Information Literacy

Ethical Use of Information

KNOWLEDGE
IS POWER!
“Knowledge is an important
aspect of human life that
leads to activities that
contribute to one gaining
wealth, influence, and
power.”
Information Literacy
in knowledge?
How does information
become knowledge?
 Knowledge is the
appropriate collection of
information through
experience or education,
which could be useful in
various situations.
ETHICAL USE OF INFORMATION
• Share acquired information from various
sources written by different authors.
• Directly quote their words in order to
preserve their meaning
• Quoting someone else's words without
giving credit to the author = claiming
ownership
• Using other people’s words
and ideas without clearly
acknowledging the source
of the information

Plagiarism
•Facts that can be found
in numerous places
and are likely to be
widely known.
Common Knowledge
• John F. Kennedy was elected
President of the United States in
1960.
• This is generally known information.
You do not need to document this
fact

Example
• You must document facts
that are not generally
known, or ideas that
interpret facts.

Interpretation
• Michael Jordan is the greatest
basketball player ever to have
played the game.
• This idea is not a fact but an
interpretation or an opinion. You
need to cite the source.

Example
• Using someone’s words directly
• place the passage between
quotation marks, and document
the source
• standard documenting style.

Quotation
• According to John Smith in The
New York Times, “37% of all
children under the age of 10
live below the poverty line”.
• You need to cite the source.

Example
• Using someone’s ideas, but
rephrasing them in your own words.
• acknowledge and cite the source
of the information.

Paraphrase
Plagiarism has
legal implications!
•Submit your own work
for publication. You
need to cite even your
own work.
Strategies in Avoiding Plagiarism
• Put quotation marks
around everything that
comes directly from the
text and cite the source.

Strategies in Avoiding Plagiarism

• Paraphrase, but be sure that
you are not simply
rearranging or replacing a
few words and cite the
source.
Strategies in Avoiding Plagiarism
• Keep a source journal, a
notepad, or note cards-
annotated bibliographies can
be especially beneficial

Strategies in Avoiding Plagiarism

• Use the style manual in
properly citing sources
• Get help from the writing
center or library

Strategies in Avoiding Plagiarism

• State the importance of
giving credit to the source of
one’s work.
• Elaborate your answer
Questions?
Academic Field Trip
• “Your group is tasked to plan an
academic trip. List pertinent
information on two possible
destinations (somewhere in the
country or abroad)”.

Your Task
• Identify the information
needed – what, where,
who, when, why, how
• Determine all the possible sources,
select the best sources
• the world wide web
• travel guide books
• Brochures
• maps and atlases,
• tour bureaus, family members, and
friends
• Locate and find information
within the sources –
• blogs,
• travel reviews,
• posts from social networking
sites, travel features, pictures,
stories, and testimonials.
• Extract the best relevant
information and cite
pertinent sources
Data Answer Source
Place / Location / Destination
Activity / Schedule
Best time to visit / Length of vacation
Transportation (type, budget, schedule, others)
Accommodation (type, budget, schedule, others)
Food (type, budget, schedule, others)
Things to bring / Reminders
Other information you may need
Total Budget

Sample data