Professional Documents
Culture Documents
March 2017
Vessel
PIP VESHP001
Hairpin Heat Exchanger Specification
PURPOSE AND USE OF PROCESS INDUSTRY PRACTICES
In an effort to minimize the cost of process industry facilities, this Practice has
been prepared from the technical requirements in the existing standards of major
industrial users, contractors, or standards organizations. By harmonizing these technical
requirements into a single set of Practices, administrative, application, and engineering
costs to both the purchaser and the manufacturer should be reduced. While this Practice
is expected to incorporate the majority of requirements of most users, individual
applications may involve requirements that will be appended to and take precedence over
this Practice. Determinations concerning fitness for purpose and particular matters or
application of the Practice to particular project or engineering situations should not be
made solely on information contained in these materials. The use of trade names from
time to time should not be viewed as an expression of preference but rather recognized
as normal usage in the trade. Other brands having the same specifications are equally
correct and may be substituted for those named. All Practices or guidelines are intended
to be consistent with applicable laws and regulations including OSHA requirements. To
the extent these Practices or guidelines should conflict with OSHA or other applicable
laws or regulations, such laws or regulations must be followed. Consult an appropriate
professional before applying or acting on any material contained in or suggested by the
Practice.
PUBLISHING HISTORY
April 2008 Issued
March 2017 Technical Revision
Vessel
PIP VESHP001
Hairpin Heat Exchanger Specification
Table of Contents
1. Scope ..............................................................................................................2
2. References .....................................................................................................2
2.1 Process Industry Practices ................................................................................................ 2
2.2 Industry Codes and Standards .......................................................................................... 2
3. Definitions ......................................................................................................3
4. Requirements .................................................................................................3
4.1 General .............................................................................................................................. 3
4.2 Design ............................................................................................................................... 4
4.3 Materials ............................................................................................................................ 5
4.4 Fabrication ......................................................................................................................... 7
4.5 Inspection and Testing ...................................................................................................... 8
4.6 Painting .............................................................................................................................. 9
4.7 Preparation for Shipment ................................................................................................ 10
4.8 Documentation ................................................................................................................ 10
Data Form
VESHP001-D – Hairpin Heat Exchangers
1. Scope
This Practice describes the design fabrication, examination, inspection, testing, and
documentation requirements for double-pipe and multitube hairpin-type heat exchangers to be
stamped in accordance with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1.
Code stamping will be as specified by Purchaser on VESHP001-D.
2. References
Applicable parts of the following industry codes and standards shall be considered an integral part
of this Practice. The edition in effect on the date of contract award shall be used, except as
otherwise noted. Short titles are used herein where appropriate.
The documents listed in this Section are only those specifically referenced in this Practice. In
applications where there are laws or regulations issued by municipal, state, provincial, or federal
authorities covering heat exchangers, these laws or regulations shall be reviewed prior to the
initiation of design work since the requirements may be different or more restrictive than the
specifications covered in this Practice.
– ASME PCC-1 - Guidelines for Pressure Boundary Bolted Flange Joint Assembly
– ASME SA-688 - Specification for Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Feedwater
Heater Tubes
Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association (TEMA)
– Standards of the Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association
3. Definitions
hydrogen services: Process streams that contain pure hydrogen, or component streams that
contain hydrogen with partial pressures that exceed 590 kPa (100 psia) and temperatures that
exceed 204°C (400F)
Code: ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1
manufacturer (supplier): The party entering into a contract with the Purchaser to construct a heat
exchanger in accordance with the purchase order. In accordance with the Code definition, the
Manufacturer is the party that possesses a valid Certificate of Authorization to manufacture heat
exchangers with the ASME Mark. The Manufacturer may or may not be the Supplier.
National Board: National Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors, an organization
composed of chief inspectors of various governmental jurisdictions in the United States and
Canada. Vessels meeting requirements of the Code may be registered with the National Board.
owner: Party who owns the facility wherein the heat exchanger will be used
purchaser: Party who awards the contract to the supplier. The purchaser may be the owner or the
owner’s authorized agent.
purchaser’s inspector: Purchaser’s authorized representative with authority to act in the interest
of, and on behalf of, the purchaser in all quality assurance matters
4. Requirements
4.1 General
4.1.1 The manufacturer shall be responsible for the mechanical design and construction
of the heat exchanger in accordance with this Practice and the documents
referenced herein. Review of manufacturer’s documentation (e.g., fabrication
drawings or weld procedures) by the purchaser or owner shall not alter this
responsibility.
4.1.2 Unless otherwise agreed with purchaser, manufacturer shall guarantee the
thermal and hydraulic performance of the exchanger for the service conditions
specified on the purchaser’s PIP VESHP001-D Data Sheet.
4.1.3 The thermal and hydraulic performance in accordance with Sections 4.1.1 and
4.1.2 shall be guaranteed for a period of at least 1 year after placement in the
specified service, or 18 months after delivery.
4.1.4 A completed purchaser’s PIP VESHP001-D Data Sheet shall be provided with
the proposal.
4.1.5 If alternative designs are proposed, the following shall apply:
a. Alternative design proposals shall be accompanied by the base design
proposal and shall be clearly noted as an alternate.
b. Alternative designs shall be fully and clearly described and substantiated by
sketches or drawings.
c. Specific exceptions to this Practice shall be identified as such.
d. An alternative design shall not be used unless approved in writing by the
owner.
4.1.6 Hairpin exchangers shall be designed in accordance with this Practice and
purchaser’s PIP VESHP001-D Data Sheet.
4.1.7 Hairpin exchangers shall be in accordance with all applicable Code requirements
(including Code symbol stamping if required by Purchaser), and applicable
portions of the TEMA Standards.
4.1.8 National Board registration of hairpin exchangers stamped with the Code “U”
symbol shall be required.
4.1.9 All aspects of the work shall be in accordance with applicable local, county,
state, and federal rules and regulations. In applications where laws or regulations
issued by municipal, state, provincial, or federal authorities apply to pressure
vessels, those laws or regulations shall be reviewed before the initiation of design
work.
4.1.10 The completed purchaser’s PIP VESHP001-D Data Sheet shall take precedence
over the requirements of this Practice but shall not invalidate the Code or
jurisdictional requirements. Any conflicts shall be cited in the proposal.
4.1.11 Deviations from this Practice, except those in accordance with purchaser’s
PIP VESHP001-D Data Sheet, shall require written approval by the owner.
4.2 Design
4.2.1 The maximum design metal temperature for the exchanger shall be coincident
with the maximum allowable working pressure.
4.2.2 Corrosion allowance shall not be applied to tubes or fins.
4.2.3 Unless all-welded closures are specified on purchaser’s PIP VESHP001-D Data
Sheet, tube bundles shall be removable without cutting.
4.2.4 If “pipe” is used for the inner element, the design shall limit the welds to those
between the straight legs and return bends.
4.2.5 Closures shall have separately sealed shell and tube sides.
4.2.6 Separate sets of bolts are preferred for each closure. If common bolts are used for
both shell side and tube side sealing, the method used to maintain the shell side
closure when the tube side is opened shall be approved by owner.
4.2.7 Unless specified otherwise on purchaser’s PIP VESHP001-D Data Sheet, cross
baffles and supports shall be in accordance with TEMA with respect to shell
baffle clearance and tube-to-baffle clearance.
4.2.8 Multitube exchangers in services other than isothermal condensing or boiling on
the shell side shall have bypass sealing devices in peripheral bypass lanes. Unless
specified on purchaser’s PIP VESHP001-D Data Sheet, the number of pairs of
sealing devices shall be determined as follows:
4.2.8.1 If the distance between baffle cuts is 6 tube pitches or less, one pair of
sealing devices shall be provided. Sealing devices shall be located
approximately halfway between the baffle cuts.
4.2.8.2 If the distance between baffle cuts exceeds 6 tube pitches, multiple sealing
device pairs shall be provided every 4 to 6 pitches between the baffle cuts,
and the first seal shall be 1 to 2 pitches from each baffle edge.
4.2.9 Sealing devices shall be located so that mechanical cleaning lanes are not
obstructed.
4.2.10 Seal strips or seal rods shall be continuously welded (along the entire seal
strip/rod-baffle junction) to the transverse baffles at maximum intervals of
1200 mm (48 inches). The continuous weld shall be provided only on one side of
the baffle. Seal strips or seal rods shall be tack-welded to baffles that fall within
the 1200 mm (48 inch) interval.
4.2.11 Sealing devices shall extend from the peripheral edge of the transverse baffle into
the tube bundle so that the clearance to the nearest tube does not exceed the
nominal clearance between tubes.
4.2.12 Unless specified otherwise or approved by purchaser, tube inserts for turbulence
promotion and heat transfer enhancement shall not be permitted.
4.2.13 Impingement protection on multitube exchangers shall be provided if required in
accordance with TEMA standards. The type of impingement protection to be
provided shall be shown in the proposal. Impingement protection shall be the
same material type as that of the baffles.
4.2.14 The manufacturer’s nameplate shall be stainless steel and shall be attached
securely on a support bracket in accordance with PIP VEFV1101. Code
nameplate contents shall be in accordance with purchaser’s Data Sheet,
PIP VESHP001-D.
4.3 Materials
4.3.1 General
4.3.1.1 Pressure-resisting bolting shall be either low-alloy or high-alloy steel.
Structural steel bolting shall not be permitted.
4.3.1.2 Except for austenitic stainless steel nameplates, all attachments welded to
pressure-retaining components shall be of the same nominal chemical
composition as the component.
4.3.1.3 If weld overlay is specified, the deposited weld overlay shall have a
nominal composition that corresponds to that of the specified alloy to the
finished depth specified on purchaser’s PIP VESHP001-D Data Sheet.
4.3.1.4 Gray cast iron, ductile cast iron (i.e., ductile iron or modular iron), and
malleable iron shall not be permitted.
4.3.1.5 For austenitic stainless steel and nickel-alloy exchangers, foreign
materials that may cause corrosive attack when the exchanger is heated
(i.e., marking inks containing halogens, paints containing sulfur, chlorine
compounds, etc.) shall not be used.
4.3.2 Gaskets
4.3.2.1 If gasket material is not specified by the purchaser, the manufacturer
shall propose the gasket material for approval by owner.
4.3.2.2 A means to prevent over-compression of spiral wound gaskets shall be
designed into the gasket joint or gasket.
4.3.2.3 Unless otherwise specified, the return end of bonnet closure gaskets shall
be confined.
4.3.2.4 Joint-sealing compound or gasket-release agent shall not be permitted.
4.3.2.5 Gasket contact surfaces shall have finishes as shown in Table 1.
Table 1 – Gasket Contact Surface Finishes
4.4 Fabrication
4.4.1 Welding
4.4.1.1 Unless approved by purchaser, fabrication involving welding shall not be
subcontracted to others.
4.4.1.2 All pressure-retaining welds shall be full-penetration type.
4.4.1.3 All nonpressure attachments to pressure parts shall be continuously welded
except where crossing a longitudinal or circumferential weld.
4.4.1.4 Welds using permanent metal backing rings shall not be permitted.
4.4.1.5 Any attachments not welded to the exchanger shall be noted on the
manufacturer’s drawing submitted for review by the purchaser.
4.4.1.6 All fillet-welded attachments on exchangers in hydrogen service shall be
vented to prevent entrapment of hydrogen.
4.6 Painting
4.6.1 Exchangers shall be shop-painted in accordance with the purchaser’s
PIP VESHP001-D Data Sheet.
4.6.2 Machined surfaces shall not be painted.
4.6.3 Austenitic stainless steel and nickel-iron-chromium alloy material parts shall be
kept free of paints containing zinc, sulfur, and chlorides to avoid the possibility
of corrosion at elevated operating temperatures. All traces of paint containing
zinc, sulfur, or chlorides that accidentally spatter on such parts shall be promptly
removed.
4.6.4 Exchangers shall not be painted or controlled shot peened before the Code
pressure test, with the following exceptions:
a. Surfaces that are required to be painted and that will be inaccessible after
assembly (e.g., mating surfaces of lap-joint stub ends, flanges and nozzle
necks, flange bolt holes, welded joints, etc.) shall be painted before assembly
and pressure testing.
b. Welded joints that will be inaccessible after assembly (e.g., joints covered by
lap-type flanges) shall be examined by PT and repaired as required before
painting, assembly, and pressure testing.
4.8 Documentation
4.8.1 Documentation shall be provided in accordance with Appendix A,
Documentation Schedule and Manufacturer’s Data Package.
4.8.2 Calculations shall be provided for each item in sufficient detail to demonstrate
compliance with the requirements of this Practice and the referenced documents.
Appendix A
Appendix A
Documentation Schedule
Equip. No. ____________________________ P.O. No. ___________________________ S.O. No.
______________________
Equip. Description ____________________________________________________________________________________
Project Engineer __________________________________________ Phone No. ___________________________________
Design Calculations
Sub-Supplier List
NOTES:
1. Drawings and data are to be mailed to _____________________________________________
unless submitted with quotation.
2. Final certified drawings are to be submitted within two (2) weeks of receipt of “Approved” or “Approved As Noted” prints.
3. All data shall be supplied prior to submission of final invoice.
4. All questions of a technical nature shall be directed to _________________________________.
5. All records shall be provided in electronic media, in a format as agreed upon by the User, and be of legible quality.
6. Each copy of all data (e.g., drawings, manuals) shall be certified by Manufacturer with equipment or instrument Tag
Number and Purchase Order Number written or typed on the face of each copy.
NOTES & ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS (E.G. PAINT SPECS, WELD OVERLAY SPECS, ETC.)
UTUBE/PIPE DESCRIPTION
U-TUBE: NO.: OD: INCHES
THICK: INCHES LENGTH: FT
PITCH: LAYOUT:
TUBE TYPE: FIN TYPE:
No. OF FINS: FIN THICKNESS: INCHES FIN HEIGHT: INCHES
NOTES (cont.)