GREAT WRITING 4: Great Essays

ANSWER KEY

Unit 1 Exploring the Essay 6. A. Urb

Urban
an::
1.  The streets reflect this hectic pace and are rarely empty,
even late at night.
ELEMENTS OF GREAT WRITING
2. City dweller
dwellerss appear
appear toto be racing to get somewh
somewhereere
Activity 1, page 6 important.
1. The purpose
purpose is to classify
classify different
different types
types of shopping
shopping.. 3. Life for
for them tend
tendss to be a series
series of dead
deadline
lines.
s.
2. 5; 1; 5; 2–
2–44 B. Rural:
3. in-pers
in-p erson,
on, online,
online, third-p
third-part
artyy 1. Even d during
uring peak hours,
hours, traffic jams occur
occur less
less often
often
than in a city.
4. In fact,
fact, there are
are now three
three main
main kinds
kinds of shopping:
shopping:
in-person, online, and third-party. 2. Stores close in in the early evenin
evening,g, and the streets
streets do not
come alive until the next morning.
5. in-pe
in-persrson
on shoppin
shopping g
3. The people
people inin small
small towns
towns or villag
villages
es seem
seem more
6. shoppers
shoppe rs lining
lining up at
at cash
cash registers
registers relaxed and move in a more leisurely way.
7. People whowho use third-par
third-party
ty shoppers
shoppers tend to have a more
more 7. An
Answ
swer
erss will
will vary
vary..
generous budget as they must pay for the convenience of 
not having to look for anything, either in person or online. Activity 4, page 15
8. There are shoppin
shopping g options
options for everyo
everyone.
ne. Private non-profit 4-year colleges
1.

Activity 2, page 8 2. public two-year community colleges; approximately

1. The purpose
purpose is to show
show ways
ways to reduce
reduce the risk
risk of cancer.
cancer. $35,000
3. Possible answer: Housing may cost less because there  are
2. By eating
eating better,
better, exercising
exercising regularly,
regularly, and
and staying
staying out of the fewer dormitories to maintain; Food may cost less if  fewer
sun, people can reduce their risks of getting cancer. options are provided at meals; More students can  live at
3. The essay
essay will be organize
organized d by discussin
discussingg those three
three home while attending community colleges
methods to avoid cancer, in that order. 4.  The purpose is to offer a possible solution to the high cost  
4. These popular
popular foods
foods contain
contain large
large amounts of saturated
saturated of university study.
fat, which is one of the worst kinds of fat. … However, 5. Answers will vary. Suggested answers:
eating fatty foods can increase a person’s chances of  Topic: The Cost of University Studies
getting some kinds of cancer. … Instead, they now eat a lot
more processed foods that do not contain natural fiber. I. Introd
Introducti
uction
on (Parag
(Paragrap
raph
h 1)
Lack of fiber in a person’s diet can increase the chance of   Thesis statement: One such solution in the United States is
colon cancer. attending community college.
5. cutting back on the amount
amount of food they consume
consume andand
II. Body
exercising regularly
A. Paragr
Paragraph
aph 2 (PROBLEM):
(PROBLEM): Rising cost of universi
university
ty
6. Finally
Finally,, health officials
officials are
are concerned
concerned about
about the dramatic
dramatic
rise in the number of cases of skin cancer. study
7. Sugges
Suggested ted answer:
answer: Both
Both the introd
introduction
uction and
and the a. Tui
Tuition
tion for non
nonres
reside
idents
nts
conclusion discuss people becoming more informed about b. Ho
Hous
usin
ing
g an
andd bo
bookokss
the risk factors for cancer. Both suggest eating well, getting B. Paragraph
 Paragraph 3 topic: (SOLUTION) : Attending a
enough exercise, and limiting sun exposure. community college
8. An opinion.
opinion. Answers
Answers toto the second
second part
part will vary.
vary. a. Co
Cost
st of comm
commun unit
ityy colleg
collegee
b. Qu
Qual
ality
ity of ed
educ
ucat
ation
ion
Activity 3, page 12
c. Other servic
services:
es: parking
parking,, food,
food, health
health service
servicess
1. The purpose
purpose is
is to contrast
contrast urban
urban and
and rural
rural life.
III. Co
III. Concl
nclus
usion
ion
2. Perhap
Perhapss some of the most notable
notable differences
differences in the lives Restate thesis
of these two groups include the degree of friendliness  Opinion: Beginning at a community college is a perfect
Opinion:
between residents, the pace of life, and the variety of 
solution for students looking to continue on their
available activities.
educational path without going into tremendous debt.
3. urban
6. An
Answ
swer
erss will
will vary.
vary.
4. Suggested
Sugges ted is
paragraph anthe
answer:
swer: Thesentence,
The
topic first sentence
first sentewhich
nce ingives
each the
each bodmain
body
y 7. An
Answ
swer
erss will
will vary.
vary.
topic of the paragraph and the controlling idea. 8. An
Answ
swer
erss will
will vary.
vary.
5. Pa
Para
ragr
grap
aphh4
Activity 5, page 22
Answers will vary.
1
  

Activity 6, page 24 best obtain these items? Previously, there was one
technique—shopping in person. Today, however,
1. When one looks at this issue critically, however, it is clear consumers have various options, and can shop based
that advertising can benefit society in many ways. on their preferences.
2. indirect C.  Thesis statement: In fact, there are now three
3. Answers will vary. Possible answer: Advertising is beneficial main kinds of shopping: in-person, online, and
in terms of the size of the industry, its commitment to third-party.
creativity, and its fostering of public awareness. II. Body
Activity 7, page 24 A. Pa
Para
ragr
grap
aph
h2
1.  Topic sentence (Shopping type #1): When thinking
1. $200B
$200B in 201
2017;
7; $300B
$300B in 2020
2020
about shopping, the method that immediately
2. $18
$180B
0B in 2020
2020;; about
about the
the same
same
3. Poss
Possibl
ible
e answers
answers:: print,
print, radio
radio comes to mind is “in-person” shopping.
2. Supporting ideas
Activity 8, page 24 a. His
Histor
toryy of in-p
in-pers
erson
on shop
shoppin
pingg
Answers will vary. Possible answer: Which is harder, working in b. Des
Descrip
cription
tion of mall
mall shopp
shoppers
ers
business or working in sports? B. Pa
Para
ragr
grap
aphh3
1.  Topic sentence (Shopping type #2): With advances
Activity 9, page 26 in technology, online shopping has also become a
1.  These differences, however, pale in comparison to the  strong consumer option.
similarities shared by the two professions, for the main 
2. Su
Supp
ppor
ortin
ting
g id
idea
eass
functions of athletic team coaches and business managers 
are very closely related. a. Benefits to shoppers: Without leaving home,
can compare
2. It is indirect. There are no specific examples of the 
similarities in the thesis statement. (1) trends
3. Answers will vary. Possible answer: The similarities  (2)) av
(2 avai
aila
labi
bili
lity
ty
between team coaches' and business managers’ jobs  (3) price
 
include leading
representing their teams,
employees solving
to upper problems, and
management. (4) qualit ityy
b. Benefit to producers: can sell merchandise from
Activity 10, page 28 a warehouse
 Title: Shopping for Everyone c. Sa
Savin
vingg time
time andand en
ener
ergy
gy
I. Introd
Introduct
uction
ion (Para
(Paragra
graph
ph 1) C. Pa
Para
ragr
gra
aph 4
A. Hoo
Hook:k: Give
Give a few shop
shoppin
ping
g scenar
scenarios
ios 1.  Topic sentence (Shopping type #3): Finally, there
B. Co
Conn
nnect
ectining
g in
infor
forma
matio
tion
n are third-party personal shopping services, which
are used primarily in the clothing industry.
C.  Thesis statement: In fact, there are now three main
kinds of shopping: in-person, online, and third-party. 2. Su
Supp
ppor
ortin
ting
g id
idea
eass
II. Bod
Bodyy (Para
(Paragra
graphs
phs 2–4
2–4)) a. Steps
A. Paragraph 2 topic sentence: When thinking about (1) Fill out a shopping profile
shopping, the method that immediately comes to (2) Gui
Guidel
delines
ines follow
followed
ed by shoppi
shopping
ng servic
service
e
mind is “in-person” shopping. III.. Con
III Conclus
clusion
ion (Para
(Paragra
graph
ph 5)
B. Paragraph 3 topic sentence: With advances in A. Rev
Review
iew of the
the thr
three
ee typ
types
es
technology, online shopping has also become a strong B. Prediction: It is anyone's guess what the next shopping
consumer option.
experience might be.
C. Paragraph 4 topic sentence: Finally, there are third-
party personal shopping services, which are used
primarily in the clothing industry. BUILDING BETTER VOCABULARY
III.. Con
III Conclu
clusion
sion (Para
(Paragra
graph
ph 5) Activity 12, page 32
A. Re
Rest
stat
ateme
ement nt of
of thes
thesis
is
1. idea
B. Pr
Pred
edicicti
tion
on
2. disa
disadv
dvan
anta
tage
ge
Activity 11, page 29 3. belief 
 Title: Shopping for Everyone 4. poss
po ssib
ible
le
I. Introd
Introduct
uction
ion (Para
(Paragra
graph
ph 1) 5. rela
relate
ted
d to
to
A. Hook: A college student needs a new laptop. An 6. withou
outt
upcoming wedding requires people in the wedding 7. common
party to buy formal dresses. A boss asks her accountant 8. the
the situ
situat
atio
ion
n
for new computer software.
9. mu
mult ltip
iple
le
B. Connecting information: These are all everyday
1
  0.
0. li
likkely
purchases. The question is: How can the consumer

2  Great Writing 4: Great Essays

 

Activity 13, page 32 Unit 2 Cause-Effect

Cause-Ef fect Essays
1. have th
have thee mean
meanss to
2. crisis ELEMENTS OF GREAT WRITING
3. medediiate
Activity 1, page 40
4. tends to to
1. The purpose
purpose is to explain why peoplepeople lie.
5. lea
lead to
2. The fact
fact is that people
people lie for many reasons
reasons..
6. cou
co unt
ntle
less
ss
3. scen
scenar
ario
io
7. perm
pe rmananenentl
tlyy
4. These types
types of stories
stories show
show children
children that “honest
“honestyy is the
8. obtain best policy.” Still, if this is the case, then why do so many
9. crucia
iall people lie?
 10. roug
ro ughl
hlyy 5. Possib
Possible
le answer:
answer: a lie that
that is not
not harmful
harmful
Activity 14, page 33 6. A stranger
stranger calls while
while the
the parents
parents are
are out.
out.
7. An
Answ
swer
erss will
will vary
vary..
1. apprec
appr ecia
iatition
on
2. appr
ap prec
ecia
iatete Activity 2, page 43
3. ava
av ail
ilab
able
le 1. The purpose
purpose is to show
show the effects
effects that
that insomnia
insomnia can have
have
4. avai
av aila
labi
bili
lity
ty on the heart.
5. fund
fu ndame
ament ntal
allyly 2. in
indi
dire
rect
ct
6. fund
fu ndamamenentatall 3. Paragr
Paragraph
aph 2: For one,
one, insomnia
insomnia can cause
cause an increase
increase in
in
blood pressure, according to Dr. Alexandros …
7. prima
marry
8. prim
pr ima ari
rily
ly Paragraph 3: Insomnia is also suspected to cause a higher
heart rate.
9. risky
Paragraph 4: People who suffer from insomnia often
1
  0.
0. risk   make unhealthy lifestyle choices, and these choices can
affect heart health.
Activity 15, page 34
4. High blood
blood pressure
pressure can lead
lead to stroke,
stroke, heart
heart attack,
attack, or
Answers will vary. heart failure.
5. Pa
Para
ragr
grap
aphh4
BUILDING BETTER SENTENCE
SENTENCES
S 6. Howev
However,er, those
those individuals
individuals who suffer
suffer from
from chronic
chronic
insomnia are at a greater risk of heart problems.
Activity 16, page 34
1. family  families Activity 3, page 46
2. occurrence  occurred Topic: The causes of bullying behavior
3.  no error Answers will vary. Possible answers:
4. stability  stable I. A. Hook: How are bullies created?
5. historical  history B.  Thesis
  statement:
statem ent: Bullying
Bullying behav
behavior
ior can
can occur
occur for many
many
6.  no error reasons, some of which are the need for bullies to feel in
control, their lack of parental attention, and their spoiled
Activity 17, page 34 upbringing.
Answers will vary. II. A. Support 3: They want to be well
well known in school.
B. Paragraph
 Paragraph 3 (Cause 2) topic sentence: Their parents do
Activity 18, page 35 not give them the attention they need.
Answers will vary. Possible answers: C. Paragraph 4 (Cause 3) topic sentence: They are spoiled.

1. Washin
Washing g dishes
dishes is another
another household
household chore
chore that many
many III. Conclusion (Paragraph 5) (restated thesis): However one
people dislike. looks at bullying, the causes are very complex.
2. No one in the history
history class
class got an A on the
the final
final exam.
Topic: The effects of bullying on the victim
3. While the manager
manager waswas reviewing
reviewing her
her presentation,
presentation, her
her
assistant was setting up the technology in the conference Answers will vary. Possible answers:
room. I. A. Hook: Anyone who has ever been bullied knows how
terrible it feels.
WRITING II. A. Support 3: They They might skip school.
B. Support 2: They start suffering from depression.
Activity 19, page 36 C. Support 3: They may think about hurting themselves.
Answers will vary. III. Conclusion (Paragraph 5) (restated thesis): Bullying can
have serious repercussions on victims.

Answer Key 3
 

Activity 4, page 49 4. illust

illu stra
rate
te
Answers will vary. 5. impo
im port rtan
antt
6. inte
in tererest
sted
ed
Activity 5, page 52 7. reason
1. due to
to 8. a lit
litttle
2. As a res
resul
ultt of  9. a lot
3. Cons
Consequ
equen
ently
tly 10. transformation
4. As a re
resu
sult
lt Activity 11, page 58
5. beca
becaus
usee of 
1. fa
fami
mili
liar
ariz
ize
e
Activity 6, page 54
2. correl
corr elat
atio
ionn
1. The professor
professor asked
asked the studen
students
ts when they
they wanted
wanted to 3. main
ma inta
tain
in
take the final exam. 4. subs
su bsta
tant
ntia
iall
2. None of the
the employees
employees knows
knows when
when the new
new CEO will
will be 5. pose
chosen.
6. inap
inapprprop
opririat
ate
e
3. One benefit
benefit of an engineerin
engineeringg degree is that there
there are jobs
jobs
7. thrive
available.
8. fati
fatigu
gueded
4. How some people
people can easily
easily learn
learn foreign
foreign languages
languages while
while
others cannot is a mystery. 9. dist
distin
ingu
guisishh
5. Not everyone
everyone is convinced
convinced that
that the strategi
strategicc plan will work.
work.  1 0.
0. comp
co mpel elli
ling
ng

Activity 7, page 55 Activity 12, page 59

1. conseq
cons eque
uentntly
ly
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
2. cons
co nseq
eque
uencnce
e
1. His greatest accomplishment is that he climbed Mount Everest.
3. corr
co rrel
elat
ate
e
2. anyone
Does anyone
anknow
yone know
know the
what whedate
whenn theisfinal
fifor
nalthe
exam will
final be? / Does
be?
exam? 4. corr
co rrel
elat
atio
ion n
3. No one was interes
interested
ted in what
what the speaker
speaker had
had to say. 5. curr
cu rren
entl
tlyy
4. What we
we ate last night
night was
was disappoin
disappointing.
ting. 6. currrent
cu
5. She is still
still deciding
deciding what topic
topic to choose
choose for the project.
project. 7. impa
im pact
cted
ed
6. Hotel management is a career that has the potential
potential to grow. 8. impact
9. main
ma inta
tain
in
Activity 8, page 56
10..
10 main
ma inte
tena
nancnce
e
Rewritten paragraphs will vary. Wordy phrases:
Activity 13, page 60
1. In my
my opinio
opinion,n, I beli
believe
eve
2. for th
the
e purp
purpos osee of  Answers will vary.
3. mad
made e stateme
statements nts saying
saying that
that
BUILDING BETTER SENTENCE
SENTENCES
S
4. Des
Despit
pite
e the
the fact tha
thatt
5. whe
when n all
all is sai
said
d and
and done
done Activity 14, page 60
Activity 9, page 57 1. As a result
result of the rain,
rain, the game was
was postponed
postponed until
until next
week.
1. movies,
movie s, and
and fil
films
ms 2. Becaus
Because e he has taught
taught the class
class for twenty
twenty years,
years, he knows
knows
2. future
futu re life
life might
might be in 300
300 years
years the content well.
3. worlds
wor lds,, planets
planets,, and galaxi
galaxies
es 3. No one was aware
aware that
that the company’s
company’s stock
stock could rise so
4. unexpe
une xpected
cted sur
surpris
prise
e suddenly.
5. collabo
collaboratratee toge
togethe
therr 4. Her classmates
classmates wanted
wanted to know
know where
where she had
had learned
learned her
art skills.
6. untrue
unt rue and fictfictitio
itious
us
5. It is not surprisin
surprising
g that so many
many students
students are
are going into
into the
7. ordina
ord inary,
ry, eve
everyd
ryday
ay
biomedical engineering field.

BUILDING BETTER VOCABULARY Activity 15, page 61

Answers will vary. Possible answers:
Activity 10, page 58
1. The rumors
rumors about
about the new vice
vice president
president were
were mean and
and
1. fea
feature untrue.
2. result 2. The local high
high school
school graduation
graduation was
was postponed
postponed because
because
3. n o w of bad weather.

4  Great Writing 4: Great Essays

 

  3. The main entrance to the stadium is closed between 6:00 Activity 3, page 75
p.m. and midnight.
Wording will vary. Possible answers:
Activity 16, page 61  Title: Not as Different as One Would Think 
Answers will vary.   I. Introduction (Paragraph 1)
  A.  Hook: All countries are unique.
WRITING   B.  Connecting information: Different location, size,
language, government, climate, lifestyle
Activity 17, page 62   C.   Thesis statement: On the contrary, the two countries
Answers will vary. Possible answers: share many similarities.
  1.   They like the attention. They do not consider the   II. Body
consequences.   A.  Paragraph 2 (Similarity 1) topic sentence: One
  2.   They choose to do what they love. They choose the one important similarity between Brazil and the United
that will allow them to make the most money. States is their massive size.
  3.   They want to get a job in a different country. They want to   1.  Brazil’s characteristics
communicate with people from different cultures.   a.  Size: covers almost half of South America, land
  4.  Players learn the benefits of teamwork. Players stay mass of nearly 3.3 million square miles (8.5
healthy. million square kilometers)
  5.  Answers will vary.   b.   Travel: few Brazilians have traveled extensively
  6.  Answers will vary. in their country
  2. United States’ characteristics
Activities 18–22, pages 63–67   a.  Size: covers most of North America, extends
Answers will vary. from Atlantic to Pacific Oceans, 3.1 million
square miles (8 million square kilometers)
  b.   Travel: many people in the U.S. have not visited
UNIT 3 Comparison Essays much of their country
  B.  Paragraph 3 (Similarity 2) topic sentence: Another
ELEMENTS OF GREAT WRITING similarity between Brazil and the United States is the
diversity of the population.
Activity 1, page 71
  1.  Brazil
Answers will vary. Possible answers:   a. Colonized by Europeans
  1. The point-by-point method requires more paragraphs.   b.  Other ethnic groups
2. The block method is likely easier
easier to organize and write.   c. Indigenous people
3. As a reader, point-by-point is easier to follow.   2.  United States
Activity 2, page 72   a.  Native Americans
  b.  Northern Europe
Prereading:
  c. Slaves from Africa
Answers will vary.
  d.  Later immigrants from Mediterranean
Postreading:
  e. Immigrants from Asia
  1. The purpose is to show the similarities between Brazil and
the United States.   f. Immigrants from S America
  2. This essay compares the size, diversity, and core values of   C.  Paragraph 4 (Similarity 3) topic sentence: Finally, both
both countries. countries share an important value: individualism.
  3. point-by-point   1.  Brazilians’ belief in freedom: have the right to do
and be whatever they want if don't hurt others,
  4. All countries are unique.
from President Getúlio Vargas in 1930s and 40s
  5. Thesis statement: On the contrary, the two
two countries share
  2. U.S. belief in freedom: individualism at core of
many similarities. Restatement in conclusion: Although
culture in U.S., dating back to Declaration of
Brazil and the United States have many differences, they
Independence and Bill of Rights.
also have remarkable similarities in their size, ethnic
diversity, and core values.   III. Conclusion (Paragraph 5)
  6. Brazil: covers almost ½ S American continent, land mass   A.  Restated thesis: Although Brazil and the United States
nearly 3.3 million square miles have many differences, they also have remarkable
similarities in their size, ethnic diversity, and core values.
  United States: takes up significant portion of N American
continent (from Atlantic to Pacific), land mass of 3.1 million   B.  Opinion: All cultures are more similar than different.

square miles Activity 4, page 77

  7. an opinion
Answers will vary.

Answer Key 5
 

Activity 5, page 80   6. Intimidation

  1. However   7. Remarkably
  2. Similarly   8. remarkable
  3. Unlike   9. unique
  4. In addition  10.
10. uniqueness
  5. Nevertheless Activity 11, page 85
Activity 6, page 82 Answers will vary.
  1. Vacations, which can range from a few days to months, are
an integral part of life. BUILDING BETTER SENTENCE
SENTENCES
S
  2. Some people who wait too long might have to spend a lot Activity 12, page 86
of money.
  3. A “staycation,” which
which involves relaxing at home without
without Answers will vary.
the burden of school or work, is a good alternative.
Activity 13, page 86
  4. … time off that is relaxing is necessary
necessary for everyone.
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
Activity 7, page 83   1. The city of Pompeii, which was destroyed
destroyed by a volcanic
Answers will vary. eruption in AD 79, had extremely modern plumbing.
  2. The adult human body has 206 bones while a baby’s body
has approximately 270 bones.
BUILDING BETTER VOCABULARY
  3. The highest recorded temperature on Earth, which peaked
Activity 8, page 83 at 136 degrees Fahrenheit, was in El Azizia, Libya.
  1. inexpensive Activity 14, page 87
  2. valuable   1. The bookstore with the best selection
selection is often crowded,
  3. difficult especially on weekends.
  4. get rid of    2. Mercury is the only metal that is liquid at room
  5. food temperature.
  6. basically   3. One of the most visited cities in Italy is Florence, which is
home of the Renaissance.
  7. important
  4. The development of the driverless car is one of the most
  8. watch
fascinating advancements of the 21st century.
  9. imagine
  5. The Islamic calendar, which is also known as the Hijri
 10.
10. one calendar, is based on the cycles of the moon.
Activity 9, page 84
WRITING
  1. scenario
  2. lenient Activity 15, page 89
  3. numerous Answers will vary as to why the topics are or are not good for a
  4. remarkable comparison essay.
  5. core   1.  yes—compare costs, privacy, space
  6. focus on   2.  yes
  7. diversity   3.  yes
  8. disruptive   4.  no
  9. consideration   5.  yes
 10.
10. massive   6.  no
  7.  yes
Activity 10, page 84
  8.  yes
  1. diverse   9.  no
  2. diversity  10.
10.  yes
  3. harm
  4. harmful Activities 16–20, pages 90–94
  5. intimidated Answers will vary.

6  Great Writing 4: Great Essays

 

UNIT 4 Argument Essays 3. An

Answ
swer
erss will
will vary
vary..

Activity 6, page 110

ELEMENTS OF GREAT WRITING
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
Activity 1, page 99 1. Some animals
animals would
would diedie out completely
completely if they were not not
Prereading: cared for in captivity.
Answers will vary. 2. Not all students
students have
have access
access to tablets
tablets or smartphon
smartphones. es.
Postreading: 3. Some people
people are
are physically
physically incapabl
incapablee of driving.
driving.
1. The purpose
purpose is to argue
argue that
that school uniforms
uniforms should
should be 4. Intern
International
ational travel
travel is not
not possible
possible for everyone
everyone who
who wants
required. to learn another language.
2. School uniforms
uniforms are
are the better
better choice for three reasons
reasons.. 5. Some nutrients
nutrients found
found in meat
meat are not
not found in vegetab
vegetables. les.
3. Paragr
Paragraph
aph 2: help
help make student
students’s’ lives simpler;
simpler; Paragra
Paragraph
ph 6. Everyt
Everything,
hing, even
even reality
reality shows,
shows, can be education
educationalal if it is
3: influence students to act responsibly in groups and as explained properly.
individuals; Paragraph 4: help make all students feel equal
Activity 7, page 111
4. Implementing mandatory school uniforms
uniforms would make all
students look the same regardless of their financial status. Answers will vary. Possible answers:
5. Oppone
Opponents nts of mandatory
mandatory uniforms
uniforms saysay that student
studentss who 1. Howev
However,er, children
children can increase
increase their confidence
confidence in
in better,
better,
wear school uniforms cannot express their individuality. more educational ways.
6. School isis a place
place to learn,
learn, not to
to show offoff wealth
wealth or style.
style. 2. Even though
though they may seem expensiv expensive,
e, preventive
preventive health
health
Students can express their individuality through their care is financially beneficial to companies because these
clothing outside of class. activities help with overall health, lowering long-term
health costs.
7. Public schools
schools should
should require
require uniforms
uniforms in order
order to benefit
benefit
both the students and society as a whole. 3. While this
this may be be true, it’s clear
clear that there are
are more
nutritious options available to students and the
Activity 2, page 102 consumption of fast-food should be discouraged.
4. In reality,
reality, girls only
only seem to be be less capable
capable in math
math and
Answers will vary. Possible answers: science because teachers tend to focus their attention on
II. the boys in class.
A. 2. Regular exercise
exercise teaches
teaches children
children good habits.
B. 3. Kids practice
practice persistence
persistence and learn
learn the importance
importance of  Activity 8, page 113
commitment. 1. loaded words
C.  Paragraph 4  Topic Sentence: Schools are better equipped to 2. loaded word
teach physical education than parents.
3. sweeping generalization
III. Conclus
Conclusion:
ion: Schools
Schools are the best places
places to help student
studentss
4. hasty generalization
learn the importance of physical fitness.
5. events related only by sequence
Activity 3, page 103 6. either/or argument
Answers will vary.
Activity 9, page 114
Activity 4, page 105 1. passed / would
passed would hav havee – PFU
PFU
Answers will vary. 2. is / ea
eat – G
3. show
sho w / wil
willl become
become – FR
Activity 5, page 107
4. had struck
struck / would have beenbeen injured
injured – PU
Choosing modals:
5. adopt
ado pt / will cre
create
ate – FR
1. might
6. hass / is do
ha done
ne – G
2. must
7. could have
have been
been avoided
avoided / had
had been
been taken
taken – PU
3. may
8. could
cou ld take
take / start
started
ed – PFU
4. cannot
5. can BUILDING BETTER VOCABULARY
6. should
7. will Activity 10, page 116
Postreading: 1. conn
connececte
ted
d to
to
1. Regard
Regardless
less of what
what skeptics
skeptics might say,
say, the fact
fact is that 2. to le
lear
arn
n a lang
langua
uage
ge
everyone has the capacity to build or create something 3. de
dedi
dica
cati
tion
on
new. 4. begi
beginn usi
using
ng
2. P2: Most people have
have the
the creativity
creativity to come up with a new
new
5. lackin
ing
g
idea. P3: Commitment, not cash, is what leads to success.
P4: Opportunity can be found anywhere. 6. event

Answer Key 7
 

7. money UNIT 5 Problem-Solution Essays

8. value
9. easy
easy to se
seee ELEMENTS OF GREAT WRITING
 10.
 10. nega
ne gativ
tive
e effect
effect
Activity 1, page 127
Activity 11, page 116
Answers will vary.
1. everyd
everydaay
2. unpr
un prec
eced
eden ente
ted
d
Activity 2, page 129
3. unity Answers will vary. Possible answers:
4. auth
authen
enti
ticc 1.  The purpose is to offer ways for people to protect their  
private information while using the Internet.
5. access
acce ssib
ible
le 2. Although the danger is real, there are certain ways for  
6. worl
wo rldw
dwidide
e
individuals to protect their private information.
7. rema
marrk 
3. Internet privacy is important because without it companies 
8. guar
gu aran
ante
teed
ed can share your personal information, leading to a lot of  
9. oppo
op pone
nentnt advertising and/or identity theft.
1
  0. pros
prospe
peri
rity
ty 4. Internet users can hide their Internet-surfing habits and/or 
use password managers.
Activity 12, page 117 5. Everyone should be using these strategies because they  are 
1. authen
auth entiticit
cityy easy to use and inexpensive.
2. auth
au then
entiticc Activity 3, page 132
3. Inno
In novavati
tion
on I. B. Def
Defin
init
itio
ion
n
4. inno
in novavati
tive
ve I. D. Thesis statement
5. inte
in tens
nsififie
ied d II. A. 2. Engineering
6. inte
in tens
nsivivee II.
7. isol
isolaati
tion
on B. 2. Low salaries
III. A. 2. research opportunities
8. iso
isola
latte IV. A. Restate the thesis statement
9. wealthy IV.. B. Call
IV Call to acti
action
on
1
  0.
0. wealth
Activity 4, page 134
Activity 13, page 118 S V
1. While many
many marketers
marketers say there
there is nothing
nothing wrong
wrong with this
this
Answers will vary.
sharing of information, very often it falls into the wrong
hands.
BUILDING BETTER SENTENCE
SENTENCES
S S V
Activity 14, page 118 2. Becaus
Becausee password
password managers
managers generate
generate unique
unique passwords
passwords
for every website that is used, the user’s privacy is
Answers will vary. Possible answers: maintained.
1. One of the
the advantages
advantages of the computer
computer softwar
software
e is its
3. The passw
password
ord manager
manager keeps
keeps track
track of logins
logins and
price. S V
2. Professors
Professors should
should remember
remember that studen
students
ts are enrolled
enrolled in offers assistance if a user gets confused.
many different classes.
S
3. Some children
children who have
have strict
strict parents
parents tend to
to be more 4. VPNs hide
hide the user’s
user’s address
address so that
that online
online companies
companies
organized than other children. V
cannot see the path used to reach their websites.
Activity 15, page 119
S V
Answers will vary. 5. Even though
though password
password managers
managers might
might seem
seem too costly,
costly,
they are available in all price ranges.
Activity 16, page 120
Answers will vary. S V
6. Despite
Despite the fact that
that they are
are easily availab
available,
le, many people
people
do not take advantage of these tools.
WRITING
7. Privat
Private
e browsing
browsing deletes temporar
temporaryy Internet
Internet files, browsing
browsing
Activities 17–21, pages 120–123
S V
Answers will vary. history, and cookies when users end their Internet session.
S V
8. Althoug
Although h the danger
danger is real,
real, there are
are certain ways
ways for
individuals to protect their private information.

8  Great Writing 4: Great Essays

 
 
 

Activity 5, page 134 Activity 10, page 140

Answers will vary. Answers will vary.
Activity 6, page 135
BUILDING BETTER SENTENCE
SENTENCES
S
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
  1. The purpose
purpose is to explain the problem of pollution on Activity 11, page 140
Mount Everest and the latest solution. problem problems; In one year children In one year year,, children;
  2. historical event  Television
 Television res
responsible  T
ponsible  Televi
elevision
sion is respon
responsible
sible;; Parent
Parentss has
has
  3. Along with an increase in the number of Everest mountain been worrying Parent
Parentss have been worrying; real and not
climbers is the increased problem of litter left behind on imaginary solutions real solutions; won’t will not;
this natural wonder. Fortunately, Nepalese officials are invoulved involved
working to fix this potential environmental disaster. Activity 12, page 141
  4. It is causing life-threatening problems by polluting the
local water supply; Paragraph 2 Answers will vary. Possible answers:
  5. installation of garbage disposal sites; $4,000 fines;   1. The hikers made it to the summit of the mountain, but it
transporting the waste to Kathmandu for recycling was exhausting.
  6. Answers will vary.   2. The old, bulky tech equipment in the computer lab is
difficult to use.
BUILDING BETTER VOCABULARY   3. Biomedical engineering is a fast-growing industry,
especially in Western Europe.
Activity 7, page 138
Activity 13, page 142
  1. financial
Answers will vary.
  2. together
  3. laws
WRITING
  4. ideas
  5. count Activities 14–19, pages 143–147
  6. famous Answers will vary.
  7. solutions
  8. acknowledgement
  9. online database
UNIT 6 Reaction Essays and Exam
 10.
10. common Questions
Activity 8, page 138 ELEMENTS OF GREAT WRITING
  1. measures
Activity 1, page 150
  2. enforce
  3. official Answers will vary. Possible answers:
  4. automatically   1. This article was particularly impactful to me in highlighting
that athletes with disabilities are highly skilled, world-class
  5. regulations competitors.
  6. use up   2. title of article, author of article, where to find the article, a
  7. budget summary of the article, and the thesis statement
  8. trustworthy   3. The writer includes the URL to allow the reader
reader to go to the
  9. integrity original source if he/she wants more information.
 10.
10. disposal   4. The writer is impressed by the courage and passion of
these athletes with disabilities.
Activity 9, page 139   5. prediction
  1. accumulation
Activity 2, page 153
  2. accumulate
Prereading:
  3. collaboratively
Answers will vary.
  4. collaboration
Postreading:
  5. generate
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
  6. generation
  1. The purpose is to give a reaction to a photograph.
  7. prominently   2. The introduction gives a good physical description of
  8. prominent
the photo in addition to background information on the
  9. proposal content of the photo.
 10.
10. proposed

Answer Key 9
 
  

3. the structural
structural worker
worker and
and New York
York City in the
the background
background 6. after
4. An
Answ
swer
erss will
will vary.
vary. 7. inte
inten
nse
8. repr
repres
esen
entt
Activity 3, page 155
9. deta
de tail
iled
ed
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
1
  0.
0. eyes
 Title: Reaction to “Old-Timer
“Old-Timer Structural Worker”
I. A. 2. The buildi
building
ng he is workin
working g on is the Empire State Activity 12, page 165
Building. 1. comf
comfor
orta
tabl
blyy
I. B. Thesis
Thesis:: For
For me, this photo is a symbol of hardhard work and 2. ad
admi
mira
rati
tion
on
hopefulness.
3. re
remi
mind
nderer
II. A. 2. There is no equipm
equipment ent to ensur
ensure e his safety
safety,, but
but he is
not afraid. 4. specif
spec ific
ical
ally
ly
II. A. 3. his surrou
surroundings
ndings;; his abiliti
abilities
es 5. stru
struct
ctur
uree
II. B. (topic senten
sentence)
ce) The photo also repres
represents
ents a time
time of  6. cour
co urag
ageo
eousus
hope and even optimism in the face of hard times. 7. outtco
ou come
me
II. B. 1. show that the city is still growin
growing g 8. visible
II. B. 2. is reachin
reachingg toward the sky and the futur future
e 9. devic
ice
e
II. B. 3. The photo is a remind
reminderer of what people can create  10. const
con stru
ructi
ction
on
given their optimism and hard work.
Activity 13, page 166
III. A. Restat
Restated
ed thesis
thesis:: The
The visions
visions of society
society and the promis
promise e
of a prosperous future are contained in “Old-Timer 1. accomp
acco mplilish
shed
ed
Structural Worker.” 2. accom
accompliplish
shme
ment
nt
III. B. Opinion
Opinion:: We have accompli
accomplished
shed so much in such a 3. impr
im pres
essi
sive
vely
ly
short time.
4. imp
im press
5. passio
ion
n
WRITING 6. pass
pa ssio
iona
nate
te
Activities 4–8, pages 156–159 7. pers
pe rsev
ever
ered
ed
Answers will vary. 8. Pers
Pe rsev
ever
eran
ance
ce
9. safely
ELEMENTS OF GREAT WRITING 1
  0.
0. safe

Activity 9, page 162 Activity 14, page 167

Answers will vary. Answers will vary.

Activity 10, page 164

BUILDING BETTER SENTENCE
SENTENCES
S
1. who is a swimmer
swimmer from from the United States  a swimmer
from the United States Activity 15, page 168
2. who are
are interes
interested
ted in compe
competin
ting
g  interested in 1. family  families
competing
3. who jus
justt want
want toto compet
compete e  just wanting to compete
2. unhappily  unhappy
3. interesting  interested, academically academic
4. which is another
another New York York landmar
landmark k   another New York 4. similar  similarities
landmark 
5. mean  meaning, surely sure
5. tha
thatt support
supportss the
the worker
workerss  supporting the workers
6. C
6. which is reachin
reaching g toward the sky and
and toward
toward the future
future
reaching toward the sky and toward the future Activity 16, page 168
7. who is focus
focused ed on
on his
his job
job focused on his job
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
8. th
that
at remi
remindndss us
us reminding us
1. Mount Kilimanja
Kilimanjaro,
ro, the tallest
tallest mountai
mountain,
n, is located
located in
 Tanzania, Africa.
BUILDING BETTER VOCABULARY 2. Baby giraffes
giraffes can
can stand upup on their own
own five hours
hours after
they are born and can run after only 10 hours.
Activity 11, page 165
3. “Anima
“Animall rain” is a fascina
fascinating
ting phenomenon
phenomenon in in which small
small
1. pos
positi
itive
ve feeli
feeling
ngss animals get sucked up by waterspouts and then fall to the
2. forward
forwa rd mov
moveme
ement
nt ground with raindrops.
3. done
do ne we
well ll
Activity 17, page 169
4. nott fea
no fearf
rfulul Answers will vary.
5. phys
ph ysica
icall obje
object
ct

10  Great Writing 4: Great Essays