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Parabola
23 Nov Parabola

24 Nov Ellipse and Hyperbola

25 Nov 3D | Mathematical Reasoning

28 Nov Limits and Derivatives

29 Nov Statistics

30 Nov Probability
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Q. Choose the correct statement about two
circles whose equations are given below:
x2 + y2 - 10x - 10y + 41 = 0
x2 + y2 - 22x - 10y + 137 = 0
JEE Main 2021 18 Mar Shift I

A Circles have same centre

B Circles have no meeting point

Circles have only one meeting

C point
Circles have two meeting
D
points
Q. Choose the correct statement about two
circles whose equations are given below:
x2 + y2 - 10x - 10y + 41 = 0
x2 + y2 - 22x - 10y + 137 = 0
Q. Choose the correct statement about two
circles whose equations are given below:
x2 + y2 - 10x - 10y + 41 = 0
x2 + y2 - 22x - 10y + 137 = 0
Solution
Q. Choose the correct statement about two
circles whose equations are given below:
x2 + y2 - 10x - 10y + 41 = 0
x2 + y2 - 22x - 10y + 137 = 0
JEE Main 2021 18 Mar Shift I

A Circles have same centre

B Circles have no meeting point

Circles have only one meeting

C point
Circles have two meeting
D
points
GENERAL TERMINOLOGY OF PARABOLA

Axis of parabola: The line passing through the

focus & perpendicular to the directrix is called
the axis of parabola.

y
M y2 = 4ax
Axis; y = 0

x
N A
GENERAL TERMINOLOGY OF PARABOLA

Vertex: A point of intersection of a parabola

with axis of parabola is called a Vertex.

y
M y2 = 4ax

x
N A vertex (0, 0)
GENERAL TERMINOLOGY OF PARABOLA

Double Ordinate: A chord of the parabola

perpendicular to the axis of the symmetry is
called a double ordinate.

y
M
y2 = 4ax

x
N A
GENERAL TERMINOLOGY OF PARABOLA

Focal Chord: A chord of the parabola, which

passes through the focus is called a Focal
chord.

y
M
y2 = 4ax

Focal Chord
x
N A (a, 0)
GENERAL TERMINOLOGY OF PARABOLA

Latus Rectum: A double ordinate passing

through the focus or a focal chord
perpendicular to the axis of parabola is called
the Latus rectum.
y
M y2 = 4ax

Latus rectum

x
N A (a, 0)
GENERAL TERMINOLOGY OF PARABOLA

Ends of Latus Rectum: Intersection point of

latus rectum and parabola is called ends of
latus rectum. For parabola y2 = 4ax,
ends of the latus rectum are (a, 2a) & (a, -2a).

y
M y2 = 4ax

Latus rectum

x
N A (a, 0)

(a, -2a)
GENERAL TERMINOLOGY OF PARABOLA

Length of Latus Rectum: Distance between

ends of latus rectum is called length of latus
rectum.
Length of the latus rectum = 4a.

y
M y2 = 4ax

Latus rectum
length = 4a
x
N A (a, 0)

(a, -2a)
GENERAL TERMINOLOGY OF PARABOLA

Focal distance/Focal Radii: The distance of a

point P on the parabola from the focus is called
the Focal distance of the point and is equal to
the distance of point P from the directrix.

M y
P y2 = 4ax

focal radius

x
N A S (a, 0)
GENERAL TERMINOLOGY OF PARABOLA

Note
(i) Perpendicular distance from focus to
directrix = half the latusrectum.

(ii) Vertex is middle point of the focus & the

point of intersection of directrix & axis.

(iii) Point of intersection of axis and directrix is

called foot of directrix.

(iv) Two parabolas are said to be equal if they

have the same latus rectum.
 FOUR STANDARD PARABOLAS (a>0)

y y

x-a=0
x+a=0 P

x
x S(-a, 0) A
N A S(a, 0)

D D

y2 = 4ax y2 = -4ax
 FOUR STANDARD PARABOLAS (a>0)

y y
y-a=0 N
D

S(0, a) A
x

x S(0, -a)
A

y+a=0 D
N

y2 = 4ax x2 = -4ay
SHIFTED PARABOLA

In case the vertex of the parabola is not origin,

then its equation can be taken as :

(a) x = ay2 + by + c, its axis is parallel to x-axis

convertible into the form
(y-β)2 = 4a(x-α).

(b) y = ax2 + bx + c, its axis is parallel to y-axis

convertible into the form
(x-α)2 = 4a (y-β).
 GENERAL TERMINOLOGY OF PARABOLA

Length
Ends of Focal
Parabola Vertex Focus Axis Directrix of Latus
Latus rectum length
rectum

y2 = 4ax (0,0) (a,0) y=0 x=-a 4a (a,±2a) x+a

y2 = -4ax (0,0) (-a,0) y=0 x=a 4a (-a,±2a) x-a

x2 = 4ay (0,0) (0,a) x=0 y=-a 4a (±2a,a) y+a

x2 = -4ay (0,0) (0,-a) x=0 y=a 4a (±2a,-a) y-a

(y-k)2 = 4a(x-h) (h,k) (h+a,k) y=k x+a-h=0 4a (h+a,k±2a) x-h+a

(x-p)2 = 4b(y-q) (p,q) (p,b+q) x=p y+b-q=0 4b (p±2a,q+a) y-q+b

POSITION OF A POINT W.R.T.
PARABOLA
Let P(x, y) be the equation of parabola then to
find the position of point (x1, y1)
(a) Make the coefficient of x2 and y2 non-
negative.

(b) If P(x1, y1) < 0 ⇒ Point lies inside the

parabola.

(b) If P(x1, y1) > 0 ⇒ Point lies outside the

parabola.
 PARAMETRIC COORDINATES

Parabola Parametric Coordinates

(a) y2 = 4ax (at2, 2at)

(b) y2 = -4ax (-at2, 2at)

(c) x2 = 4ay (2at, at2)

(d) x2 = -4ay (2at, -at2)

(e) (y - 𝛃)2 = 4a(x - 𝝰) (𝝰 + at2, 𝛃 + 2at)

(f) (x - 𝝰)2 = 4a(y - 𝛃) (𝝰 + 2at, 𝛃 + at2)

PROGRESSION

Point Form
Equation of tangent to the given parabola at its
point (x1, y1) is yy1 = 2a(x + x1).
PROGRESSION

Slope Form
Equation of tangent to the given parabola
whose slope is ‘m’, is

Point of contact is
PROGRESSION

Parametric Form
Equation of tangent to the given parabola at its
point P(t), is ty = x + at2.

Note:

Point of intersection of the tangents at the

point t1 & t2 is [at1t2, a(t1 + t2)].
NORMAL TO THE PARABOLA y2=4ax

Point Form
Equation of normal to the given parabola at its
point (x1, y1) is
NORMAL TO THE PARABOLA y2 = 4ax

Slope Form
Equation of normal to the given parabola whose
slope is ‘m’, is
y = mx - 2am - am3
foot of the normal is (am2, -2am).
NORMAL TO THE PARABOLA y2 = 4ax

Parametric Form
Equation of normal to the given parabola at its
point P(t), is y + tx = 2at + at3 .
NORMAL TO THE PARABOLA y2 = 4ax

Note
(i) Point of intersection of normals at t1 & t2 is
(a(t21 + t22 + t1t2 + 2), -at1t2(t1 + t2)).
(ii) If the normal to the parabola y2 = 4ax at the
point t1, meets the parabola again at
the point t2, then
 TRANSFORMED EQUATION OF
TANGENT AND NORMAL

Equations of tangent of all other parabolas in slope form

Equation of Point of contact Equation of Condition of

parabolas in terms of tangent in Tangency
slope (m) terms of slope
(m)

y2 = 4ax

a → -a
x↔y y2 = -4ax
m → 1/m

a → -a x2 = 4ax (2am, am2) y = mx - am2 c = -am2

x2 = -4ax (-2am, -am2) y = mx + am2 c = am2

 TRANSFORMED EQUATION OF
TANGENT AND NORMAL
Equations of normal, point of contact, and condition of normality in terms of
slope (m)

Equations of Point of contact Equations of normal in Condition of

parabola in terms of terms of slope (m) normality
slope (m)

y2 = 4ax (am2, -2am) y = mx - 2am - am3 c = -2am - am3

a → -a
x↔y y2 = -4ax (-am2, 2am) y = mx + 2am + am3 c = 2am + am3

m → 1/m x2 = 4ax

a → -a
x2 = -4ax
COMMON TANGENTS TO TWO CONICS

(i) Take the equation of tangents in slope(m)

from of both the curves.
(ii) Due to common tangent both equations are
same so equate the ratio of the coefficients
& solve for ‘m’.
(iii) Put the value of m in the equation & find the
equation of common tangent.
(iv) If tangent of a curve is normal to second
curve then again proceed in similar way.
PAIR OF TANGENTS

The equation of the pair of tangents which can

be drawn from any point P(x1, y1) outside the
parabola to the parabola
y2 = 4ax is given by: SS1 = T2

where:
S ≡ y2 - 4ax;

S1 ≡ y12 - 4ax1;

T ≡ yy1 - 2a(x + x1).

CHORD OF CONTACT

Equation of the chord of contact of tangent

drawn from a point P(x1, y1) is
yy1 = 2a(x, x1).

Which is T=0.
CHORD OF CONTACT

Note

The area of the triangle formed by the tangents

from the point (x1, y1) & the chord of contact is

also note that the chord of contact exists only if

the point P is not inside.
CHORD WITH A GIVEN MIDDLE POINT

Equation of the chord of the parabola

y2 = 4ax whose middle point is (x1, y1) is

This reduced to T = S1
where
T ≡ yy1 - 2a(x + x1) & S1 ≡ y12 - 4ax1.
 IMPORTANT HIGHLIGHTS

● The area of the triangle formed by three

points on a parabola is twice the area of
the triangle formed by the tangents at
P these points.

A Δ1 = 2Δ2
Δ1
x
Δ2
B Q

C
 IMPORTANT HIGHLIGHTS

● The portion of a tangent to a parabola cut

off between the directrix & the curve
subtends a right angle at the focus.
P
M

S
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Q. The locus of the mid-point of the line
segment joining the focus of the parabola
y2 = 4ax to a moving point of the parabola, is
another parabola whose directrix is:
JEE Main 2021 24 Feb Shift I

A x=a

B x=0

D
Q. The locus of the mid-point of the line
segment joining the focus of the parabola
y2 = 4ax to a moving point of the parabola, is
another parabola whose directrix is:
Q. The locus of the mid-point of the line
segment joining the focus of the parabola
y2 = 4ax to a moving point of the parabola, is
another parabola whose directrix is:
Solution
Q. The locus of the mid-point of the line
segment joining the focus of the parabola
y2 = 4ax to a moving point of the parabola, is
another parabola whose directrix is:
JEE Main 2021 24 Feb Shift I

A x=a

B x=0

D
Q. The locus of a point which divides the line
segment joining the point (0, -1) and a point on
the parabola, x2 = 4y, internally in the ratio 1 : 2,
is
JEE Main 2020 08 July Shift I

A 9x2 = 3y + 2

B 9x2 = 12y + 8

C 9y2 = 12y + 8

D 9y2 = 3x + 2
Q. The locus of a point which divides the line
segment joining the point (0, -1) and a point on
the parabola, x2 = 4y, internally in the ratio 1 : 2,
is
Q. The locus of a point which divides the line
segment joining the point (0, -1) and a point on
the parabola, x2 = 4y, internally in the ratio 1 : 2,
is
Solution
Q. The locus of a point which divides the line
segment joining the point (0, -1) and a point on
the parabola, x2 = 4y, internally in the ratio 1 : 2,
is
JEE Main 2020 08 July Shift I

A 9x2 = 3y + 2

B 9x2 = 12y + 8

C 9y2 = 12y + 8

D 9y2 = 3x + 2
Q. If the equation of the parabola, whose
vertex is at (5, 4) and the directrix is
3x + y - 29 = 0, is x2 + ay2 + bxy + cx + dy + k =
0 then a + b + c + d + k is equal to
JEE Main 2022 27 June Shift II

A 575

B -575

C 576

D -576
Q. If the equation of the parabola, whose
vertex is at (5, 4) and the directrix is
3x + y - 29 = 0, is x2 + ay2 + bxy + cx + dy + k =
0 then a + b + c + d + k is equal to
Q. If the equation of the parabola, whose
vertex is at (5, 4) and the directrix is
3x + y - 29 = 0, is x2 + ay2 + bxy + cx + dy + k =
0 then a + b + c + d + k is equal to
Solution
Q. If the equation of the parabola, whose
vertex is at (5, 4) and the directrix is
3x + y - 29 = 0, is x2 + ay2 + bxy + cx + dy + k =
0 then a + b + c + d + k is equal to
JEE Main 2022 27 June Shift II

A 575

B -575

C 576

D -576
Q. The equation of a tangent to the parabola,
x2 = 8y, which makes an angle 𝜃 with the
positive direction of x-axis, is:
JEE Main 2019 12 Jan Shift II

A y = x tan𝜃 + 2 cot𝜃

B y = x tan𝜃 - 2 cot𝜃

C x = y cot𝜃 + 2 tan𝜃

D x = y cot𝜃 - 2 tan𝜃
Q. The equation of a tangent to the parabola,
x2 = 8y, which makes an angle 𝜃 with the
positive direction of x-axis, is:
Q. The equation of a tangent to the parabola,
x2 = 8y, which makes an angle 𝜃 with the
positive direction of x-axis, is:
Solution
Q. The equation of a tangent to the parabola,
x2 = 8y, which makes an angle 𝜃 with the
positive direction of x-axis, is:
JEE Main 2019 12 Jan Shift II

A y = x tan𝜃 + 2 cot𝜃

B y = x tan𝜃 - 2 cot𝜃

C x = y cot𝜃 + 2 tan𝜃

D x = y cot𝜃 - 2 tan𝜃
Q. If y = mx + 4 is a tangent to both the
parabolas y2 = 4x and x2 = 2by. Then value of
b is
JEE Main 2020 07 Jan Shift I

A -64

B -32

C -128

D 16
Q. If y = mx + 4 is a tangent to both the
parabolas y2 = 4x and x2 = 2by. Then value of
b is
Q. If y = mx + 4 is a tangent to both the
parabolas y2 = 4x and x2 = 2by. Then value of
b is
Solution
Q. If y = mx + 4 is a tangent to both the
parabolas y2 = 4x and x2 = 2by. Then value of
b is
JEE Main 2020 07 Jan Shift I

A -64

B -32

C -128

D 16
Q. The rea (in sq. units) of an equilateral triangle
inscribed in the parabola y2 = 8x, with one of its
vertices on the vertex of this parabola, is:

JEE Main 2020 02 Sep Shift II

D
Q. The rea (in sq. units) of an equilateral triangle
inscribed in the parabola y2 = 8x, with one of its
vertices on the vertex of this parabola, is:
Q. The rea (in sq. units) of an equilateral triangle
inscribed in the parabola y2 = 8x, with one of its
vertices on the vertex of this parabola, is:
Solution
Q. The rea (in sq. units) of an equilateral triangle
inscribed in the parabola y2 = 8x, with one of its
vertices on the vertex of this parabola, is:

JEE Main 2020 02 Sep Shift II

D
Q. Axis of a parabola lies along x-axis. If its
vertex and focus are at distance 2 and 4
respectively from the origin, on the positive x-
axis then which of the following points does not
lie on itssss?
JEE Main 2019 09 Jan Shift I

B (8, 6)

D (4, -4)
Q. Axis of a parabola lies along x-axis. If its
vertex and focus are at distance 2 and 4
respectively from the origin, on the positive x-
axis then which of the following points does not
lie on itssss?
Q. Axis of a parabola lies along x-axis. If its
vertex and focus are at distance 2 and 4
respectively from the origin, on the positive x-
axis then which of the following points does not
lie on itssss?
Solution
Q. Axis of a parabola lies along x-axis. If its
vertex and focus are at distance 2 and 4
respectively from the origin, on the positive x-
axis then which of the following points does not
lie on itssss?
JEE Main 2019 09 Jan Shift I

B (8, 6)

D (4, -4)
Q. Let y = mx + c, m > 0 be the focal chord of
y2 = - 64x, which is tangent to (x + 10)2 + y2 =
4 Then, the value of is equal to.
JEE Main 2021 20 July Shift I
Q. Let y = mx + c, m > 0 be the focal chord of
y2 = - 64x, which is tangent to (x + 10)2 + y2 =
4 Then, the value of is equal to.
Q. Let y = mx + c, m > 0 be the focal chord of
y2 = - 64x, which is tangent to (x + 10)2 + y2 =
4 Then, the value of is equal to.
Solution
Q. Let the tangent to the parabola S : y2 = 2x
at the point P(2, 2) meet the x-axis at Q and
normal at it meet the parabola S at the point
R. Then the area (in sq. units) of the triangle
PQR is equal to:
JEE Main 2021 20 July Shift I

D 25
Q. Let the tangent to the parabola S : y2 = 2x
at the point P(2, 2) meet the x-axis at Q and
normal at it meet the parabola S at the point
R. Then the area (in sq. units) of the triangle
PQR is equal to:
Q. Let the tangent to the parabola S : y2 = 2x
at the point P(2, 2) meet the x-axis at Q and
normal at it meet the parabola S at the point
R. Then the area (in sq. units) of the triangle
PQR is equal to:
Solution
Q. Let the tangent to the parabola S : y2 = 2x
at the point P(2, 2) meet the x-axis at Q and
normal at it meet the parabola S at the point
R. Then the area (in sq. units) of the triangle
PQR is equal to:
JEE Main 2021 20 July Shift I

D 25
Q. Let the normal at the point P on the
parabola y2 = 6x pass through the point
(5, -8). If the tangent at P to the parabola
intersects its directrix at the point Q, then the
ordinate of the point Q is:
JEE Main 2022 26 June Shift I

A -3

D -2
Q. Let the normal at the point P on the
parabola y2 = 6x pass through the point
(5, -8). If the tangent at P to the parabola
intersects its directrix at the point Q, then the
ordinate of the point Q is:
Q. Let the normal at the point P on the
parabola y2 = 6x pass through the point
(5, -8). If the tangent at P to the parabola
intersects its directrix at the point Q, then the
ordinate of the point Q is:
Solution
Q. Let the normal at the point P on the
parabola y2 = 6x pass through the point
(5, -8). If the tangent at P to the parabola
intersects its directrix at the point Q, then the
ordinate of the point Q is:
JEE Main 2022 26 June Shift I

A -3

D -2
Q. Let P(a, b) be a point on the parabola
y2 = 8x such that the tangent at P passes
through the centre of the circle
x2 + y2 - 10x - 14y + 65 = 0. Let A be the
product of all possible values of a and B be
the product of all possible values of b. Then
the value of A + B is equal to:

A 0 B 25

C 40 D 65
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8th Jan 2020-(Shift 1)