SABAHI ARFAN BIN SHAMSUL IRWAN

2020832708

EC1105G

NORMADIANA BINTI MOHD HANAPI

INTRODUCTION
Giving an estimate of the project's material costs is one of the key components of a project
proposal. The taking-off process and the creation of the Bill of Quantities are the two
procedures used to determine the projected cost of the materials. A taking-off sheet is a
particular ruled piece of paper that is used throughout the process of measuring from drawings
and recording all dimensions in a recognized format. We can determine the quantity of
materials required for our project through this procedure. The bill of quantities, on the other
hand, is a document that includes a schedule of the tasks to be completed in accordance with
the contract, together with quantities and unit cost rates entered against each task. We may
get the cost or complete pricing from this paper.
The assignment is about calculating the amount of materials needed and the total cost of
construction of the beams (A/1-2) and (B/2-4). The dimensions of the beam is in figure 1.0
below.

The dimensions of the beams 200 x 450(A/1-2) and 200 x 400 (B/2-4). The reinforcement
used in the beams are 2T16(A/1-2),2T16(B/2-4) bottom reinforcement and 2T12(B/2-4) top
reinforcement. The links specification for the beams are R10-200(A/1-2) and R10-250(B/2-4).
The Grade of concrete used in this project is Grade 30 and the thickness of the formworks is
38mm and the nominal concrete cover is 25mm.

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BASIC CONCEPTS

1) Concrete Volume
beam A/ 1-2

1/ 11.70 Length 11.5

0.2 add (+) (2) (1/2) column
0.45 (+) (2) (1/2) (0.2) 0.2
1.05 11.70

beam B/ 2-4
1/ 11.2 Length 11
0.2 add (+) (2) (1/2) column
0.4 (+) (2) (1/2) (0.2) 0.2
0.90 11.2

1.95
The table above shows the taking off for both beams. The total concrete required is 1.95m^3

2) Formwork
Beam A/ 1-2
1/
11.7 i) Outer
0.45 Length 11.5
add (+)(2) (1/2) column 0.2
5.27 11.7

ii) inner
1/ 11.3 Length 11.5
0.45 Less (-) (2) (1/2) Column
5.09 (-) (2) (1/2) (0.2) 0.2
11.3

beam B/ 2-4
i) Outer
1/ 11.2 Length 11
0.4 add (+)(2) (1/2) column 0.2
4.48 (+) (2)(1/2) (0.2) 11.2

ii) Inner
1/ 10.8 Length 11
0.4 Less (-) (2)(1/2) Column
4.32 (-) (2)(1/2) (0.2) 0.2
10.8
19.16
The total formwork that is required is 19.16m^2

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 3) Reinforcement
Beam A/1-2
i) Top & Bottom reinforcement 2T16
2/ Length 11.7
2/ 11.826 Less (-) (2) Cover
47.304 (-) (2) (0.025) 0.05
Add (+) (2) Bend (5.5D)
(+) (2) (5.5) (0.016) 0.176
11.826

Beam B/2-4
iii) Top reinforcement 2T12
2/ 11.762 Length 11.2
23.524 Less(-) (2) Cover
(-) (2) (0.025) 0.05
Add (+) (2) Bend (5.5D)
(+) (2) (5.5) (0.012) 0.132
Add (+) Lapping (40D)
(+) (40) (0.012) 0.48
11.762

iv) Botton reinforcement

2T16
2/ Length 11.2
11.966 Less (-) (2) Cover
23.932 (-) (2) (0.025) 0.05
Add (+) (2) Bend (5.5D)
(+) (2) (5.5) (0.016) 0.176
Add (+) Lapping (40D)
(+) (40) (0.016) 0.64
11.966

Links (A/1-2)(R10-200 c/c)

58/ 1.34 Length 0.45

77.72 Less (-) (2) Cover
(-) (2) (0.025) 0.05
0.4
(2) (0.4) 0.8

Length 0.2
Less (-) (2) Cover
(-) (2) (0.025) 0.05
0.15
(2) (0.15) 0.3

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 (+) (2) Hook (12D)
(+) (2) (12) (0.01) 0.24

0.8
0.3
0.24
Total length 1.34

No. of R10
11.3/0.2 + 1(FOS) 57.5
Total of R10 58

Links(B/2-4)(R10-250)

44/ Length 0.4

1.24 Less (-) (2) Cover
54.56 (-) (2) (0.025) 0.05
0.35
(2) (0.35) 0.7

Length 0.2
Less (-) (2) Cover
(-) (2) (0.025) 0.05
0.15
2(0.15) 0.3

(+) (2) Hook (12D)

(+) (2) (12) (0.01) 0.24

0.7
0.3
0.24
total length 1.24

No. of R10
(10.8/0.25) + 1(FOS) 44.2
Total of R10 44

The total T12 that is required is 23.524m

The total T16 that is required is 71.236m
The total R10 that is required is 132.28m

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METHOD

Beam A/1-2

Figure 2.0 Drawing Beam A/1-2

The side elevation view and the cross-sectional area of the beam A/1-2

5
Beam B/2-4

Figure 3.0 Drawing Beam B/2-4

The side elevation view and the cross-sectional area of the beam B/2-4.

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ANALYSIS OF RESULTS

No. Description Unit Quantity Unit rates(RM) Amount(RM)

1 Concrete Works (Grade 30) m^3 1.95 255 497.25
2 Formworks m^2 19.16 50 958
3 Reinforcement 2T16 Kg 112.4 2.66 298.984
4 Reinforcement 2T12 Kg 21 2.81 59.01
5 Links(R10-200) Kg 81.55 2.81 229.1555
Total Amount= 2042.3995

The cost of the construction for the 2 beams, each material is calculated, and the total amount
comes out to RM2042.40 . The steels are converted from meter to kg using the formula Pi(r^2)
x length(m) x density of steel (7850kg/m^3).
Unit Conversion from m to kg :
T12: 23.524 m = 20.88 kg
T16: 71.236 m = 112.4 kg
R10: 132.18 m = 81.5 kg

DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION

The total quantity of each material required for the project is estimated using the taking-off
procedure described above. Based on it, 1.949 m3 of Grade 30 concrete is required overall,
19.16 m2 of formwork (38 mm thick), 20.88 kg of T12 reinforcing steel, 112.46 kilogramme of
T16 reinforcement bar, and 81.49 kg of R10 link.
The total amount produced through the taking-off procedure is then used in the bill of quantities
to determine the project's projected cost of completion. Therefore, we can infer that the total
cost is RM2160.68 from the bill of quantities above.
Two recalculations are performed on the data obtained from the taking-off procedure and the
bill of quantities in order to catch any errors and produce an accurate result.

REFERENCES

• PRICES OF BUILDING MATERIALS (6 Sep 2022)

http://quantitysurveyoronline.com.my/materials-prices.html
• Appendix Test 1 ECM 366 December 2022 UITM Jengka

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APPENDIX

Steel bar price:

Concrete price:

Formwork Price: