Law of Babylon, Greece and Rome

 Eye for an eye and tooth for a tooth

 Lex Talionis meaning in English ( The Law of Retaliation
 Equitable retribution to offend party or receive same injury or compensation

Early 19th Century in England

 English Magistrate release youthful offender for a possible reformation in community but if the
condition of release is violated they will be brought back.

Mathew Davenport Hill

 Father of Probation in England

 He introduced the following beliefs in relations to offenders:

 Individuals are not fully corrupt
 There is reasonable hope of reformation of offenders
 If adults were the chance as guardiance of young convicts, they will be kind enough to take
charge of the latters

John Augustus

 First Official Probation Officer

 Father of Probation in USA
 Other says “ World’s Father of Probation”
 Pre sentence investigation

Edward Savage

 Boston Police
 American first paid Probation Officer in 1878

Gardner Tuff

 Director of Massachusetts Board of State Charities

 Suggest to Legislative to appoint Probation Officer on the city of Boston

Massachusetts

 First State to enact a probation law on April 21, 1878

 under the administration, of Governor Alexander H. Rice.

Vermont

 Second State to enact a general probation law, known as The Vermont Act of 1898.
 First to adopt a COUNTY PLAN, where each country court was required to appoint a probation
officer whose duty was to investigate the accused at the request of any court.

Rhode island
  Third state to have a general type of probation law and it was known as the ACT of 1899.
 The Act of 1899 empowered the Board appoint of the State Charities and corrections to appoint
a State probation officer and additional probation officers, one of whom shall be a women.

March 4 1925

 United States had the First Federal Probation Act when President Calvin Collidge singed it into
Law.

Act 4221

 Probation was first introduced in the Philippines during the American Colonial Period (1898-
1945) with the enactment of Act No. 4221 of the Philippine Legislature on August 7, 1935.

 On November 16, 1937, the Supreme Court declared it unconstitutional in the case of People of
the Philippines vs. Vera.

Retribution

 Punishment is imposed on the offenders order for the society to vent its anger toward
vengeance upon the criminal.