Nov 09

Oxidation of lipids

Peroxidation = no energy is produced

- When lipids react with molecular oxygen

o Catalysed by free radicals
 Two types of free radicals
 Non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation
o Example UV radiation
 Enzymatic lipid peroxidation

Free radicals

- Atom or molecule that contain one or more unpaired electrons

- Capable of independent existence
- More reactive than non-radicals (no unpaired electron, but still reactive since they have oxygen
that is reactive)
o Why more reactive?
 Unpaired electron

When oxygen is partly reduced, (gain hydrogen) several different reactive oxygen species can be made,
both radicals and non radicals, may be produced

ROS = reactive oxygen species

- Hydroxyl radicals
o Extremely reactive free radical
o Very unstable
- Superoxide anion radicals
- Hydrogen peroxide

Hetero lipid cleavage, meron tayong separation.

- Ion formation
- Nung naghiwalay ang atoms, nagkaroon ng unequal sharing of electron

Homo lipid cleavage

- Equal separation of electrons

- Free radicals produced
NADH and FADH will enter electron transport chain (in mitochondria). Pwedeng magkaroon ng leakage
ditto ng electron. Kaya normal lang ang production ng free radicals. Pero ba’t tayo di nagkakasakit?
Because normal din ang pag produce ng antioxidants sa body natin.

Free radicals are not just harmful. They activate production of superoxide anion radicals and hydrogen
peroxide in WBCs. So without the effect of free radicals, WBC wouldn’t be able to make lysozymes
(lysozymes digest foreign bodies that WBC engulf). WBC will then use the superoxide anion and
hydrogen peroxide to destroy the foreign bodies.

X ray will produce hydroxyl group in our body(water). Then the hydroxyl radicals will attack cell
membrane (I forgot what poly something )

Antioxidants

- Can be from the body or diet

Antioxidants from the diet

- Diestary sources include lipid soluble vitamins

o Vitamin E (scavenges free radicals)
o Vitamin C (helps Vitamin E to scavenge free radical; limited scavenging ability on its own)
o carotenoids,
Oxidative stress

Imbalance of antioxidant and pro-oxidant