Monistic systems view international and municipal law as one legal system while dualistic systems view them as separate. The transformation doctrine requires international law to be incorporated into municipal law before it applies domestically. The adoption doctrine treats valid international law as automatically part of domestic law. The harmonization doctrine interprets domestic law consistent with international obligations. The restricted automatic doctrine treats some international law as directly applicable without national act. Opinions of jurists can contribute to international custom as evidence of a general practice accepted as law.
Monistic systems view international and municipal law as one legal system while dualistic systems view them as separate. The transformation doctrine requires international law to be incorporated into municipal law before it applies domestically. The adoption doctrine treats valid international law as automatically part of domestic law. The harmonization doctrine interprets domestic law consistent with international obligations. The restricted automatic doctrine treats some international law as directly applicable without national act. Opinions of jurists can contribute to international custom as evidence of a general practice accepted as law.
Monistic systems view international and municipal law as one legal system while dualistic systems view them as separate. The transformation doctrine requires international law to be incorporated into municipal law before it applies domestically. The adoption doctrine treats valid international law as automatically part of domestic law. The harmonization doctrine interprets domestic law consistent with international obligations. The restricted automatic doctrine treats some international law as directly applicable without national act. Opinions of jurists can contribute to international custom as evidence of a general practice accepted as law.