INTRODUCTION

POPULATION

Georgia is a state in the southeastern United States with landscape that includes ocean
beach, agriculture, and mountains. Atlanta, Georgia's capital city, is home to the Georgia
Aquarium and the Martin Luther King Jr. National Historic Site, both of which are dedicated
to the African American leader's life and times. Savannah is well-known for its 18th and
19th-century architecture and green public areas. Georgia, Georgian Sakartvelo,
Transcaucasia country located at the eastern end of the Black Sea on the southern slopes of
the Greater Caucasus Mountains' main peak. It is bordered by Russia on the north and
northeast, Azerbaijan on the east and southeast, Armenia and Turkey on the south, and the
Black Sea on the west. Georgia is divided into three ethnic enclaves: Abkhazia (main city
Sokhumi) in the northwest, Ajaria (major city Batumi) in the southwest, and South Ossetia
(principal city Sokhumi) in the north (principal city Tskhinvali). Tbilisi is Georgia's capital
(Tiflis).

Population growth is the change in the number of people over time, which can be calculated
as the change in the number of individuals in a population through a measure over a period
of time. The following is the total population of Georgia.

YEAR TOTAL POPULATION

2006 3880347.0
2007 3860158.0
2008 3848449.0
2009 3814419.0
2010 3786695.0
2011 3756441.0
2012 3728874.0
2013 3717668.0
2014 3719414.0
2015 3725276.0
2016 3727505.0
2017 3728004.0
2018 3726549.0
2019 3720161.0
2020 3714000.0
Changes in Georgia’s population negatively reflect demographic developments, which tend
to worsen and are one of the country’s real problems. The factors that affect the population
are the changes made and the definition of subsequent development trends. It is found that
this change in the population in Georgia is mainly due to political and socio-economic
factors, which have a relatively different journey according to time and space. Unstable
political conditions and high unemployment are factors contributing to the workforce in
Georgia has been reduced and most have migrated to foreign countries where the economy
is more stable. In addition, the population growth rate in the last 15 years has decreased
from 2006 to 2013. The population growth rate remained in 2014 at 0%, however, back
decreased 0.2% in 2019. Georgia's population has been falling for many years, while its
current growth rate is believed to be at 0.6 percent per year. Unless something changes,
government officials and demographers believe Georgia's population will be cut in half in 40
years.

NATIONAL INCOME

Economic growth is important for a country in order to increase the living standards of its
citizens and ensure the country's stability. Economic growth can also be used as a
measurement to analyse a country's economic development status. In the current economic
scenario, economic growth cannot avoid being affected by an upturn or a downturn.
Sometimes economic growth increases to the point where prices rise, while other times it is
slowly and decreases to a level lower than previously. To calculate a country's rate of
economic growth, the real national income, also known as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) or
Gross National Product (GNP), must be considered (GNP). The national income and its
components are calculated at a fixed price, i.e., the price of products in the selected base
year. Economic growth is critical for increasing income and employment possibilities for the
people. The total amount of a person's final goods and services generated in a year is
referred to as national income. Income is the same as national production. The total sum of
revenue received by factors of production of productive items is referred to as national
income. Rent, net interest, salary, company profit, and private enterprise income are
examples of income factors. The importance of analysing national income involves
measuring a country's economic growth, resolving economic difficulties, measuring people's
living standards, and comparing living standards between countries. In these 15 years there
is a tendency for GNI growth in Georgia.
 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
GNI growth (annual %) 8.2 2.8 5.0 2.0 0.4 4.4 5.9 4.3 -7.0
GNI per capita growth 9.0 3.1 4.9 1.8 0.4 4.4 6.0 4.5 -6.9
(annual %)
GNI per capita Atlas 4150 4530 4740 4410 4080 4040 4460 4690 4270
method (current US $)
GNI per capita PPP 9720 10420 11420 11820 12260 12920 14030 14930 14070
(current international $)

Looking at the entire picture above, there has been a decrease from 2012 to 2018, then an
increase in 2019 and a decrease in 2020. This is due to an increase in long-term liabilities
and fixed costs, which outweighs economic growth and national revenue. Despite having
achieved great achievement in the political, economic, and social environments, the
population's level of living and quality of life remains quite low. Satisfaction with public needs
falls considerably behind economic growth. Georgia is currently dealing with a number of
economic issues that must be addressed quickly or the country's macroeconomic stability
will be negatively affected.

Gerzmava, O., Bakuridze, S., Gerzmava, N., & Tegetashvili, A. Demographic, Social and
Economic Trends of Georgian Population. In 7th EURASIAN MULTIDISCIPLINARY
FORUM, EMF 2017 6-7 October, Tbilisi, Georgia (p. 404).

Putkaradze, M., Abuselidze, G., & Putkaradze, L. (2020). Political And Social-Economic
Aspects Of Changes In Age And Gender Structure Of Population Of Georgia. Economics
and Management, 17(1), 89-98.

Shaburishvili, S. (2016). Social changes and economic development in Georgia. Економіка і

організація управління, (3 (23)), 12-18.