Limites demostrativos pág.

(79 y 80)
lim 1
1
23. x →−
2 1
=−2 , x ≠ O , escoger δ<
x 2
1 1
0< x + < δ ∧ x ∈ R− {0 } ⇒ + 2 <ε
2 x | |
δ= | |
1 2 x+1
3 x
<ε

−1 1 1
<x+ <
| 12|< ε
2 x+

3 2 3 |x|

−5
<x←
1 |x+ |
1
2 ε
<
6 6 |x| 2

1 5
−6< ← x+
x 6
1 1 ε
| |
< …*1
2 |x| 2

5 1
||
< <6
6 x

|
{
x+ |<δ
1
2
obs : Obtenemos de *1 a *2
|1x|< 6
ε

¿ 2. ..
| |
x+
1
2
<6 δ
6 δ= ε> 0
2
ε
|x| δ=
12

δmin=
{| | | |}
1 ε
;
3 12

lim x
−5
24. x→
4 1
=5 , x ≠ 1 , escoger δ 1<
x +1 4

|x + 54|< δ δ ∧ x ∈ R−{1}⇒ x +1x −5< ε

1
<δ
5 x −5 x −5
¿ <ε
−1 5 1 x+ 1
<x+ <
5 4 5 −4 x −5 < ε
−29 −21 x +1
<x<
20
−9
< x+1<
20
−1
4 x+5
x +1
<ε| |
20 20
−20<
1 −20
x+ 1
<
9 | 54|¿ x +1∨¿<1 ε …( II )¿
4 x+

1 20 1
< <20
x+1 9 x+1
1
x+1
<20 … ( I ) |x + 54||x+11 |<20 δ
4 |x + 54||x+11 |<80 δ
ε < 80 δ

ε
1
80
<δ ∴ δ máximo: {15 ; 801 ε }
lim 182−49 x
25. x →−1 −232 6 1
= , x ≠− , escoger δ 1 <
8 ( 7 x +6 ) 8 7 7
∀ ε >0 , ∃ δ >0

0<| x+1|< δ
| 182−49 x 231
8 ( 7 x+ 6 )
+
8
<ε
|
δ=
8|
1 12544 x +12544
64 ( 7 x +6 )
<ε
|
−1
8
< x +1<
1
8 |1467 x+196
x+6 |
<ε

−9
8
< x←
7
8 |7xx++16|< 196ε …..*1
−63 44
< 7 x←
8 8
|x +1|<δ

−15
<7 x +6 ←
1
tenemos
| 7 x+ 6 |
1
<8
8 8 ❑

|7xx++16|<8 δ
1 8
−8< ←
7 x +6 15

|7 x+1 6|<8 …*2 de (*1) y (*2) tenemos

ε
8 δ= ; ε >O
196
ε
δ=
1568

δmin= { 18 , 1568ε }
 lim x
26. x →−3 −3 1
= , x ≠± 2 , escoger δ 1<
2
x −4 5 2

lim x
x →−3 −3 ↔ ( ∀ ε >0 ) ( ∃δ >0 ) tal que si:
=
2
x −4 5
x −3
(|x +3|< ε ∧ x ∈ Df =1∧− {± 2 } ) ⇒ 2 = < ε
x −4 5

x 3
0< x +3< δ + <ε
x −4 5
2

1 5 x+3 x 2−12
δ= <ε
3 5 x 2−20
2
−1 1 3 x +5 x−12
< x +3< <ε
3 3 5( x 2−4 )

−10
3
<x← ()
8 1 ( x +3 ) (3 x + 4 )
3 5 ( x +2 ) ( x−2 )
<ε

1 1
( x +3 ) (3 x + 4 ) <5 ε ...(¿1)
( x +2 ) ( x−2 )

−10 8 −10 8 10 8
<x← <x← − <x←
3 3 3 3 3 3
−1 2 16 14
−10<3 x ←8 < x +2← − < x−2←
3 3 3 3
1 3 3 1 3
−6< 3 x + 4←4 −3< ← − < ←
x+ 2 2 16 x−2 14
3 1 3 1 3
4 <|3 x +4|<6 < <3 < <
2 |x +2| 16 |x−2| 14

De (*1)a (*2) tenemos

 {
|x +2|<δ
|3 x+ 4|< 6
1 27 δ
Obs: <3 =5 ε
|x +2| 2
1 3
<
|x −2| 14

( x+3 )( 3 x+ 4 ) 27 δ 10 ε
< …(*2)δ =
( x+ 2 )( x−2 ) 2 27

δ=
{| | | |}
1 10 ε
;
3 27

lim 2 x
27. x→ 1 3
=2, x ≠
4 x−3 4
lim 2 x
x→ 1
=2↔ ( ∀ ε >0 ) ( ∃δ >0 ) tal que si:
4 x−3

(
|x −1|<δ x ∈ Df =R− { 34 }) ⇒|4 2x−3x −2|< ε
2 x−8 x +6
0< x−1< δ = <ε
4 x −3
1 −6 x+6
δ= = <ε
2 4 x−3
−1 1 −6|x +1|
< x−1 ⋅< = <ε
2 2 |4 x−3|

7 3 |x−1| ε
< x< = ← … ( ¿ 1 ) 2< 4 x< 6
2 2 |4 x−3| 6
−1< 4 x−3<3
1 1
−1< <
4 x−3 3
1 1
< <1
3 |4 x−3|

De (*1) a (*2) tenemos

{
1 x−1< δ −ε
Obs: 1 δ=
<1 6
4 x−3

(*2) …
| x−1|
|4 x−3|
1
<1 δ δ =min ;−
2 {ε
6 }

lim 3 x−1
28.
1
x→
3
=O , x ≠ 3
3 x−2

lim 3 x−1
1
x→
3
=O ↔ ( ∀ ε > 0 ) (∃ δ> 0 ) tal que si :
3 x−2

(| | 1
x − < δ ∩ x ∈ Df =R−
3
2
3
⇒ { }) |
3 x−1
3 x−2
=0< ε |
| | |
1
0< x− < δ =
3
3 x−1
3 x−2
<ε |
 δ=
1 |¿ x−31|< ε
2
|x−32|
−1
2
1 1
< x− < = x−
3 2
1
3 | || x−1 2 |< ε ...( ¿1) −16 < x < 56
3

−5 2 1
<x− <
6 3 6
−6 1
< <6
5 2
x−
3
6 1
< <6
5
| |
x−
2
3

De (*1) a (*2) tenemos

{|x− 13|<δ
1

|x − 23|
<6
6 δ =ε

(*2)..
|x− |
1
3
<6δ δ=
ε

|x− 3|
2 6

δ min=
{| | | |}
1 ε
;
2 6

lim x 2
29.
13
x→
4 −169
= , x ≠ ±3
9−x
2
25
2
x 169
( )
x −13 < δ ⇒
4
+
9−x 25
2
<ε

2
lim 25 x −169( x +3)(x−3)
13
x→
4
−25(x +3)( x−3)

lim 25 x 2−169
13
x→
4
−25
 2 2
lim −x −13
13
x→
4

−( x−13 ) ( x +13 )
lim
13 − y ( x −13 )( x +13 )
x→
4 4 ( x−13 ) ( x+13 )
= <ε
4 4
( x−13)(x +13) ε
<
4 4

| |
Obs : x −13 <δ

|
x−
13
4
Si: δ =1| | |13 15
x+ <
4

4 2

−1< x−
13
4
< 1 x− (
13
4
x+
4 )(
13 15
< δ
2 )
9 17 15 δ ε
<x< =
4 4 2 4
22 13 30 2ε
< x + < δ=
4 4 4 60
11 13 15 ε
<x+ < δ=
2 4 2 30
lim 1
1
30. x→ 1
= , x ≠2 , x ≠ 3
( x−2 )( x−3 ) 2
X ≠ 3 X ≠2

∀ ϵ <0 ;∃> 0 ;tal que :

1 1
|x−1|< δ − <ε ≫|x−1|
( x −2 )( x−3 ) 2

1 1 −3 3
lim − < x−1<
x →1 x −5 x+ 6 2
2
4 4

2−x 2 +5 x−6 1 7
lim <x<
x →1
2
2 x −10 x +12 4 4

−( x−4 )( x−1) 9 5 3
lim < x− ←
x →1 2( x−2)( x−3) 4 2 4

(x−4)(x−1)
lim
x →1 2
x −5 x+ 6+
5
2
2
−
5
2 () ()
2 9
16 ( )5 1 3
< x− − <
2 4 16

( x−4 )( x−1)
lim
x →1
( ) ( )5
x− + 6
2
2
−25
4
9
8 ( ) 5 1 3
< 2 x− − <
2 4 8
 ( x−4)(x −1) 8 1 8
lim < <
x →1
( ) 5 2 1
x− −
2 4
3
( ) 5 1 9
2 x− −
2 4

Observación:

|x−1|< δ
1 8
<
( )5 1 9
2 x− −
2 4

x−1 8
< δ
( )5 1 9
2 x− −
2 4

8
ε< δ
9

9ε
δ=
8
2
lim x + 2 x−3
31. x→ 1
2
=−4 , x ≠1 , x ≠ 3
x −3 x +2
2
lim x + 2 x−3
x→ 1
2
=−4 , x ≠1 , x ≠ 2
x −3 x +2
lim ( x +3 ) ( x−1 ) 1
x→ 1
+ 4< ε δ=
( x−2 ) ( x−1 ) 2

x+3
+ 4< ε 0<| x−1|<δ
( x−2 )
( x +3)+ 4 ( x−2 ) −1 1
<ε < x−1<
( x−2 ) 2 2

( x+3+ 4 x−8 ) 1 3
<ε < x−2<
( x −2 ) 2 2
5 x−5 −3 1
<ε < x−2←
x−2 2 2
5 ( x−1 ) 1 2
<ε −2< ←
( x −2 ) x−2 3

|x−1| 2
<
1
<2
<5 ε
|x−2| 3 |x−2|

Obs :|x−1|< δ
1
<2
|x−2| 2 δ =5 ε
|x−1|
<2 δ
|x−2|
 5ε
δ=
2

δ min= {12 , 52ε }

32. lim
x→
1
2
( 2 x 2 +3 x−2
2
6 x −5 x +1 )
=5 x ≠2 x ≠
1
3
2
2 x +3 x−2 ( 2 x−1 )( x +2 ) x +2 1 1
¿ f ( x )= = = x≠ x≠
6 x −5 x +1 ( 2 x−1 ) ( 3 x−1 ) 3 x−1
2
3 2
¿

( | | )1
{ } (|
si 0< x− < δ ∧ x ∈ D f =R− , →
2
1 1
3 2 | )
x+ 2
3 x−1
−5 < ε

|3xx−1
+2
−5||x − |.
1
2

|3xx−1
+2
−5|=7|1−2 x|
|3 x −1| | 2|
1
=¿ x− < δ=|
1
2 |
1−2 x
<δ
1
¿ M > 0 ,tal que < M , Para Ello
|3 x−1|
1 1 1 1 1 1 3
δ1 < | − | = ∧ δ1 < | −2| =
2 2 3 12 2 2 8
1 1 3
δ 1= , puesto que < en consecuencia , de x− < δ ≤ δ 1=
12 12 8
1
2 | |
1
12
x− <
1 1
| |
2 12
−1 1 1
< x− <
12 2 12
5 7
<x<
12 12
4 1
¿ < <4
3 3 x−1
1
|3 x−1|
< 4=M , porque1=max
4
3
,|4|
{| | }
¿
1
|3 x−1| 2
1−2 x
|
<4 δ |
1
¿−7 |1−2 x|<56 δ
|3 x−1|
−
x+ 2
3 x−1 |
−5 < ε |
1
¿ 56 δ =ε → δ=ε , escogemos δ=min
56
1
,ε
12 56
1
{ }
¿
 ( )
2
x −x 1 4
33 . lim = x≠0 x≠
2
x → 0 5 x −4 x 4 5
2
x −x
¿ f ( x )=
x ( x −1 ) x−1 4
5 x 2−¿4 x = = , x≠0 x≠ ¿
x ( 5 x−4 ) 5 x−4 5

¿ si ( 0<|x−0|< δ ) ∧ x ∈ Df =R− 0 , { 45 }→(|5x−1

x−4 4 | )
1
− <ε

|5x−1 − | y |x−0| .
x−4 4
1

|5x−1 − |= ∨x−0∨
x−4 4 4
1 1 1
|5 x−4|
|x−0|<δ
1
¿ M > 0 ,tal que < M , Para Ello
|5 x−4|
1 4 2 1 1
t δ 1 < | 0− | = ∧ δ1 < | 0−0|=
2 5 5 2 2
2 2 1 2
δ 1= , puesto que < en consecuencia , de|x−0|<δ ≤ δ 1=
5 5 2 5
2
|x−0|<
5
−2 2
< x−0<
5 5
¿
1 1 1
< <
6 5 x−4 2

Hacer :
1 1
< =M , porque 1=max
|5 x−4| 2 {| | | |}
1 1
6 2
,
¿
1 1
|x−0|< δ
|5 x−4| 2
1 1 1
¿− |x−0|< δ
4 |5 x−4| 8
− |
x −1 1
5 x−4 4
− <ε |
1
¿ δ=ε → δ =ε 8 , escogemos δ=min , ε 8
8 { }
2
5
¿
 34 . lim (
−2+3 x−x 2
2
x →1 2 x −5 x +3 )
=−1 x ≠ 1 x ≠
3
2
−2+3 x−x 2 −( x−1) ( x−2 ) −( x−2 ) 3
¿ f ( x )= 2 = = , x≠1x ≠
2 x −5 x +3 (x−1) ( 2 x −3 ) ( 2 x−3 ) 2
¿
3
si ( 0<| x−1|<δ ) ∧ x ∈ D f =R− 1 , →
2 { } (|
( x−2 )
( 2 x−3 ) | )
−1 <ε

| ( x−2 )
( 2 x−3 ) |
−1 | x−1|.

| ( x−2 )
( 2 x−3 ) |
−1 = ¿ x−1∨
1
|2 x−3|
|x−1|<δ
1
¿ M >0 , tal que < M , Para Ello
|2 x−3|
1 1 3 1
δ 1 < | 1−1 | = 0∧ δ 1 < | 1− |=
2 2 2 4
1
δ 1=0 , puesto que 0< en consecuencia , de|x−1|< δ ≤ δ 1=0
4
Deducimos :|x−1|<0
−0< x−1< 0
x <1
¿
1
−1<
2 x−3
1
Hacer : <1=M , porque1=max {|1|,|1|}
|2 x−3|
¿
−1
|x−1|< δ
|2 x−3|
¿
− |
( x−2 )
( 2 x−3 )
−1 < ε |
¿: δ =ε → δ=ε , escogemos δ =min { 0 , ε }
¿

lim x 3−4 x 2+ 4 x
35. x→ 2
3 2
=2 , x ≠2 , x ≠ 1
x −5 x +8 x−4
 x ( x −4 x + 4 )
2 2
x 3−4 x 2 +4 x x ( x −2 ) x ( x−2 ) x
f ( x )= = = = =
x −5 x + 8 x−4 x −x −4 x + 4 x +4 x −4 ( x−1 ) ( x −4 x+ 4 ) ( x−1 ) ( x−2 )
3 2 3 2 2 2 2
x−1

∀ ε >0 ; ∃ δ>0 ; tal que :

0<| x−2|<δ ⇒
δ 1=
1
2
x
x+ 1 |
−2 <ε |
| |
−1 1 x−2 ( x +1 )
<x −2< <ε OBs :|x−2|< δ 2δ
2 2 OBs :
x +1 5
3 5 1 2
| |
<x< x−2 x−2 < 5 δ
2 2 <ε |x +1| 5 δ=
2
5 7 x +1 |x−2 |
< x+1< 2δ
| |
−x−2 < 1 5ε
2 2 <ε |x +1| 5 ∴ δ mín :{ 2 , 2 }
2 1 2 x+ L
< <
7 x+1 5 1x −21 1 < ε
1 2 | x+2|
<
|x +1| 5
lim x−2
36. x→ 2
|x|−2
=1 , x ≠ 2

0<| x−2|<δ ⇒ |−x−2

x−2
−1|< ε

δ 1=1
| x−2−(−x −2 )
−x−2
<ε |
−1< x−2<1 | x−2+
−x−2 |
x+ 2
<ε

1<x <3 |−x−2

2x
|<ε
1
2|x|⋅ <ε
|x−2|
1 ε
Obs: |x−2|< δ |x|⋅ <
| x−2| 2
|x|<3
|x−2||x|<3 δ

ε
Obs: 3 δ =
2
ε
δ=
6

{ ε6 }
∴ δ :min 1 ,
 lim 3 x−1
37. x→ 2
|x−1|
=5 , x ≠ 1

0<|x−2|< δ ⇒ |3x−1
x−1
−5|< ε

δ 1=
2 |
1 3 x−1−5 ( x−1 )
x−1
<ε |
−1
2
< x−2<
2 |
1 3 x−1−5 x +5
x−1
<ε | 1
<2
3
2
<x<
2 x−1|
5 −2+ 4
<ε | | x−1|
obs : |x−2|< δ =2 δ=
ε
2
1 3 2|x−2| ❑
< x−1< <ε |x−2 |
2 2 | x−1| <2 δ
2 1 1 |x−1 |
< < 22|x−2| <ε
3 |x −1| |x−1|
1 1 ε
<2|x−2| < ..∗1
|x−1| |x−1| 2
ε ε
¿ 2 δ= , δ = ∴ δ : min ,
2 4
1 ε
2 4 { }

lim x
5
38. | x→ 1
=1 , x ≠ ±
4 x−5| 4
0<| x−1|<δ Λ x ∈ Df − ± { 54 }⇒|−4 xx+5 −1|< ε
δ 1=1 |
x−(−4 x +5 )
−4 x +5
<ε |
−1< x−1<1
x+ 4 x−5
−4 x+5 | <ε |
0< x <2 |
5 x −5
−4 x +5
<ε |
5|x−1|
5< x+5< 7 <ε
4 |x+5|
1 1 1 1 ε
< < |x−1| <4 ..∗1
7 x+5 5 |x +5| 5
1 1
< ..∗2 ∴ δ :min {1,4 ε }
|x+ 5| 5
OBS :|x−1|< δ
1 1
<
|x +5| 5
|x−1| δ
<
|x +5| 5
δ 4ε
OBS : =
5 5
20 ε
δ= =4 ε
5
¿
¿
¿

Limites pág. (119 y 120)

lim ( x−1 ) √ 2−x 0
2. x→ 1 ¿ Indeterminado
x2 −1 0

lim ( x−1 ) √ 2−x

x→ 1
( x −1 )( x +1 )

lim
√ 2−¿ 1 = 1 ¿
x →1 1+ 1 2
3
lim x + x −2 0
3. x →1 ¿ indeterminado
x −x2 −x+1
3 0

lim ( x−1 ) ( x 2+ x +2 )
x→ 1

( x −1 )2 ( x+ 1 )

lim ( x 2 + x+ 2 )
x→ 1 4
= =∞
( x−1 ) ( x −1 ) 0
4. lim
x →1 ( 1
−
3
1−x 1−x 3 ¿
1
−
3
=
1−1 1−1 0
0
)
lim 1
x→ 1 3
−
1−x ( 1−x ) ( 12 + x + x 2 )
2
lim 1+ x+ x −3
x→1

( 1−x ) ( 12 + x + x 2 )
2
lim x + x−2
x →1

−( x−1 ) ( 12+ x + x 2 )
2
lim x +2 x−x−2
x →2

−( x−1 ) ( 12+ x + x 2 )

lim x ( x +2 ) −( x+2 )
x→ 1

− ( x −1 ) ( 11 + x + x 2)

lim ( x+ 2 )( x−1 )
x →1

−( x−1 ) ( 1+ x + x 2 )
lim ( x+ 2 )
x →1 1+2 −3
= =
=−1
−( 1+ x+ x ) −( 1+1+1 ) 3
2

5. lim
x →2 [ 1
2
− 2
1
x ( x−2 ) x −3 x +2 ]= 0
0 indeterminado

lim
x →2 [ 1
2
−
1
x ( x−2) ( x−2)(x−1) ]
lim
x →2 [ ( x−1 )−( x−2 ) x −1
2
x ( x−2 ) (x−1)
=
0
=∞
]
6. lim x →1 [ x +2
+
x−4
x −5 x +4 3 ( x −3 x+ 2 )
2 2
] =
0
0 indeterminado

lim x+ 2
x →1 x−4
2
+ 2
x −x−4 x + 4 3 x −x−2 x+ 2
lim x+ 2
x →1 x −4
+
x ( x−1 )−4 ( x−1 ) 3 ( x ( x −1 )−2 ( x−1 ) )

lim x+ 2
x →1 x−4
+
( x−1 )( x−4 ) 3 ( x−1 )( x−2 )
2
lim 3 ( x−2 ) ( x+2 ) + ( x−4 )
x→ 1

3 ( x−4 ) ( x−1 ) ( x −2 )

lim 3 ( x −4 ) + x −8 x +16
2 2

x→ 1
3 ( x−4 ) ( x−1 ) ( x −2 )
 3 x 2−12+ x 2−8 x+ 16
lim ⁡
x →1 3 ( x−4 ) ( x−1 ) ( x−2 )

2
lim 4 x + 4−8 x
x→ 1

3 ( x−4 )( x−1 ) ( x−2 )

2
lim 4 ( x−1 )
x →1

3 ( x−4 )( x−1 ) ( x−2 )

lim 4 x −4
x →1
2
3 x −18 x +24
lim 4 ( 1 )−4
x →1
2
=0
3 (1 ) −18 ( 1 ) +24

lim x m−1 0
7. x→ 1
, m, n ∈ Z
+ ¿¿ ¿ indeterminado
x −1
n 0

lim x m−1 0
x→ 1 ¿ Indeterminado
x −1n 0 “m” veces

lim x m−1m
x→ 1

x n −1n

lim ( x−1 ) ( x ) 1+1+ …+1+1 m

m−1 m−2 m −m
+x +⋯ x
x→ 1 ¿ =
( x−1 ) ( x n−1 + x n−2+ ⋯ x n−n ) 1+1+ …+1+1 n

“n” veces

lim √3 1+ x−√3 1−x 0

8. x→0 ¿ Indeterminado
x 0

lim √ 1+ x−√ 1−x ( √ ( 1+ x ) + √ ( 1+ x )( 1−x ) + √ (1−x) )

3 3 3 2 3 3 2

x→0

x (√ ( 1+ x )2+ √3 ( 1+ x )( 1−x ) + √(1−x)2 )

3 3

3 3
lim √3 1+ x −√3 1−x
x→ 0

x ( √ ( 1+ x ) + √( 1+ x ) ( 1−x )+ √(1−x )2)

3 2 3 3

lim 2 x
x→ 0 2
=
x ( √ ( 1+ x ) + √( 1+ x ) ( 1−x )+ √(1−x ) ) 3
3 2 3 3 2

lim √ x−1
n
1−1 0
9. x→ 1
, n , m∈ Z
+¿¿ ¿ = indeterminado
m 1−1 0
√ x−1
lim ( √ x−√ 1 )
n n

x→ 1
( √n x n−1 + √n x n−2+ …1n ) ( m√m m−1 + m√ m m−2+ …+1m )
( √ x− m√1 ) ( √ x + √ x + …+1 ) ( √ n + √ n +⋯+1 )
m m m −1 m m−2 m n n−1 n n−2 n
lim ( √ x − √1 )( m√ x m−1+ m√ x m−2 +… 1m )
n n n n
m
x→ 1 ¿
n
( m√ x m−m√ 1m )( √n x n−1 + √n x n−2+ …+1n )

lim √ 1+ x −√ 1−2 x
3 2 4
0
10. x→0 ¿ Indeterminado
2 0
x+x

lim √ 1+ x −√ 1−2 x
3 2 4
4
x→0 + √ 1−2 x
2
+
x+x x ( x +1 )

√3 1+ x 2−1 ⋅ √ ( 1+ x 2 ) + √1+ x 2 +1 + 1−√4 1−2 x ⋅ 1+ 4√1−2 x

3 2 3
lim ¿
√
x ( x+1 ) 3 ( 1+ x 2 )2+ √3 1+ x 2 +1 x ( x+1 ) 1+ √ 1+2 x
x →0 4

1−√ 1−2 x 1+ √ 1−2 x

2
lim ¿ x
⋅ +
x ( x+ 1 ) ⋅ √ ( 1+ x ) + √1+ x + 1 x ( x +1 ) ⋅1+ √ 1+2 x 1+ √ 1+2 x
x →0 3 42 3 2

lim x
x →0 1−1+2 x
+
√
( x+1 ) ⋅ ( 1+ x ) + √ 1+ x 2+ 1 x ( x +1 ) ⋅1 ⋅ ( 1+ √ 1+ 2 x ) ( 1+ √1+2 x )
3 3 2 2

0 2 1 1
+ =0+ =
1⋅ ( 1+1+1 ) 1 ⋅ ( 1+ 1 )( 1+1 ) 2 2

lim √ 7+ x −√ 3+ x
3 3 2
0
11. x→ 1 ¿ Indeterminado
x−1 0

lim √ 7+ x −2
3 3

x→ 1 2−√ 3+ x 2
+
x−1 x−1

lim √ 7+ x −2
3 3

x→ 1
⋅
√ ( 7+ x ) +2 √7+ x +2
3 3 2 3 3 2
+
2−√3+ x 2 2+ √ 3+ x 2
⋅
x−1 x−1 2+ √ 3+ x 2
2
3 √ ( 7+ x ) +2 √7+ x +2
3 3 3 2

3 3
lim x −1 2
x→ 1 1−x
+
√
( x−1 ) ⋅ ( 7+ x 3 ) +2 √ 7+ x 3+ 22 ( x −1 ) ⋅ 2+ √ 3+ x
3 2 3 2

lim ( x−1 ) ( x + x +1 )
2

x→ 1 ( x−1 )( x +1 )
−
√
( x−1 ) ⋅ ( 7+ x ) +2 √ 7+ x 3+ 22 ( x−1 ) ⋅2+ √ 3+ x
3 3 2 2 3

1+1+1 1+1
¿ −
4+ 4+ 4 2+2
 1 1 −1
¿ − =
4 2 4
20
lim ( x 2−x−2 )
12. x→ 2 0 Indeterminado
=
( x −12 x +16 )
3 10
0
20
lim ( x + x −2 ( x +1 ) )
2

x →2
10
( x ( x 2−16 ) +4 ( x + 4 ) )
20
lim ( x ( x+1 ) −2 ( x +1 ) )
x→ 2
10
( x ( x−4 ) ( x+ 4 )+ 4 ( x +4 ) )
20
lim ( ( x+ 1 )( x−2 ) )
x →2
10
( x ( x−4 ) ( x+ 4 )+ 4 ( x +4 ) )
20 20
lim ( x +1 ) + ( x−2 )
x →2
10
( ( x+ 4 ) ( x ( x−4 ) +4 ) )
20 20
lim ( x +1 ) ( x−2 )
x→ 2
10
( ( x +4 ) ( x−2 )2 )

20 20
lim ( x +1 ) ( x−2 )
x→ 2

( x+ 4 )( x−2 )20
20
lim ( x +1 ) ( 2+1 )20 320
()
20 10 10
3 3 3
x→ 2 ¿ = = = =
( x+ 4 )10 ( 2+ 4 )
10
6 10 10
2 ×3 10
2 10
2

2 n
lim x + x …+ x −n 0
13. x→ 1 = indeterminado
x−1 0

lim ( x−1 ) ( x + ⋯+ x−n )

n−1 n−2 n−3
+x +x
x→ 1
x−1
n( n+1)
lim 1+ 2+3+ … n=
x →1 2

lim x 100 −2 x +1 0
14. x→ 1 = indeterminado
50
x −2 x +1 0
lim x 100 −1100 −2 ( x−1 )
x→ 1

x 50−150 −2 ( x−1 )

lim ( x−1 ) ( x 99+ x 98 + x 97 +⋯+ x +1 ) −2 ( x−1 ) 100−2 98 49 1

x→ 1 ¿ = = =2
( x−1 ) ( x 49 + x 48+ x 47+ …+ x+1 ) −2 ( x−1 ) 50−2 48 24 24

lim √ 6−√3 x−1−√ 6+ √ 5 x −1

3

16. x→ 1 0 indeterminado
=
x−1 0

lim √ 6−√ 3 x +1−2 lim √ 6+ √ 5 x −1−√ 8

x→ 1 x →1
x+1 x +1

lim ( √ 6+ √ 5 x−1− √ 8 ) ( √ 6+ √ 5 x −1 + √6+ √ 5 x−1 . √ 8+ √ 8 )

2
lim ( √ 6−√ 3 x +1−2 )( √ 6−√ 3 x+ 1+ 2 )
3 3 3 3 3 3 2

x→ 1 x →1
−
( x−1 ) ( √ 6−√ 3 x+1+2 ) ( x −1 ) ( √6 + √ 5 x−1 + √ 6+ √5 x−1 . √3 8+ √3 8
3 2 3 2
)
lim 6− √ 3 x +1−4 lim 6+ √5 x−1−8
x →1 x→ 1
−
( x−1 ) ( √ 6−√ 3 x+1+2 ) ( x−1 ) (√3 6+ √5 x−12 + √3 6+ √ 5 x−1. √3 8+ √3 82 )

lim (2− √ 3 x +1)(2+ √ 3 x+ 1) lim (√ 5 x −1−2)( √ 5 x−1+2)

x →1 x →1
−
( x−1 ) ( √ 6−√ 3 x+1+2 ) (2+ √3 x +1) ( x−1 ) ( √ 6+ √ 5 x−12 + √3 6+ √ 5 x −1. √3 8+ √3 82 ) ( √5 x−1+2)
3

lim −3 ( x−1 ) lim 5 ( x−1 )

x→ 1 x →1
−
( x−1 ) ( √6−√ 3 x+1+2 ) ( 2+ √ 3 x+ 1 ) ( x−1 ) (√ 6+ √5 x−1 + √ 6+ √ 5 x−1. √3 8+ √3 82 ) ( √5 x−1+2 )
3 2 3

3 5 −3 5 −9−5 −14 −7
¿− − = − = = =
( 4 ) ( 4 ) ( 4+ 4+ 4 ) .4 16 48 48 48 24

lim √5 x−√4 x 0
18. x→ 1 = indeterminado
0
x−1 √
( √5 x−√4 x ) ( √5 x19 + √5 x 18 ⋅ √4 x+ √5 x 17 ⋅ 4√ x 2+ …+ √4 x 19)
lim
x →1 ( x−1 ) ( x + x ⋅ x + x ⋅ x +…+ x )
5 19 5 18 4 5 17 4 2 4 19
√ √ √ √ √ √ √
lim ( √ x −√ x ) ( √ x−1 )
5 204 20

x →1

( √ x −1 ) ⋅ ( √ x−1 ) ( √5 x + √5 x ⋅ √4 x + √5 x ⋅ √4 x +…+ 4√ x )
19 18 17 2 19

lim ( x −x ) ( √ x−1 )
4 5

x→ 1

x−1 ( √ x + √ x ⋅ √4 x + √5 x ⋅ √4 x + …+ √4 x )
5 19 5 18 17 2 19
 lim −x 4 ( x−1 ) ( √ x−1 )
x →1

( x−1 ) ( √ x + √ x ⋅ √4 x + √5 x ⋅ √4 x + …+ √4 x )
5 19 5 18 17 2 19

lim −x 4 ⋅ ( √ x−1 )
x→ 1 (−1 )4 ⋅ 0 0
= = =0
( √5 x19 + √5 x ⋅ √ x+ √5 x 17 ⋅ 4√ x 2+ …+ √4 x 19)
18 4 1+1+…+1 20

lim √ h2 +1+ √ 2 h2+ 1+ h2−2 0

5

19. h → 0 = indeterminado
3 0
h √ h+1−h

lim √ h +1−1
5 2

h→0
+ √ 2h 2+1−1 + h2
3 3 3
h ( √ h+1−1) h( √ h+1−1) h ( √ h+1−1)

) ( √5 h 2+1 + √5 h2 +1 + √5 h2+ 1 + √5 h2 +1+1 )

4 3 2
lim ( √ h + 1−1) ( √h+1 + √ h+1+1
5 2 3 2 3 2

h→0

(h √ h+1−1)( √ h+1 + √ h+1+1 ) ( √ h +1 + √ h +1 + √ h + 1 + √ h +1+1 )

3 3 2 3 2 5 2 4 5 2 3 5 2 2 5 2

lim ( √ h +1 −1 ) ( √ h+1 + √ h+ 1+ 1
5
5 2 5 3 2 3 2
)
h→ 0

h( √ h+1 −1 ) ( √ h +1 + √ h +1 + √ h +1 + √ h +1+ 1 )
3 3 3 5 2 4 5 2 3 5 2 2 5 2

lim (h +1−1) ( √ h+1 + √ h+1+1 )

2 3 2 3 2
h→ 0

h(h+1−1) ( √h +1 + √ h + 1 + √h +1 + √ h +1+1 )
5 2 4 5 2 3 5 2 2 5 2

lim h
2 3
( √ h+12 + √3 h+1+12 )
h →0

h ( √ h2 +14 +√5 h2 +13 +√5 h2 +12 +√5 h2+ 1+ 1)

2 5

lim ( √ h+1 + √ h+1+12 )

3 2 3

h →0 3
=
( √ h +1 + √h +1 + √ h +1 + √ h +1+1 )
5 2 4 5 2 3 5 2 2 5 2 5

lim ( √2 h2 +1−1 )( √2 h2 +1+1 ) ( √ h+1 + √ h+1+1 )

3 2 3

h→0

h ( √3 h+1−1 ) ( 2 √ h2 +1+1 ) ( √3 h+1 + √3 h+1+1 )

2

lim ( √2 h +1 −1 ) ( √3 h+12+ √3 h+ 1+ 1 )
2 2 2

h→0

h ( √ h+1 −1 ) ( 2 √h +1+1 )
3 3 3 2

lim 2 h
2 3
( √ h+12 + √3 h+1+1 )
h→0

h2 ( 2 √ h2 +1+1 )

lim 2 ( √ h+1 + √ h+1+1 )

3 2 3

h→0 6
= =2
( 2 √h +1+1 ) 2 3

lim h2
h→ 0
3
h( √ h+1−1)
lim h
h→0
3
√ h+1−1
 lim h ( √ h+1 + √ h+1+1 )
3 2 3

h→ 0

( √ h+1−1 ) ( √3 h+12 + √3 h+1+1 )

3

lim h ( √h+ 1 + √h+1+1 )

3 2 3

h→0

( √3 h+13−13 )
2
lim √h+ 1 + √ h+1+1 = 3
3 3

h→ 0

3 33
∑ de las ecuaciones: +2+3=
5 5

lim f (−2+ h )−f (−2 )

1 ¿ 0 indeterminado
( )
2
20. h→0
, f ( 1−2 x )= x+
h 2 0

( )
2
1
f ( 1−2 x )= x +
2

( )
f ( 1−2 x )=
2 x +1 2
2

( )
f ( 1−2 x )=
−2 x−1 2
−2
( (
f 1−2 x = ) )1−2 x−2 2
−2

( )
2
h−2
f ( h )=
−2

f ( h )= ( )
2−h 2
2

lim f (−2+ h )−f (−2 )

h→0
h

lim ¿ ¿
h→ 0

2 2
lim ( 4−h ) −( 16 )
h→0
4h
2
lim −8 h+ h
h→0
4h

lim h (−8+h)
h→0
4h

lim −8+ h
h→0 −8
= =−2
4 4

Problemas trigonométricos (pag 128)

 x
1. lim ( x−π ) tg = 0 indeterminado
x→ π 2
x−π →0
h→0
h=x−π
x=h+ π

lim ⁡(¿ h → 0 h)⋅tg ( h2 + π2 )

h π
tg +lg
2 2
lim h .
h→ 0 h π
1⋅tg ⋅tg
2 2
h
lim h ⋅ sen
h→0 2
h
cos
2
d h
lim h ⋅ sen
h → 0 dx 2
d h
. cos
dx 2
h
cos
2
lim sⅇn h +h ⋅
h→0 2
2
h
−Sⅇn
2
2
h
lim 2 sⅇ n h +h ⋅cos
h→0 2
2
2
h
−sⅇn
2
2
h
lim 2 sⅇ n h +h ⋅cos
h→0 2
2
sⅇ n h
2

lim 2 . sen
h→0
( 12 ⋅ h)+ ( h−h ) cos ( 12 ⋅h)
sⅇn ( ⋅ ḣ)
1
2
= -2

π
2.lim ( x −1 ) sec
2
x = 0 indeterminado
x →1 2
 ( x+1)(x−1)
lim
x →1 π
sen (x−1)
2
π 2
−( x+1) (x−1)
2 π
lim
x →1 π
sen ( x−1)
2
2 −4
lim −( x +1) ¿
x →1 π π

π
(
3. limπ tg2 x ⋅tg 4 −x = 0 indeterminado
x→
4
)
( x− π4 ) →0
h→0
π
h=x+
4
π
x=h+
4

( π4 )⋅ Tg ( π4 −h− Π4 )
lim Tg2 h+
h→ 0

lim Tg2 ( h+ ) . Tg (−h )

π
h→ 0 4

lim 2 Tg (h+ )
Π
h →0 4
⋅Tg (−h )

[ 4]
1− T g ( h+ )
π 2

( )
π
Tgh+Tg
4
lim 2
h→0 π
1−Tgh ⋅Tg
4

[ ]
2
⋅Tg (−h )
π
Tgh+Tg
4
1−
π
1−Tgh ⋅ Tg
4

lim −2Tgh ⋅
( 1−Tgh
Tgh+1
)
2
h→ 0 ( Tgh+ 1 )
1− 2
(1−Tgh )
 Tgh+1
1−Tgh
lim −2Tgh ⋅ 2
h→ 0 T g h+1+2 Tgh
1−
( 1−2 Tgh+ T g2 h )
Tgh+1
1−Tgh
lim −2Tgh ⋅ 2 2
h→ 0 1−2 Tgh+T g h−T g h−1−2Tgh
( 1−Tgh )2
Tgh+ 1
1−Tgh
lim −2Tgh ⋅
h→ 0 −4 Tgh
( 1−Tgh )2

(Tgh+1 ) ( 1−Tgh )2
lim −2Tgh ⋅
h→ 0 ( 1−Tgh ) (−4 Tgh )
(Tgh+1 ) ( 1−Tgh )
lim −2Tgh ⋅
h→ 0 −4 Tgh
lim 1
h→0
⋅ ( 1+Tgh ) ( 1−Tgh )
2
lim 1
⋅ ( 1 −T g h )
h→0 2 2
2
1
¿ ( 1−0 )
2
1
¿
2

lim √3−2cos x
π
4. x → 6 0 indeterminado
=
6 x−π 0
π
x→
6
h→0
π
h=x−
6
π
x=h+
6
lim √ 3−2cos h+
h→0
( π6 )
( π6 )−π
6 h+

π
√ 3−cos(h+ )
6
lim
h→ 0
6 h+( π6 )−π
lim
√ 3−cos(h)cos ( π6 )−sen (h)sen( π6 )
6 ( h+ )−π
h→ 0 π
6

√ 3−cos ( h ) √ −sen( h)sen ( )

3 1
2 2
lim
h→ 0 π
6 (h+ )
6
−√ 3− √ 3 sen (h)
√ 3− √ −
3 sen (h)
2 2 =
√ 3
2
lim
h→ 0 6h 6h

[ √3+ sen (h)] 2 √ 3−[ √ 3+ sen(h)]

√3− =
2 2
6h 6h

√3−√ 3 x sen (h) = 1

6 h 6

sin x 1+cos x
lim + −4 0
5. x→
π 1+cos x sin = indeterminado
6 0
π −6 x
π π π
x− → 0 x− =h x=h+ h → 0
6 6 6
2 2
sen x +1+2 cosx +cos x
−4
( 1+cosx ) × senx
lim
x→
π π−6 x
6

2 ×(1+ cosx) 2
−4 −4
( 1+cosx ) × senx senx
lim =lim
x→
π π−6 x x→
π π −6 x
6 6

2 2
−4 −4
π π π
sen (h+ ) senh × cos +sen × cosh
6 6 6
lim =lim
h→ 0 π h→0 −6 h
π−6 (h+ )
6
 2
−4
senh × cos 30 °+ sen 30 ° ×cosh
lim
h→ 0 −6 h

2 2
−4 −4
senh ×
√ 3 1
+ ×cosh
√3 senh +cosh
2 2 2
lim =lim
h→ 0 −6 h h→ 0 −6 h
4 4−4 √ 3 senh−4 cosh
−4
lim
√3 senh+cosh =lim √ 3 senh+ cosh
h→ 0 −6 h h →0 −6 h
lim 4 ×(1−cosh )−4 √3 senh
4−4 √ 3 senh−4 cosh h →0
lim =
h→ 0 6( √ 3 senh +cosh) 6 ×( √3 senh+cosh )

4 ( 1−cosh ) × h ( 4 √3 senh ) ×h
lim −
h→0 h h −4 √ 3× h
=lim

( ( √3 senhh ) ×h +cosh )
h → 0 −6 h ( √ 3 h+cosh )
6

2 √3 2 √3 2 √3 2 √3
lim =lim = =
h→ 0 3 ( h √ 3+cosh ) h→ 0 3 ( h √ 3+cosh ) 3 ( 0 √3+ cos 0 ) 3
2
lim ( sin x +cos x +1 )
6. x → π 0 indeterminado
=
x−π 0
2 [ sen ( x ) +1 ] [ cos ( x )+ 1]
x−π →0 lim
h→ 0 x−π
2 [ sen ( h+ π )+1 ] [cos ( h+π )+ 1]
h→0 lim
h→ 0 h+ π −π
2 [ senhcosπ +senπcosh+1 ] [coshcosπ −sen ( h ) senπ +1]
h=x−π lim
h→ 0 h
2 [ 1−sen ( h ) ] [1−cos ( h ) ]
x=h+ π lim =0
h→ 0 h
lim 2 sin x +cos x−1
x→π 0
7. sec x +tg x ( cos x−1 ) −1 = 0 indeterminado
x−π
2 sen ( h+ π )+ cos ( h+ π )−1
x−π →0 sec ( h+ π ) +tg ( h+ π ) ( cos ( h+ π )−1 ) −1
lim
h→ 0 h
 2 sen ( h ) cos π +cos π sen ( h )+ cos ( h ) cos π−sen ( h ) sen π
1 tg ( h ) +tgπ
h→0 + ( cos ( h ) cos π−sen ( h ) senπ−1 ) −1
cos (h+ π ) 1−tg ( h ) tgπ
lim
h→ 0 h
−3 sen ( h ) −cos ⁡(h)
−1+ sen( h)
h=x−π (−cos ⁡(h))−1
cos ⁡(h)
lim
h→ 0 h
−3 sen ( h )−cos ⁡(h)
x=h+ π −sen (h)
lim
h→ 0 h
−3 sen ( 0 )−cos ⁡( 0)
lim =1
h→ 0 −1

se cx Tgx 4 2 4 x
lim − + sin x +2cos x −cos x−2 Tg
8. x → π2 cos x cotgx 2
0 indeterminado
=
2 x−π 0
1

2 2 4 4 2 x
lim sec x−tg x+ sⅇ n x−cos x +2 cos x−2 tg
x→
π 2
6
2 x−π
lim 1+ ¿ ¿ ¿
π
x→
6

2 2 2 x
lim 1−cos x+ sen x +2 cos x −2tg
x→
π 2
6
1
2 x−π
2
sen x 1

2 2 x
lim 2( sen x+ cos x−tg )
x→
π 2
6
2 x−π
π π π
x→ →0 h= x - x= h+
6 2 2
h
lim 2¿ ¿
h→ 0
lim 2¿ ¿
h→ 0

( ) ( )
h h h
1+tg
1−tg −1−tg
2 2 2
lim 2(1− ) lim 2
h→0 h = h→0 h
1−tg 1−tg
2 2
2h 2h
h lim −1
lim −4 tg −1
h →0 2 h →0
= =−1
= h 1
h h
2.2 (1. tg ) 1−tg 2
2 2
1
2
( cos2 x−sin2 x )
lim 4 4
+2 sin2 x−tg x
9. x cos x −sin x indeterminado
x→
4 0
=
π−4 x 0

( x → π4 )→ 0
π
h+ =x
4
1−tgx
lim ⁡
x→
π π−4 x
4

1−tg(45+ h)
π−4 h−π

1− ( 1−tg
1+tgh
h)

1−tg h−1−tgh
1−tgh
1−
4h
−2 tgh
1−
−4 h(1−tgh)
1
1−
(
2 1−
4 gh
h )
1
=
2 ( 1−0 )
1
=
2

( )
x
cos x−tg
x 8 0
10. lim ( x−2 π ) tg + = indeterminado
x→ 2 π 4 x 0
−π
2
x→ 2 π

h = x→−2 π

x = h+2 π

cos ( h+2 π )−tg ( h8 + 28π )

h+tg ( h+24 π )+ h+2 π
−π
2

(
cos h−tg 45+
π
)
h−tg 90+ ( h
4)+
h
+ π−π
8

( )
h
1+tg
8
cos h−
h
1−tg
8
( h
h . Ctg . +
4 ) h
2
h h
cos h−cos h . tg −1−tg
8 8
-4 +
h
2
−(1−cos h)
h
h −tg ¿ ¿
8
2
1−cos h
-4 -
4
3 – cos h
1+ cos h
-(4 + )
4
2
-(4 + )
4
1
-(4 + )
2
9
=-
2