PAKISTAN TODAY

THE TEXTILE CHAIN

Over view.
A complete textile value chain exists in the Pakistan this textile sector in Pakistan has a
great impact on the economy, contributing 60% to the country’s exports. We are 8th
largest exporter of textile commodities in Asia and. This sector contributes 8.5 percent
to our total GDP. This sector employs about 45% of the total labor force. This Industry
having 11.3 million spindles, 3 million rotors, 350,000 power looms, 18,000 knitting
machines and processing capacity of 5.2 billion square meters. Having almost 700,000
industrial and domestic stitching machines. And 21 filament yarn units with capacity of
100,000 tons. We have abundance of raw material which is huge advantage for us. We
can produce goods at an efficient cost as compared to competitor countries due to
cheap labor or having a good location for exports. Many global brands work in Pakistan
and work with the local textiles mills such as, Levis, Nike, Adidas, and Puma etc.

Textile Chain process.

Textile chain starts from Ginning that adds value by separating cotton from seed and
impurities. Then spinning that adds value to cotton by converting into a new product i.e.
transformation from ginned cotton into cotton yarn and all the later value added
processes of weaving, knitting, processing, garments and made-ups manufacturing are
dependent upon it. After spinning, weaving process starts which turns yarns into cloth,
after weaving raw cloth goes for dyeing and finishing process then the finished fabric go
for garments stitching and at last garments are the final product.

Factor of Production
Cotton is an economic asset for Pakistan, this natural fiber primarily used as a raw
material. In final report of Pakistan Cotton Ginners Association (PCGA) showing cotton
production for the year 2019 cotton equal to 10.777 million bales reached ginneries
across Pakistan. Punjab were recorded over 6.628 million bales and over 4 bales in
Sindh. Just 117,852 bales of cotton were produced in Baluchistan. We are 4th largest
producer and 3rd largest consumer of it. It is purely a fiber crop and known by "King
Cotton" and "white gold". mainly used as a raw material in yarn manufacturing but due
to growing demand for yarn and fabrics has shifted the source of raw material towards
the manmade fiber in Pakistan. Have currently at 74% cotton and 26% manmade fiber.

Ginning.
Process of separating cotton from seed and impurities is called ginning. as we are
Leading producers of cotton and having 56 % current market share of cotton in all fibers.
Textile fibers are divided into 3 basic categories according to their sources such as cotton
fiber, manmade fiber and wool. Having 1221 ginning factories which working in the
country. Present our Ginning industry having more than 1 million bales installed capacity
in a single shift base and capacity of around 20 million bales on 3 shift bases.

Spinning
The process of converting fibers into yarn is known as spinning. this process is beginning
of the Textile chain after ginning, all textile value added processes are dependent upon
it, we have 3rd largest spinning capacity in Asia after China and India and contributes 5%
to the worlds and 7.6% in Asia. Have 442 spinning units consists of 11.3 million spindles,
3 million rotors which produce textile, the fibers maybe natural fibers such as cotton or
manmade fibers such as polyester. Sometimes, it is also used for production of
manmade yarn. And the final product of spinning is always yarn.

Weaving
Process which turns yarns into cloth is known as weaving this sector is one of the most
main textile sub sectors. Weaving is done on the machine known as loom. the loom is
controlled by the computer. Having more than 350,000 power looms all over Pakistan.
That sector provides Employ over 300,000 Human Resource directly and around 1
Million Skilled and Unskilled HR indirectly. This sub sector generated foreign exchange
revenue by exports worth around $4 billion annually. Which is being achieved directly or
indirectly.

Dyeing and Finishing.

Dyeing process involved dipping a fiber, yarn or fabric in a color pigment to change its
color. And to formulate and match colors with accuracy Computers are used in dyeing
processes. In textile finishing bring up to the processes that convert the woven or knitted
cloth into a usable product and this process is more specifically to any process
performed after dyeing the yarn or fabric to improve the look, performance, or feel of
the finish product or clothing.
Garments
Garments is one of the important small-scale industry in Pakistan. The ready-made
Garments and Product have great demand in Pakistan and Abroad. This industry is also
known as good source of employment to a large number of people at a low Capital
investment, Machines for manufacturing are imported mostly but are also made locally
and assembled. The readymade garments also give an advancement towards higher
value addition in textile chain. For example: In spinning, weaving and finishing, 50,000
kilograms of cotton fiber gives 400 jobs. The same amount of cotton gives 1600 jobs
opportunity in Garments industry. Pakistan Economic survey analyzed by Gallup Pakistan
in 2018-2019, the largest export of Pakistan was the textile industry with hosiery and
ready-made garments including 544 billion rupees to total trade.

References
https://invest.gov.pk/sites/default/files/inline-files/Textiles.pdf

https HYPERLINK "https://www.pbc.org.pk/research/pakistans-readymade-garments-

sector-challenges-and-opportunities/"://www.pbc.org.pk/research/pakistans-
readymade-garments-sector-challenges-and-opportunities HYPERLINK
"https://www.pbc.org.pk/research/pakistans-readymade-garments-sector-challenges-
and-opportunities/"/

https://www.pcga.org/cotton-news HYPERLINK "https://www.pcga.org/cotton-news/"/

https:// HYPERLINK
"https://www.textileinfomedia.com/business/pakistan/fibre"www.textileinfomedia.com
/business/pakistan/fibre

http://www.textile.gov.pk HYPERLINK "http://www.textile.gov.pk/"/

http://pwma.com.pk/

https:// HYPERLINK "https://www.pcga.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/01-March-

2020.pdf"www.pcga.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/01-March-2020.pdf

https://nation.com.pk/04-Jun-2019/pak-cotton-production-at-10-7m-bales