Professional Documents
Culture Documents
IGC 2 Element 4 New Syllabus
IGC 2 Element 4 New Syllabus
Unit IGC2
© RRC Training
Learning Outcomes
On completion of this element, you should be able to
demonstrate understanding of the content through the
application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar
situations. In particular you should be able to:
© RRC Training
Types of Work Equipment
© RRC Training
Group Discussion Point
• Work equipment should only be used
by certain persons.
© RRC Training
Restriction of Use
• Work Equipment use restricted to
trained and competent operators
• Highly specialised equipment
• Range of hazards
© RRC Training
Information, Instruction &
Training
• Workers
– low risk – reading instructions
– high risk – formal training, check effectiveness
• Management of operators
• Maintenance staff
– specific information, instruction
and training
– minimise risk
– understand maintenance requirements
© RRC Training
Maintenance, Inspection &
Testing
Maintenance Conditions
• Planned preventive maintenance (PPM)
– e.g. oil change
– scheduled at regular intervals
• Condition-based maintenance
– e.g. vehicle break pads
– following routine inspection
• Breakdown maintenance
– emergency repairs
© RRC Training
Maintenance Risk
• Guards and enclosures removed
• Safety devices removed or disabled
• Power sources exposed
• Stored power released, e.g.
compressed spring
• Access awkward
• Manual handling heavy parts
• Additional hazards, e.g. power tools
© RRC Training
Maintenance Precautions
• Safe system of work (see IGC Unit 1) to include:
• Competent staff
• Power sources isolated/locked off
• Stored power released or secured or:
– cover live parts with insulating material
– use additional PPE
• If dangerous moving parts are accessed:
– run at very slow speed
– fit purpose-made maintenance guards
• Precautions for safe access
• Use manual handling aids
© RRC Training
Statutory Inspections
• Some equipment must be inspected by
law
• Lifting equipment
• Pressure systems
© RRC Training
Equipment Controls
Controls should be:
• Well designed, easy to use
• Suitably located
• Easily identifiable
• In good working order
• Compliant with relevant standards
• Emergency stops:
– Buttons
– Pull cords
© RRC Training
Environmental Factors
• Equipment should be:
– stable
– controls appropriately marked
– have appropriate warning signs
• Lighting should be:
– adequate
– suitable (note "strobe" effect)
– environmentally suitable
• Space should be adequate
© RRC Training
Operators
Operators should:
• Only operate equipment authorised to use
• Follow instruction and training
• Only use equipment for its intended purpose
• Carry out safety checks before use
• Not use equipment if it is unsafe
• Report defects immediately
• Not use equipment under the influence of
drugs or alcohol
• Keep equipment clean and in safe order
© RRC Training
End of Section Quiz
1. Work equipment must be “suitable” –
what should you consider when
deciding which equipment is
“suitable”?
2. What is an emergency stop? Where
should emergency stop controls be
located?
© RRC Training
Unit IGC 2
Element 4.2
© RRC Training
Hand Tools
• Include:
• Chisel
• Hammer
• Screwdriver
• Axe
© RRC Training
Group Syndicate Exercise
•Discuss what accidents can occur with
hand held tools
and
•how the tools may become damaged.
© RRC Training
Hazards of Hand-Held Tools
• Tool may shatter
• Handle may come loose
• Tool may be blunt requiring
excessive force
• Human error, e.g. hits thumb with
hammer
• Misuse, e.g. wrong tool for job
© RRC Training
Precautions
• Tools suitable for the task
• Information, instruction and training
• Visual inspection of tools
• Substandard tools maintained or
discarded
• Maintenance of tools
• Supervision of practices
© RRC Training
Hand-Held Portable Power Tools
Higher risk because:
• Forces are greater, meaning - potential for severe
injury
• Hazards associated with power tools:
– electricity
– fuel
– noise
– vibration
– dust
– ejection of materials
– trip hazards
© RRC Training
Controls for Safe Use of Power
Tools
• Careful selection
– task
– environment
• Instructions
– manufacturer's instructions
– in-house rules
• Training and information, competence
• Supervision
• Routinely inspected
• Regular maintenance
© RRC Training
Further Controls
• Tools used for intended purpose
• Guards and safety devices in place
• PPE used
• Power cables controlled
• Ejected parts controlled, e.g. secured work area
• Control of:
– noise
– dust
– vibration
– petrol
– electrical equipment
© RRC Training
End of Section Quiz
1. What hazards can arise from the use
of a hammer?
2. Suggest controls to reduce the risk of
injury when using hammers.
3. What hazards can arise from the use
of a portable mains powered drill?
4. Suggest controls to reduce the risk of
injury when using drills.
© RRC Training
Unit IGC 2
Element 4.3
Machinery Hazards
© RRC Training
Mechanical and Non-Mechanical
Hazards
Mechanical hazards
• Contact with or being caught
up in moving parts
Non-Mechanical hazards
• From power source or things
being emitted by the machine
© RRC Training
Mechanical Hazards
• Crushing
• Shearing
• Cutting or severing
• Entanglement
• Drawing in or trapping
• Impact
• Stabbing or puncture
• Friction or abrasion
• High pressure fluid injection
© RRC Training
Crushing
© RRC Training
Shearing
© RRC Training
Cutting or Severing
© RRC Training
Entanglement
© RRC Training
Drawing in or Trapping
© RRC Training
Impact
© RRC Training
Stabbing or Puncture
© RRC Training
Friction or Abrasion
© RRC Training
High Pressure Fluid Injection
• Injuries caused by liquids released
under pressure
• May have small entry wound but travel
through tissue
© RRC Training
Group Syndicate Exercise
What are the non-mechanical hazards
which are associated with machinery?
© RRC Training
Non-Mechanical Hazards
• Electricity
• Noise
• Vibration
• Hazardous substances
• Ionising radiation
• Non-ionising radiation
• Extreme temperatures
• Ergonomics
• Slips, trips and falls
• Fire and explosion
© RRC Training
End of Section Quiz
1. Identify the
mechanical hazards
© RRC Training
Unit IGC 2
Element 4.4
© RRC Training
Machinery Guards, etc.
• Fixed guards
• Interlocked guards
• Adjustable/self-adjusting guards
• Trip devices
• Protective Devices
• Two-handed controls
• Protective appliances
• Emergency stop controls
• Personal protective equipment
• Information, instruction, training and supervision
© RRC Training
F.I.A.T
•Fixed
• Interlocked
• Adjustable/self adjusting
• Trip
© RRC Training
Fixed Guards
• Completely prevent access to dangerous
parts of machinery
• Are fixed in place
• Require a tool for removal
– limitations
© RRC Training
Interlocked Guards
Guard open:
• Power to the machine is disabled when
the guard is open and it will not operate
until the guard is in place
Guard closed:
• The guard is locked shut until the
machine has returned to a safe condition
• The act of opening the guard stops the
dangerous parts of the machinery and
disables power
© RRC Training
Interlocked Guards
Limitations
• Can bypass the system
• Person may gain access by closing the
guard around them
• Needs rule to be enforced
© RRC Training
Interlocked Guard
© RRC Training
Adjustable/Self-Adjusting
Guards
Used when it is not possible to
prevent access to dangerous
parts
• Adjustable guard
– Set manually to a range of positions
by the operator
• Self-adjusting guard
– Usually spring-loaded to adjust
itself to the workpiece
– Requires no adjustment by the
operator
• Limitations
© RRC Training
Trip Devices
• Not a physical barrier
• Use sensors to detect presence
of operator and stop the machine
• They include:
– pressure mats
– trip bars
– photo-electric devices
• Limitations??
© RRC Training
Two-Hand Controls
• Designed to protect the
operator's hands
– controls should be more
than a hand span apart
– must activate at the same
time
– (within 0.5s of each other)
– releasing controls must
stop the machine
immediately
• Limitations??
© RRC Training
Protective Appliances
• Designed to keep operators’ hands away
from danger
• Include:
– Push-sticks
– Jigs
– Clamps
© RRC Training
Emergency Stop Controls
• Should bring the machine to a safe stop as
quickly as possible
• Machine can only be restarted using the
reset button
• Release of the button should not restart the
machine
– limitations
© RRC Training
Requirements for Guards
© RRC Training
Basic Characteristics of a Guard
or Safety Device
• Suitable for intended purpose
• Adequate strength
• Meets relevant standards
• Compatible with machine operation
• Not easy to defeat
• Maintained, not rough or sharp
• Allow maintenance without removal
• Doesn’t increase overall risk
© RRC Training
Specific Equipment
Office machinery: Retail machinery:
• Photocopier • Compactor
• Document shredder • Checkout conveyor
system
Manufacturing
machinery: Construction
• Bench top grinder machinery:
• Pedestal drill • Cement mixer
• Bench mounted
Agricultural machinery: circular saw
• Cylinder mower
• Strimmer
• Chainsaw
© RRC Training
Group Syndicate Exercise
Chose one of the ‘specific machines’ and
outline:
• The hazards (mechanical and non-
mechanical) and
• Control measures
© RRC Training
Office Machinery
Photocopier Document shredder
© RRC Training
Manufacturing Machinery
Bench top grinder Pedestal drill
© RRC Training
Agricultural Machinery
Chainsaw
Mower
Strimmer
© RRC Training
Retail Machinery
Compactor, conveyor belt
© RRC Training
Construction Machinery
Bench Mounted Circular saw
Cement mixer
© RRC Training
End of Section Quiz
• Identify the types of guards and
protective devices
© RRC Training
End of Section Quiz
• Identify the types of guards and
protective devices
© RRC Training
End of Section Quiz
• Identify the types of guards and
protective devices
© RRC Training