ASME BPVC

Section VIII
Division 1
Key Changes 2021 Edition

Narayanan Murugappan

03 Aug 2021
ASME Section VIII Division -1 Edition 2021 Code Changes

• Only important changes in my opinion are discussed

• Changes related to PRD, UIG are not discussed
• Editorial corrections are not discussed
• Refer to 2021 Code Edition for details

2
User’s Design Requirements Form (UDRF)
● U-2(a) is revised for requirements of a User Design Requirements
Form
● (-a) a User’s Design Requirements Form, or other document with equivalent information, shall be provided
when any of the following conditions is a design requirement.
• (-1) superimposed static reactions (UG-22 ( c ))
• (-2) cyclic or dynamic reactions(UG-22(e))
• (-3) loadings due to wind, snow or seismic reactions(UG-22(f))
• (-4) impact reactions (UG-22(g))
• (-5) temperature effects(UG-22(h))
• (-6) abnormal pressures (UG-22(i))

● MDR shall include above requirements when specified/applicable.

● Vessel/part Mfr. to make UDRF available to the AI for review.
3
Qualification of Designers
● U-2(b) is revised for the Mfr. to have design personnel qualified
and certified in accordance with the new proposed Appendix
– The Manufacturer has the responsibility of ensuring all personnel
performing design activities are qualified in the applicable area(s) of the
design. See Appendix-10 and Appendix-47.
– The Manufacturer has the responsibility to report methods of design used
that are not covered by the rules of this Division(See U-2(g)) and shall be
described in the Remarks of the MDR.

4
Adopted Editions of Standards
● B 16.5 -2017
● PVHO-1 2016 added

5
 UG-8(b) Integrally Finned Tubes
● UG-8 is applicable for Integrally Finned tubes made from tubes.
● Not applicable for material specification like SB-359, which includes requirements for integral
fins within the specification
● Material Specification does not cover design and hence para (4) is applicable
● Pneumatic or Hydrotest is not required
for integrally finned tubes made to
Specification.

6
Cast Acrylic Shells
● UG-11(a) is revised to accept cast acrylic shells as material.
– (4) cast cylindrical acrylic shells meeting the requirements of Appendix 48

● Added new appendix 48 for construction of pressure vessels containing cast acrylic
shells
● UG-11(f) para is added for requirements for using acrylic shells
– Requirements for certification package (PVHO-1 Forms VP-1 through VP-4)
– Certification package to be made available for review by the AI prior to the acrylic shell being installed
into any part of the vessel.
– Certification package and PVHO-1 Form VP-5 are to be attached with MDR

7
UG-14 Rods and Bars

The rods or bars within each lot shall be of the same diameter.

8
Pressure Test Exempt Chambers in Heat Exchangers
● One chamber of heat exchanger may be exempt from Section VIII, Division 1
requirements based on Scope exemptions given in U-1(c)(2)(-f) or U-1(c)(2)(-g)
● Code users believe that they are only required to pressure test the chamber that is
within the scope of the Code
● In doing so, common elements are not tested due to pressure loads from both
chambers
● UG-99(e) and UG-100 were revised to clarify requirements

9
Pressure Test Exempt Chambers in Heat Exchangers

10
UG-23(f)-Determination of yield strength
● Method to determine “YS” at temperature when Table Y-1 of Section II,
D does not have the necessary values
● If the material being used is not listed in Table Y-1 (while being listed in
other tables of Section II Part D Subpart 1)
● or the specified temperature exceeds the highest temperature for which
a value is provided, the yield strength may be determined as below
● S is the maximum allowable stress at the temperature specified
● f is the factor (e.g. weld factor) used to determine S as indicated in the
notes for the stress line. If the value of f is not provided, set f equal to 1.

11
UG-23(f)-Determination of yield strength
● (1) if allowable stress is established based on the 66 2/3% yield
criterion, then yield strength, SY, shall be taken as 1.5S/f.
● (2) if the allowable stress is established based on yield criterion
between 66 2/3% and 90%, then the yield strength, SY, shall be
taken as 1.1S/f.
● For temperatures where the allowable stress, S, is based on time
dependent properties, the yield strength obtained by these
formulas may be overly conservative.

12
UG-28( c) (1) Shells under External Pressure

13
UG-33 Heads-Pressure on concave side
● Design of head subject to external pressure-Rule revised

14
UG-36(a)(2) Openings of other shapes

• The current words limit the documentation of the design to

be done by a UG-101 proof tests.
• As analysis methods are commonly used to demonstrate a
design, revised to permit design in accordance with U-2(g)

16
Inspection Openings-UG-46(f)(3)
● ‘two equal openings’ is changed to two openings each with a
minimum area equivalent to a 4 in. x 6 in. (100 mm x 150 mm)
handhole.

17
Independent Pressure Chambers-Differential pressure Design

● If the common elements of a combination unit are designed for a

larger differential pressure than the higher MAWP to be marked on
the adjacent chambers,
– Common elements shall be tested to atleast design differential
pressure times the LSR as in UG-99 (b) for the common elements

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Dependent Pressure Chambers- Differential Pressure Design

● If the common elements of a combination unit are designed for a

differential pressure that is less than the higher pressure in the
adjacent chambers,
– Common elements shall be tested to atleast 1.3 times differential
pressure to be marked on the unit times the LSR as in UG-99 (b) for
the common elements

19
Bolts and Gaskets for Pressure Tests
● New Paragraphs UG-99(l) and UG-100(f) are added.
● Custom designed Flanges(Non-standard) and standard flanges with design
calculations to be tested with service gaskets and bolts having identical allowable
stress at room temperature as used in the design calculations
● Alternately, Gasket with the same outside diameter, inside diameter, thickness,
gasket factor (m), and minimum seating stress (y) used in the flange design
calculations can be used
● User can waive any or both requirements
● In U-DR-1 or U-DR-2

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UG-116
● In Name plate, ‘A’ shall be used for Type of construction when cast acrylic shells are
used
● For Parts, when stamping with the Certification Mark with the PRT Designator, the
word "PART" may be eliminated from the stamping.

21
UG-120(c) - Replacement Parts For Existing Vessels
● For "replacement-in-kind" parts specified by a User

22
Section XIII-Rules for Overpressure Protection
● All Division 1 PRD requirements UG-125 through UG-140 have been transferred from
to Section XIII
● The remaining Division 1 overpressure protection requirements have been
restructured within the new UG-150 through UG-156.
● See Nonmandatory Appendix PP for a complete cross-reference list.

23
Internal Thickness of Offset Component-UW-13(b)(4)to UW-9(h)

25
Internal Thickness of Offset Component-UW-13(b)(4)to UW-9(h)

• Additional requirements are added in Para UW-9(h) after shifting from UW-13(b)(4)

26
Table-UW-12
Description of Joints are revised.

27
Standard Fittings – UW-16(f)(3)(-a)(-6)

28
Fillet Size-Hillside nozzles-UW-16(h)
● The revision to UW-16 (h) simplifies the wording on how to
calculate the fillet weld leg size
● clarifies the fillet weld leg dimension for use in examination of the
nozzle to shell weld
● The fillet weld dimensional requirements for hillside and non-
radial nozzles are also added.

29
Fillet Size-Hillside nozzles-UW-16(h)
• (1) For nozzles attached to shells as shown in Figure UW-16.1, illustrations
(a) through (e), the fillet weld leg dimensions that meets the minimum
throat dimensions shall be calculated for the equivalent thickness nozzle on
a flat head with thickness equal to the shell thickness.

• (2) The fillet weld leg dimensions along the shell and nozzle need not exceed
the calculated fillet weld leg dimension.

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Fillet Size-Hillside nozzles-UW-16(h)

• (3) For radial nozzles when the outside diameter of the nozzle approaches
tangency with the shell, the fillet weld shall be smoothly transitioned into
the full-penetration weld.

• (4) For non-radial and tangential nozzles where the angle between the
nozzle and shell is too large or too small to make a fillet weld or when the
nozzle approaches tangency with the shell, the fillet weld shall be smoothly
transitioned into the full-penetration weld.

31
UW-20 Partial Strength Tube to Tube Sheet Weld
● UW-18(d) for partial strength weld is no more acceptable.
● Added rules for sizing of tube-to-tube sheet welds and permit user to calculate weld
size for geometries not specifically shown in Fig. UW-20.1
● (1) When a partial strength tube-to-tube sheet weld meets the requirements of UW-
20.5, the joint does not require qualification by shear load testing.
● (2) When a partial strength tube-to-tube sheet weld does not meet the requirements
of UW-20.5, the joint shall be qualified by factors per Nonmandatory Appendix A to
establish the maximum allowable joint load.

32
Figure UW-20.1
● Inside fillet weld and Inside fillet and groove weld are added

33
UW-20.6
● Para UW-20.6 (a)(1) and (c )(1) were revised
● (a)(1) - For full strength welds, af shall not be less than the greater
of ar or t 1.4t .
● (c )(1)- For full strength welds, ac shall not be less than the greater
of ar or t 1.2t .
● For Figure (e) and (f), formulae were added

34
UW-28 QUALIFICATION OF WELDING PROCEDURE

● (a) Each welding procedure used in joining pressure parts to

pressure parts or joining pressure parts to load carrying non
pressure parts, such as all permanent or temporary clips and lugs
to pressure parts, shall be recorded in detail by the Manufacturer
and qualified in accordance with the rules of Section IX.
● (b) Tube-to-tubesheet welding shall be qualified in accordance
with Section IX, QW-193 or QW-200.

35
PAUT Manual Raster- UW-53 ( C )
● New subparagraph UW-53(c) incorporating the provisions of Code Case 2935
● Allows PAUT Manual Raster to be applied to the final closure seam of a pressure vessel
when RT/ AUT is not possible
● The examination procedure shall be qualified as set forth in Section V, Article 1, T-
150(d) and Article 4, Mandatory Appendix IX.
● Only qualified UT personnel trained in the use of the equipment who have either
participated in the procedure qualification or have successfully passed a performance
demonstration as set forth in T-150(a) shall conduct production scans.
● “Ultrasonic examination of the vessel closure seam was performed under the rules of
UW-53(c).” To be stated under Remarks of MDR.

36
UCS-56(d) Heating Rate
● UCS-56(d)(2): New text is added to describe maximum heating rates for tube-to-tube
sheet welds.

37
UCS-56(d) Cooling Rate
● UCS-56(d)(5), and UNF-56(c): New text is added to describe maximum cooling rates for
tube-to-tube sheet welds.

38
 UCS-56(f)(4)(-a)Other Repair Processes
● Currently, only SMAW is allowed to make repairs after PWHT to avoid further PWHT
prior to hydro on P-1 and P-3 materials
● GTAW, GMAW, SAW, PAW with certain restrictions for each process(Max. bead width
13mm, low hydrogen consumables) are allowed now
● The reference to the electrode conditioning annexes in Section II-C is removed and
replaced with a general reference to Section II-C

39
UCS-56, PWHT Exemption of Hardfacing Weld Metal Overlay
● Table UCS-56-1, 56-2, 56-5, 56-6, 56-7 and 56-9 are revised to
exempt Hard facing Weld Metal Overlay from PWHT
● The General Notes of these Tables exempt corrosion resistant
weld metal overlay welding from PWHT when
– 200 Degrees F preheat is applied and maintained during the deposition of
the first layer of weld metal.
● This exemption is not currently extended to hardfacing weld
metal overlay.

40
Table UCS-56-1 PWHT Exemption of Hardfacing Weld Metal Overlay

● Existing

● Revised

41
Table UCS-56-2
● Clarification on the intent and wording of a note exempting PWHT in
the PWHT tables for certain P-No.'s of material.
● Revised General Note (c)(1) in Table UCS-56-2

● Revised as

● Similar clarification in Table UCS-56-5, 56-6 and 56-7

42
UCS-66(a)
● UCS-66(a) is revised to include stiffening rings
● For nozzle RF pads, saddle wrapper plate, and stiffening rings, the coincident
ratio shall be that of the shell or head to which each component is attached.
● Longitudinal stress in the vessel due to wind or earthquake in a vertical vessel,
at mid-span and in the plane of the saddles of a saddle-supported horizontal
vessel, etc., shall be considered when calculating the coincident ratio in Step 3
of Figure UCS-66.2 [See Note (2) of Figure UCS-66.2].

43
Figure UCS-66.3
● Clarification detail is provided to Figure UCS-66.3(e) to show that
component “B” is a shell of revolution (e.g., cylinder, cone, etc.).

44
Figure UCS-66.3
● A new Figure UCS-66.3(f) for two flat plates welded with a corner
joint is added.

45
UHA-51-FCAW
● FCAW is added as an allowed welding process
● It was not explicitly listed earlier
● Para UHA-51(a)(3), UHA-51(a)(3)(-a), UHA-51(f)(1) and UHA-
51(f)(4)(-a) were revised to include FCAW.

46
Shell/Channel-to-Tube sheet weld joint details
● UHX-4 Design - Added "(b) The weld details for the shell/channel
joints to a tube sheet shall be in accordance with Figure UW-13.2“
● UG-34 details not acceptable

49
Differential Pressure Design S&T Heat Exchangers

● UHX-12.4, UHX-13.4, UHX-14.4 are clarified

● Only for the design of common elements. Not for others.

50
Tubesheet-U Tube Heat Exchanger
● 2019 Edition

● 2021 Edition

● Similar revision in UHX-13.5.8(a), 14.5.8(a)

51
UHX- Design of Fixed Tube sheet Heat Exchangers

• Figures UHX-13.2 giving Zd(Xa), Zv(Xa), Zm(Xa) and 13.5.7-1,

13.5.7-2 giving Fm(Xa,Q3) were deleted.

52
UHX- Design of Fixed Tube sheet Heat Exchangers

• New and revised figures LL-1 and LL-2 (equivalent to deleted

figures) were added to Appendix LL.

53
UHX- Design of Fixed Tube sheet Heat Exchangers

• Tabular Values are provided.

• References to the old figures were revised

54
Fixed Tube sheet kettle shells with eccentric reducer angle
● UHX 13.10.2(c) is revised to increase the angle from 30 degrees to
60 degrees

55
One-pass Floating Head Design
● UHX-14 (Design of Floating Tube sheet) is revised to address one-pass floating head
designs. UHX-14.1(d) is added.
● (d) These rules may be used to design single pass floating tube sheet heat exchanger
with an immersed floating head provided the design of the nozzle between the
floating head and shell cover accounts for axial differential thermal expansion.
● Caution; Addition of the nozzle between the floating head and the shell cover may
change the tube force balance, which should be considered in the design.

56
Appendix-1-5
• Tables 1-5.1, 1-5.2 and 1-8.1 are replaced with closed form equations

57
Appendix-1-8

58
Appendix-1-5 and 1-8
• Effective area equations in ASME VIII-1, Appendix 1-5 and 1-8 were revised

59
Dished bolted Covers
● Dished bolted covers are not required to satisfy the rigidity
requirements in Appendix 2

60
Appendix 1-7, Rules for Large Openings
● 1-7 (b) In addition to meeting the requirements of (a),

61
Appendix 1-7, Rules for Large Openings
● 1-7 (b) In addition to meeting the requirements of (a),

62
Appendix 1-7, Rules for Large Openings

63
Definition of Designer and Certifying Engineer
● Mandatory Appendix 3 is revised to include definition of Designer
and Certifying Engineer.
– Certifying Engineer – an engineer or other technical professional duly
accredited and qualified to practice engineering as required by this Division.
– Designer – an individual who is qualified to design pressure vessels in
accordance with the rules of this Division by demonstrated knowledge in
Code requirements and proficiency in selecting correct design formulas and
appropriate values to be used when preparing the design of a pressure
vessel.

64
Reinforcement of openings in Jacket
● Conflicting/confusing requirements for openings in Jacket
between UG-37(d)(2), Appendix 9-6(b), Appendix 9-2
– 1) Revised 9-2 to clarify that the reinforcement requirements of UG-37(d)(2)
apply to the area reinforcement requirements of the inner vessel wall.
– UG-37(d)(2)

66
Reinforcement of openings in Jacket
● 2) Revised 9-6(a) to clarify the rules for design of jacket openings
other than those in Figure 9-6.

– (a) For jacket penetrations other than those shown in Figure 9-6,
• 1) Design of openings that only penetrate the jacket shall be in accordance with
the rules given in UG-36 through UG-45.
• 2) Design of the openings through the jacket space that also penetrates the
vessel shell or head shall be in accordance with U-2(g)
67
Reinforcement of openings in Jacket
● 3) Revised 9-6(b) to clarify the rules for design of jacket openings
included in Figure 9-6.

● (b) For Jacket penetration shown in Figure 9-6 Sketch (a), design of openings shall be
in accordance with the rules given in UG-36 through UG-45. However, when applying
these rules, the limits of reinforcement for the vessel opening and jacket opening shall
not overlap. For all other jacket penetrations shown in Figure 9-6, design of
openings through the jacket space shall be in accordance with U-2(g).
68
Reinforcement of openings in Jacket
● 4) Revised 9-6(d)(1) to clarify that the external pressure applied on
nozzle walls in Figure 9-6(a) shall be considered per UG-28.

● Add to (d)(1)” The nozzle wall shall comply with the requirements of UG-28. The nozzle
external design pressure P (of UG-28) shall be taken as the jacket internal design
pressure P (of Appendix 9-5) plus the external design pressure of the main vessel, if
applicable. The Total length L (of UG-28) shall be taken as the jacket space j (of
Appendix 9-5) “
69
Computer Software verification
● Mandatory Appendix 10 is revised to include requirement for
Manufacturers to have procedures for verifying computer
software.
– Verification against examples in PTB-4
– Or against the results confirmed by the Design Analysis for each application

70
Procedure for Qualification of Designer and Cert. Engineer

71
Procedure for Qualification of Designer and Cert. Engineer
● Necessity to have Responsible Charge in Manufacturer’s organization
● Responsible charge can be experienced designer, engineer or CE (depending on
design complexity) designated by Mfr.
● What about Manufacturer’s using contract designers?
● Is Appointment letter for designer or Engineer or CE as Responsible Charge required?

72
Welding process restriction-Appendix-31
● GTAW can now be used. Mfr. responsibility

73
 Mass Production of Vessels
● The current words of 35-6(b) being construed as limiting materials selections are
revised.

● 35-6(c)(3) that is in direct conflict with UCS-66(c) and Figure UCS-66 is deleted

74
Appendix 44 - Cold Stretching
● 44-6.2(c)(3) and 44-6.2(d) is interpreted that a strain rate of 0.1%/hr must be met
(achieved as a minimum) near the end of the cold stretching process
● The actual intent is that strain rate is not to exceed 0.1%/hr before terminating the
cold stretching process
● During cold stretching, the initial strain rate is high, but as the material stretches and
work hardens the effective yield strength increases and the strain rate slows.
● When the strain rate falls below 0.1%/hr, the cold stretching process is essentially
complete.
● Achieving this low strain rate is therefore the determining endpoint of the cold
stretching process.

75
Appendix 44 - Cold Stretching

76
Appendix A - Shear Load Testing
● Appendix A is revised for clarification
● once shear load tests are successfully conducted on a set of tube-
to-tube sheet joint design, Mfr. may use fr (test)
● then further tests are not required when producing tube-to-tube
sheet welds of same design(Same Geometry and materials)
following the exact procedure used for the initial qualification.
● Figure A-2 and Table A-2 are revised

77
BPVC Section XIII
● New ASME BPVC Section XIII consolidating and standardizing PRD
requirements for BPV Codes.
● Hence, revisions to Section VIII-1 necessary to adopt Section XIII
– Deleted UG-125 through UG-140.
– Added UG-150 through UG-156 to adopt Section XIII.
– Updated all applicable references in Section VIII-1.
– Deleted Mandatory Appendix II and Forms UV-1 and UD-1.
– Revised Nonmandatory Appendix M to adopt Section XIII.
– Added new Nonmandatory Appendix PP

78
Form U-1A
● Replace

● With

79
 MDR Forms- U-1P & U-3P
● U-1P and U-3P Forms and associated instructions in Tables W-3 were revised
● NBIC 2019 Edition now includes PHE alteration rules that consider the minimum
quantity of plates the frame is designed for. Minimum quantity of plates now added to
MDR line 9.
● The quantity of plates at shipment is to be replaced with the quantity of plates
pressure tested as there are occasions when a gasketed PHE is tested and certified
with a given quantity of plates, and then shipped with another quantity due to
customer installation requirements.

80
MDR Forms- U-1P & U-3P
●

81
Summary
● User Design Requirement Form
● Openings in Jacket shell
● Qualification of Designer, Certifying Engineer
● Computer Software verification
● Bolts and Nuts for pressure tests
● Clarity of rules in 1-7
● U-2(g) for openings of other shapes
● Clarity in rules of Inspection openings
● Revision of Form U-1A, U-1P, U-3P

82
Summary
● Head subject to External pressure- Design rules change
● Section XIII and reference to it
● Appendix-1-5 & 1-8 Effective area Formulae changes
● Permitting other welding processes for repair after PWHT
● Exemption of Integrally finned tube requirements
● UCS-23 Materials for mass production vessels
● Pressure testing of exempt chambers
● Heating and cooling rate for Tube to Tube sheet welds
● PAUT Manual Raster for closing seam

83
Thank you
Please contact:
Narayanan Murugappan
Authorized Inspector Supervisor
Lloyds Register EMEA
Dubai Office

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