PROFESSIONS OF SOCIAL

SCIENTISTS

Presented by: Group 6

Question:
What are the different profession's that a
social science graduate can pursue?
 PROFESSTIONS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCE

Social science is the study of society and the manner in which people
behave and impact the world. As a field of study, the social sciences
seeks to explain and understand the nature of human experiences and
the different mechanisms that operate in every society. The social
sciences can explain the causes of poverty, the reasons why elections
are held, or the causes of deviant behaviors in society. Most social
science practitioners are employed in various sectors in society like the
national and local government units and institution's, nongovernmental
organizations, educational and religious organizations.
 ECONOMICS

Economics study the optimum allocation of scarce

resources and how individuals interact within the
social structure to address issues on production,
distribution, and consumption of goods and
services.
 ANTHROPOLOGY

• Anthropologists study culture in the past and present time, To understand the
complexity of cultures across all human history, anthropology draws and builds upon
knowledge from the social and biological sciences as well as the humanities and
physical sciences.
• A major concern of anthropologists is the application of knowledge to solve human
problems. Anthropologists are trained in different areas, namely, sociocultural
anthropology, biological or physical anthropology, archaeology, and anthropological
linguistics.
• Cultural anthropology studies the development of human cultures based ethnologic,
linguistic, social and psychological data of analysis (Repko, 2008, p. 67). It explains
how people in other societies live and the effects of their environments to their
respective lifestyles.
ANTHROPOLOGY

• Physical anthropology studies human biological nature, particularly its beginning,

evolution, and variation in prehistory.
• Archaeology studies human life in the past through the examination of things left
behind by the people from the past.
• Anthropological linguistics studies language and their relationship to the cultures
in which they are used. Anthropologists study culture. They are involved in
different anthropological endeavors that develop case histories of various tribal
and ethnic groups and descriptive accounts of the mores and patterns of people.
• Anthropologists are interested in developing a total, interrelated picture of a
society. Because of this, anthropology is considered as an integrative science.
HISTORY

Historians study past human events in order to understand

the meaning, dynamics and relationships of the causes and
effects of events as they happen through time. Historians
rely on primary and secondary sources to study past
events. Primary sources refers to eyewitness accounts or
contemporaneous accounts about the events. They also
use secondary sources or evidences that are not
eyewitness accounts and are based from the primary
sources.
POLITICAL SCIENCE

Political scientists study the different forms and processes of

government and the concepts of state, power, ideology and
politics and the effects of these concept to individuals and
groups in society. They examine as well the relationships
between people and policy at all levels from the individual to
the national and international levels. Political science has
several fields of study. It includes domestic politics,
comparative politics, international relations, political theory,
public administration, and public law.
 POLITICAL SCIENCE

• Domestic politics studies public opinion, elections, national and local

governments. Comparative politics studies politics within countries and
analyzes the similarities and differences between and among countries.
International relations focuses on the political relationship and interaction
between and among countries.
• Political theory studies classical political philosophy and contemporary
theories.
• Public administration studies national and local governance and the
bureaucracy.
• Public law examines legal systems, civil rights, and criminal justice.
PSYCHOLOGY

• Psychologists study how the human mind works in consonance with the body to
produce thoughts that lead to individual actions. A psychologist tries to
understand how people and groups experience the world through various
emotions, ideas, and in diverse conscious states.
• He/She uses a variety of skills in conducting psychological researches. These
skills include observation and analysis.
• Observation can be done by watching human behavior and writing down what is
seen.
• Psychologists observe to find patterns of behavior or actions that occur in
different times. They also look for exceptions in the patterns of behavior.
PSYCHOLOGY
• Another skill used by psychologists is analysis. Through analysis, psychologists can
determine and examine the meaning of the different patterns and the reason for the
pattern exceptions. Some of the fields of psychology include experimental
psychology, developmental psychology, personality psychology, social psychology and
environmental psychology.
• Experimental psychology studies behavior of humans and animals and examines how
and why learning takes place.
• Developmental psychology studies the ways people change and behave as they go
through their life.
• Personality Psychology studies human nature and differences among people.
• Social Psychology looks into the behavior of people in groups. While
• Environmental psychology studies the effects of surroundings on person's attitude and
behavior.
SOCIOLOGY

• Sociologists study people’s behavior in groups rather than in

individuals. They investigate why and how people interact with
each other and how they function as a society or social subgroups.
Sociologists study social structures, collective human action, social
relationships, culture and even the impact of social context on
individual behavior (Repko, 2008, p. 69). Sociologists use a variety
of methods to study group behavior. These include observation
and analysis of human behavior, surveys and personal interviews.
Surveys or opinion polls and interviews are used by sociologists to
determine what people think about certain issues at a specified
time and place.
SOCIOLOGY

• There are numerous subfields that one can pursue and

specialize as a sociology major. These include applied
sociology, urban sociology cultural sociology, rural sociology,
medical sociology, sociological theory, sociology of
education, political sociology, and military sociology.
 SOCIOLOGY

• Applied sociology focuses on the use and proper application of

sociological theories, methods, and skills to examine data, solve
problems, and communicate research to the public.
• Urban sociology studies societal life and interactions in urban areas
through the application of sociological methods like statistical analysis
and ethnographies.
• Cultural sociology analyzes the development of social institutions,
norms, and practices.
• Rural sociology studies the social life of people in rural areas.
 SOCIOLOGY

• Medical sociology examines the societal aspects of health and

medicine of people. Sociology of education analyzes how social
forces and institutions like politics, economic systems, and
cultures affects schools and educational systems.
• Political sociology examines how social structures affect and
influence politics.
• Military sociology is a sociological study of the military
organization, the different civilian and military relationships,
war experiences, and the use and control of force.
 GEOGRAPHY

• Geographers study of the interaction between people and their

environments. Geographers probe into both the physical properties of
Earth’s surface and their relationship with human societies. They also
examine how human culture interact with the natural environment and
the impact of locations and places on people. There are two main
branches of geography, namely, physical geography and human
geography. Physical geography studies the natural features of the earth,
including land, water and atmosphere. Human geography on the other
hand, studies how people create cultures in their natural environments.
Geographers developed five themes to understand the importance of
learning about the world. These included location, place, human-
environment interaction, movement, and region.
 FIVE THEMES IN GEOGRAPHY

• Location – Position on the Earth’s surface Use of absolute location or the exact
location and relative location or the location of something in relation to a certain
place.
• Place – Physical characteristics of a place are depend on landforms, vegetation,
climate, flora and fauna. Human characteristics of a place depend on language,
religion, and beliefs.
• Human-environment interaction – Geographers study human and environment
interaction to learn how people use the Earth’s resources.
• Movement – By studying human movement, geographers can learn how human are
connected with each other.
• Regions – Regions are the basic units of study used by geographers to divide and
understand the Earth and its people.