primary greenhouse gas

• Responsible for about a

25% of the natural
greenhouse effect on
Earth
 3. Methane

• Produced both by human sources

and naturally
• Less quantities of methane in
the atmosphere than carbon
dioxide
• Methane molecules are more
capable of absorbing thermal
energy than CO2 molecules
 4. Ozone

• Exists naturally
• Creates the layer
protecting the Earth from
the Sun’s high energy UV
radiation rays( in
stratosphere)
• Acts as a greenhouse gas
in the troposphere
 5. Nitrous Oxide
• Produced naturally and by human sources
• Lower density in atmosphere than carbon dioxide
• Molecules are300 times more effective as a greenhouse gas
than a CO2 molecule
 6. Industrial gases

• such as hydrofluorocarbons,
perfluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons,
sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), and nitrogen
trifluoride (NF3)
• Accounting for about 2 percent of all
emissions
• they're used as refrigerants, solvents,
and in manufacturing, sometimes
occurring as byproducts.
“Human activities over the last 100 years, particularly the burning of fossil fuels,
have caused a rapid increase in carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere. Before the industrial age, these gases had remained at near stable
concentrations for thousands of years.....

The rapid warming observed since the 1970s has occurred in a period when the
increase in greenhouse gases has dominated over all other factors. ”

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,

IPCC Fourth Assessment Report: Climate Change, 2007
“Models and observations show warming in the lower part of the atmosphere (the troposphere) and
cooling higher up in the stratosphere...

If an increase in solar output had been responsible for the recent climate warming, both the
troposphere and the stratosphere would have warmed...

Such considerations increase confidence that human rather than natural factors were the dominant
cause of the global warming observed over the last 50 years.”

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,

IPCC Fourth Assessment Report: Climate Change, 2007
1. THAWING OF GLACIAL MASSES
2. FLOODING OF ISLANDS AND COASTAL CITIES

• According to Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC,

2014), during the period 1901-2010 the global average sea level
rose 19 centimeters.

• It is estimated that by 2100 the sea level will be between 15 and

90 centimeters higher than it is now and will threaten 92 million
people.
3. STORMS WILL BE MORE DEVASTATING
4. DROUGHTS

• an event of prolonged
shortages in the water
supply
• occur when precipitation
patterns shift
 5. DESSERTIFICATION
• a type of land degradation in drylands in which
biological productivity is lost due to natural
processes or induced by human activities

• As recognized by the UN on the occasion of the

World Day to Combat Desertification in 2018, 30%
of land has been degraded and lost its real
value.
6. MIGRATION OF SPECIES

• Many animal species will be forced

to migrate in order to survive
• according to the World Bank, by
2050 the number of people forced
to flee their homes due to
extreme droughts or violent
floods could reach 140 million.
7. IMPACTS ON AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK
8. FOOD SHORTAGES
 9. SPREAD OF DISEASES AND PANDEMICS
• the World Health Organization (WHO) states
that global warming will cause infectious
diseases such as malaria, cholera or dengue to
spread to many more areas of the planet.

• On the other hand, extreme heat will increase

and aggravate cardiovascular and respiratory
problems.
Promote ecological awareness among citizens and different administrations.
Use public transport and other non-polluting means.

Commit to recycling and the circular economy.

.
Reduce the consumption of meat and the food waste.

Use renewable energy.

Consume organic products.
https://www.iberdrola.com/environment/greenhouse-effects-
consequences-and-impacts
Thank you for listening!