TABLES AND FIGURES

Tables
1.1 An ideal type of three dominant orientations in the area
or productivity 13
1.2 Pearson correlations between means and ends 17
7.1 Thirty-seven common barriers to productivity
improvement in local government 84
9.1 Effectiveness ratings of management tools in 1987 and
1993 (percentage rating as very effective) 129
18.1 The relative performance of municipal and contract
collection since the introduction of competition
between the public and private sectors 256
18.2 Changes in municipal productivity since the introduction
of public versus private competition 259
24.1 Selected initial results from cycle 1,
trained observer survey 352
24.2 Effectiveness measures 354

Figures
2.1 A capacity-building framework 27
6.1 Generating a value-based decision structure 70
6.2 Blueprint for the future 71
6.3 Illustration of value-based decision making 72
6.4 Division of rehabilitation and crippled children service
client support 77
8.1 Commonly used management techniques 103
8.2 Management technique dysfunctions 104
9.1 Use of management tools in 1993 126
9.2 Use of traditional tools over time 128

XI