Reading and use of English

Part 2 – mix 1
For questions 1-8 read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only
one word in each gap.
Camels
The most distinctive feature of a camel is the hump, or humps, on its back. In these humps, camels store fat
(1) _____________ is used as energy when they don't have access to food. They can put (2)
_________________with challenging conditions, drinking only a little (3) _____________ no water for up to
seven days. When camels reach a place where they can drink, they soak up water (4) __________________
a sponge - they can drink 135 litres in 13 minutes! And their mouths are (5) ________________ tough that
they can eat most types of plant.
Camels (6) ______________ thought by many to have poor hearing. But although their ears are small, their
hearing is actually very sharp. Camels can be almost any shade of brown, from pale cream to almost black
and they have long necks to allow them to reach high branches. Despite the (7) _________________ that
camels can be trained as useful working animals, they don't always do (8) _________________ is expected!

A cardboard bike
If you're looking for a cheap new bike for Christmas, you may want (1) ____________ think about buying
Stephen Jones' amazing eco-friendly bicycle. Can you guess (2) _____________ it's made of? You might be
surprised to find out that it is made of cardboard! And, just in case if you're wondering, it is water-resistant
too!
The inventor came (3) _____________ with the idea after reading about a boat made of cardboard which
was designed by students at Cambridge University. Stephen's biggest challenge was creating a bike that was
strong (4) _____________ to be ridden by someone at almost any size. After experimenting (5)
________________ several options, he discovered that if he folded the cardboard in a particular way, it could
carry (6) _____________ weight of a rider.
Most cyclists need to be able to use their bikes in wet weather, especially in the UK, so his next challenge
was to work out ways to protect the bike from the water. It (7) ___________ him a while to get this right,
but he found he could spray it with a special waterproof substance. In the end, the result is a smart bike that
looks and feels (8) ___________ it's made of lightweight plastic. Steve's next project is to create a plane out
of cardboard too.

CAMPUS III IDIOMAS SL

Av. Del Mediterráneo, 5 – 29130 – Alhaurín de la Torre
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 The importance of water
Water is an essential part of life. All plants and animals, including humans, contain a great deal
(1) ______________ water. More (2) ____________ two-thirds of the human body is composed of water.
Without water, humans, animals and plants cannot survive. People cannot live (3) ____________ more than
four days without water. However, they can stay alive much longer than that without food.
Water covers a large part of the earth. Indeed, there is much more water than land. Oceans and seas cover
more than 70% of (4) _______________ surface of the earth.
Because water is so common (5) ________________ many parts of the world, we often take it for granted.
Unfortunately, not everyone is so lucky. In many countries, (6) _______________ as East Africa, there is often
a drought, which could lead to famine because crops die without water. Also, not all water is safe to drink (7)
________________ to the fact that it contains dangerous bacteria and harmful chemicals.
It is tragic (8) ________________ so many people do not have access to clean drinkable supply of water. The
more prosperous governments of the world should offer aid to help poorer countries to provide a safe water
supply.

Making perfume
A scent or a perfume usually consists of an alcoholic solution containing what is known (1) ____________
essential oils. These oils are obtained from plants and include sandalwood and rosemary.
The essential oils are collected (2) _________________ a variety of ways, including the use of steam, the use
of solvents and mechanical processes. The aroma of oranges and other citrus fruits is usually obtained by
taking off the peel and then crushing it. Sometimes, for reasons of expense, synthetic chemicals are used
(3) ___________________ of natural oils. They are also used when manufacturers wish to create a fragrance
that is unknown in nature.
Chemicals called fixatives are added (4) _________________ the essential oils to hold them together. These
fixatives prevent them from disappearing into the atmosphere too quickly. Alcohol is then added, and the
exact kind of perfume which is produced (5) _________________ on the amount of alcohol used. Cologne,
for example, may contain between two and six per cent essential oils, while aftershave can contain
(6) ________________ little as half a per cent.
Each perfume is made up (7) __________________ three main sorts of smell: the top note, the middle note
and the base note. Top note smells include such as light aromas lemon. Sage or marjoram are typical of the
oils chosen for the middle note, while sandalwood is (8) ___________________ common use as a base note.

CAMPUS III IDIOMAS SL

Av. Del Mediterráneo, 5 – 29130 – Alhaurín de la Torre
Info@campus3idiomas.com
www.campus3idiomas.com
952 41 29 41