Achieve Great Things, Initiate Changes, Transform from Better to Best, Excel and Remain Humble

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DISCIPLINE AND IDEAS IN THE APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCES

I. UNIT NO. & TITLE: Unit 1: Emergence of Social Sciences
II. LESSON NO. & TITLE: Lesson 1: Social Science Disciplines: HISTORY, METHODS, AND
AREAS OF INQUIRY

III. WEEK NUMBER: Week 1-2

IV. MODULE NUMBER: Module 1-2
V. OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, students must be able to:

 Explain the definition of Social Sciences and Applied Social Sciences

 Clarify relationships and differences between social sciences and applied social sciences

VI. ACTIVITY:
Make a statement about the following:
1. Poverty as a Social Issues in the Philippines
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2. How Social Science shapes lives?

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VII. DISCUSSION:

DEFINING THE SOCIAL SCIENCES

The social sciences are vast fields of scientific studies that investigate human societies and the different
forces that work within them. These diverse fields examine how people interact and develop culture.
The social science is made up of several disciplines and these include history, political science,
sociology, psychology, economics, geography, demography, anthropology, and linguistics. As a body of
scientific knowledge, the social sciences provide a diverse set of lenses that help us understand and
explain the different facets of human society. The variety of lens that social sciences study refers to the
different fields of the social sciences that investigate human society.
DISCIPLINES OR BRANCHES IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES

ECONOMICS
Economics studies the allocation of scarce resources and the production and exchange of goods and
services in society.
Economics has different subfields.
 Environmental economics studies the allocation of natural resources.
 Labor Economics focuses on the study of the decision-making and behaviors of employees
and the relationship between employers and employees.
 Business Economics examines the behavior of companies and firms by studying the factors
that result in profit maximization, price setting, production goals, and the role of incentives.
 Monetary economics, on the other hand, studies the nation’s production, inflation, income,
interest rates, and monetary policies.

ANTHROPOLOGY
Anthropology is the scientific study of humans and their cultures in the past and present time. To
understand the complexity of cultures across all of human history, anthropology draws and build upon
knowledge drawn from the social and biological sciences and humanities and physical sciences.
Different areas of Anthropology
 Cultural Anthropology studies the development of human culture based on ethnologic,
linguistic, social, and psychological data of analysis. It explains how people in other societies
live and effects of their environments to their respective lives.
 Physical Anthropology studies human biological nature, particularly its beginning, evolution,
and variation in prehistory.
 Archeology studies human life in the past through the examination of things left behind by the
people.
 Anthropological linguistic studies language and their relationships to the culture in which they
are used.

HISTORY
History is a systematic study of human past events in order to understand the meaning, dynamics,
relationships of the causes and effects of events in the development of societies.
History has several subfields, they are:
 Political History studies the history of political institutions.
 Economic history studies the development of economic institutions and other economic
factors.
 Environmental History look into the history of the interaction of humans with the environment
 History of Medicine and Public Health examines the history of public health and human
medicine.
 Business History studies the history of the development of businesses, companies, and
industries.

POLITICAL SCIENCE
Political Science primarily studies human behavior in relation to political systems, governments, laws,
and international relations. It examines the relationship between people and policy at all levels from the
individual to the national and international levels.
 Political science has several fields of study, they are,
 Domestic politics studies public opinion, elections, national and local governments.
 Comparative politics studies politics within countries and analyzes the similarities and
differences between and among countries.
 International relations focus on the study of political relationship and interaction between and
among countries.
 Public Administration studies national and local governance and bureaucracy.
 Public Law examines legal system, civil rights, and criminal justice.

PSYCHOLOGY
Psychology studies how the human kind works in consonance with the body to produce thoughts that lead
to individual actions.
it has different subfields, they are:
 Experimental Psychology studies behavior of humans and animals and examines how and why
learning takes place.
 Developmental psychology studies the ways people change and behave as they go through their
life.
 Personality psychology studies human nature and differences among people.
 Environmental psychology studies the effects of surrounding on a person’s attitude and behavior.

SOCIOLOGY
Sociology is a systematic study of people’s behavior in groups. There are numerous subfields that one can
pursue and specialize as a sociology major, they are:
 Applied Sociology focus on the use and proper application of sociological theories, methods and
skills to examine data, solve problems and communicate research to the public.
 Urban sociology studies societal life and interactions in urban areas through the application of
sociological methods like statistical analysis and ethnographies.
 Cultural sociology analyzes the development of social institutions, norms and practices.
 Rural sociology studies the social life of people in rural areas.
 Medical sociology examines the societal aspects of health and medicine of people.
 Sociology of Education analyzes how social forces and institutions like politics, economic systems,
and culture affects schools and educational system.
 Political sociology examines how social structure affects and influences politics.
 Military sociology is a sociological study of the military organizations, the different civilian and
military relationships, war experiences, and the use and control of force.

GEOGRAPHY
Geography is the study of the interaction between people and their environments.
Two branches of Geography:
 Physical Geography studies the natural features of the earth, including land, water, and
atmosphere.
 Human Geography on the other hand, studies how people create cultures in their natural
environments.

DEMOGRAPHY
Demography is the study of human population. It comes from two ancient Greek words, demos meaning
"the people" and graphos meaning "charting or mapping." The disCipline also studies how people move from place to
place. The main sources of data are census and other vital statistics/ Some basic demographic concepts include
fertility, mortality, migration, and population growth. "he study of human population begins with how many people are
born. Fertility is the incidence of child bearing in a country's population (Macionis, 2006 418). Fertility is measured
using crude birth rate or the number of live births for every 1000 people in a population. Population is also affected by
mortality, or the incidence of death in a country's population Mortality IS measured using crude death rate, or the
number of deaths for every 1,000 in a population. Another factor that affects population size is migration. This is the
movement of people into and out of a particular territory. Population growth rate is simply the difference between the
crude birth rate and the crude death rate.
The issue of population has been of interest to scholars even during the ancient period. Kautilya, a
ContempOrary of Plato, commented in his Arthashastra that a large population is a source of military, political and
economic strength of a nation. The same idea is espoused by lbn Khaldin, a fourteenth century Arab historian, who
contended that a dense population Thomas Malthus growth is generally favorable to the maintenance and increase
of imperial power. This thinking has been reversed in later times when an increase in population growth is seen as a
bane to developing SOcieties. One of the earliest demographers is Edmond Halley. He was the first scientist to study
a person's likelihood of death as he or she passes tnrough different age groups using death statistics from across the
different age groups. He also wrote a book entitled An estimate of the degrees of the mortality of mankind, drawn
from the curious tables of the births and Tunerals at the city of Breslaw: with an attempt to ascertain the price of
annuities upon lives (1753). Another familiar name in this field and who has iready been mentioned in the subtopic
Economics is Thomas Maithus. I ne isCipline economics highlighted in his book An Essay on the Principle or
Fopulation (1798) its main area of inquiry, which is scarcity of resources. Demography, on the other hand, highlights
its main area of inquiry whicn population growth rate, and which Malthus believes to be groWing in a geometric
progression.

LINGUISTICS
Linguistics came from the Latin word Lingua, meaning “language”. The discipline studies the nature of
language through the examination of the formal properties of natural language, grammar, and the process of
language acquisition. Language plays an important role in both cognition and culture and culture of society.
Among the things that linguist study are phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and
pragmatics.
 Phonetics is the study of speech sounds. It examines how the sounds are made and identifies its
properties.
 Phonology is the study of speech sound pattern. It identifies what sounds are there and the
categories these speech sounds fall under.

 Morphology is the study of how words are categorized or form.

 Syntax is the study of how words are combined to form a sentence. It also categorizes types of
phrases and types of sentences. In order to have meaning, the sentences or phrases have to
mirror the conditions it pertains to in the real world.
 Semantics is the study of meaning-making.
 Pragmatics is the study of the language context. It is not enough to correct the meaning of the
phrase or sentence is used, you must also know the proper way to convey it.

VIII. PRACTICE/APPLICATION/SYNTHESIS:
(See worksheet)

IX. ASSESSMENT:
(See worksheet)

X. REFLECTION:
Make an essay on how Social Sciences and Applied Social Sciences differ from each other. (10 sentences)

XI. FEEDBACK: Teacher’s comments or reactions after submission and checking.

 Achieve Great Things, Initiate Changes, Transform from Better to Best, Excel and Remain Humble

Gret-Fisico Bldg., Maharlika Highway, Brgy. Lumingon, Tiaong, Quezon, Philippines

Telefax Number: (042)-545-6547 / Cell No. 0922-8934738

WORKSHEET 1

Name: ___________________________ Date: __________________

Section: __________________________ Teacher: ________________

PRACTICE/APPLICATION/SYNTHESIS:

Identify the word/words being describe in each sentence.

__________________1. Studies the optimum allocation of scarce resources and how individuals interact within the
social structure to address questions regarding the production and exchange of goods and services.
__________________2. Studies change sin population growth through the analysis of statistics on birth, human
movement, and morbidity, agedness, and mortality.
__________________3. The study of how words are combined to form a sentence.
__________________4. The scientific study of language.
__________________5. It assesses and finds treatment for people with psychological disorders.
__________________6. Studies the interaction between people and their environments and explores both the
physical properties of Earth’s surface and their relationship with human societies.
__________________7. Studies how people and group experience the world through various emotions, ideas, and in
different conscious states.
__________________8. Is a sociological studies of the military organizations, the different civilian and military
relationships, war experiences, and the use and control of forces.
__________________9. Focuses on the study of political relationship and interaction between and among countries.
__________________10. A systematic study of human past events in order to understand the meaning, dynamics,
and relationship of the causes and effects of events in the development of societies.

ASSESSMENT:
Answer the following questions.
How will you compare and contrast the relationship of the different fields of the social sciences?
a. History and Anthropology
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b. Sociology and Anthropology
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c. Economics and Demography
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d. Political Science and History
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e. Sociology and Psychology
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REFLECTION:
Make an essay stating the importance of studying the different disciplines or branches of social science. (10
sentences)
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Prepared by: Checked and Noted By:

BERNADETH R. RODRIGUEZ LAARNI L. TOLENTINO

Subject Teacher Principal