10 XII December 2022

https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.48203
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue XII Dec 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com

Comparative Analysis of RCC Structure with

Energy Dissipation Device and Composite
Structure
Arunendra Kumar Mishra1, Dr. Raghvendra Singh2
1
Dept of Civil Engineering, Ujjain Engineering College, Ujjain, M.P., India
2
Professor, Dept of Civil Engineering, Ujjain Engineering College, Ujjain, M.P., India

Abstract: The ground movement which occurred naturally and creates disaster to cause damage of the structures is called
Earthquake. In the earth’s crust seismic activities occur that creates waves. These waves transmit to structures through
foundation. Thus, due to this earthquake movements, inertia force is invoked in structure resulting in damaging the whole or
part of structure.
Base isolation is the recent development for seismic resistant designs, this may not be totally controlling the ground movement but
helps in minimising the impact of ground movement. Base isolation enables in reduction of earthquake forces by lengthening the
period of vibration of structure. Also, the structural response accelerations are less than the ground acceleration because of Base
isolation.
It helps in limiting the effects and after effects of earthquake and that’s why it is widely accepted in the whole world as one of the
most effective approaches in past few years. The response spectrum analysis is conducted on three different model using CSI
ETABSv19, several values of all three models were found out from Structure. Structure is Located in Earthquake Zone IV.
Three models are used for analysing the response of the building. The results of frequency, time period, displacement, drift,
storey overturning moment and storey stiffness are compared for G+25 RC frame structure with shear wall, RC frame structure
with base isolation and composite structures.
Keywords: Base isolation, composite structure, response spectrum, shear wall.

I. INTRODUCTION
This study examines the comparative analysis of the following three model i.e., RC frame structure with shear wall, RC frame
structure with base isolation and composite structure. The main purpose of Shear walls to provide large strength and stiffness to
building, which significantly reduces lateral sway of the building and thereby reduces damage to structure and its contents. In
present work linear dynamic analysis of G+25 RC frame structure with shear wall, RC frame structure with base isolation and
composite structures are analysed and compared. effect of all these structural components is calculated on structure having 25
Storey.

II. NEED OF BASE ISOLATION

1) Provides good flexibility to the structure.
2) Make building earthquake resistant.
3) Story become more serviceable.
4) Earthquake prone zones of developed countries are now making compulsory to have a isolated base in the building with higher
importance.
5) Reduces steel reinforcement.
6) Reduces the base shear, and overturning moment of the structure.
7) Increases time period of the structure.
As compared to fixed base structure, Base isolated structure provides more ductility to the structure and now days use of base
isolation structure is very common in earthquake prone areas.

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
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III. NEED OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURE

1) High flexibility in design and ease of manufacturing.
2) Ideal material in earthquake prone locations due to its high strength, stiffness and ductility.
3) The size of the elements can be reduced, thus increasing the strength-to-weight ratio.
4) Facilitate faster project construction.
5) Meet the demand for long span construction, a modern trend in architectural design.
6) Allows easy structural repair and modification.
7) Precisely designed concrete and steel composite members prevent brittle fracture of reinforced concrete members and have high
ductility.
8) Encased steel frame can be used as a shoring system during construction process.
As compare to conventional RCC structure, composite structure is widely used in practice now-a-days because of better seismic
performance. Hence these structures are demand in many countries which are seismic prone area irrespective of developed or under
developed.
IV. OBJECTIVE
The objective is to perform the Linear dynamic analysis of G+25 RC frame structure with shear wall, RC frame structure with base
isolation and composite structures and compare their results. effect of all these structural components is calculated on structure
having 25 Storey which is Located in Earthquake Zone IV.

Analysis is done with the help of ETABSv19 software.

1) To compare the result for RCC and composite structure of G+25 storey.
2) To understand the behaviour of RCC and composite structure in Response Spectrum analysis.
3) To determine the effect of base isolation in time period, base shear, overturning moment, base shear, storey drift in high rise
structure.
4) To determine the behaviour of composite structure in response spectrum analysis.
5) To determine the behaviour of structure base isolation and its comparison with composite structure and with RC frame structure
with shear wall.
V. LINEAR DYNAMIC ANALYSIS
Linear dynamic analysis or Response spectrum Static procedures are appropriate when the effects of the higher mode are negligible.
Thisis often true for short-term, conventional buildings. Therefore, for high-rise buildings, buildings with irregular or non-
orthogonal torsion systems, a dynamic process is required.In the linear dynamics process, the building is modelled as a Multi Degree
of Freedom (MDOF) with a linear elastic stiffness matrix and an equivalent viscous damping matrix. The seismic input was
modelled using either modal spectrum analysis or time series analysis, but in both cases the respective internal forces and
displacements were determinedby linear elastic analysis. The advantage of these linear dynamic procedures over linear static
procedures is that higher modes can be considered. However, they are based on a linear elastic response and, therefore, applicability
decreases with increasing nonlinear behaviour, which is approximated by the overall force reduction coefficients. In linear dynamics
analysis, the response of the structure to ground motion is calculated in the timedomain, so all phase information is retained. Only
linear properties are assumed. The analytical method can use the decomposition method as a means to reduce the degrees of freedom
in the analysis.

VI. MODELLING AND ANALYSIS

The linear Dynamic Analysis is conducted on three different model using CSI ETABS19, severalvalues of model were found out
from RC with shear wall, RC frame with base isolation and Composite Structure. IS:1893-2016 guidelines are used for the Dynamic
Analysis of G+25 story RC frame structure with shear wall, RC frame structure with base isolation and composite structure is done.
Different types of models used for analysis
Model 1: G+25 RC frame structure with shear wall. Model 2: G + 25 RC frame structure with base isolation. Model 3: G+ 25
Composite Structure.

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
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Table 6.1 data used for analysis of RC frame structure

SN. Particulars Dimension / Value
1 Plan dimension 25 x 25 m
2 Height of the bottom storey 3.6 m
3 Total Height of building 75.6 m
4 Height of parapet 1.2m
5 Thickness of slab 200mm
Seismic zone IV
Importance factor 1.2
6 Zone factor .24
Damping factor 5%
Floor finish Live load at all floor 2.0 KN/m2
Wall load Parapet wall 2.0 KN/m2
Density of concrete Density of steel Density 12 KN/m
of brick 5.96 KN/m2
7 25 KN/m2
7850 KG/m2
20 KN/m3

Grade of Concrete Grade of reinforcing steel M30 HYSD500

8 Soil condition Medium

Grade of beam and column Size of beam M30

Size of column 300 x 500 mm
9 1000 x1000 mm

Table 6.2 data used for analysis of composite structure

S. No. Particulars Dimension/value

1 Plan Dimension 25x25 m
2 Total height of the building 75.6 m
3 Height of bottom storey 3.6 m
4 Height of each storey 3m
5 Height of parapet 1.2 m
6 Thickness of slab Thickness of profiled deck 200 mm
Thickness of walls 75-100 mm
230 mm
7 Seismic zone Importance factor IV 1.2
Zone factor 0.24
Damping ratio 5%
2
8 Floor finish Live load at all floors 2.0 KN/m
Wall load Parapet wall 2.0 KN/m2 12 KN/m
Density of concrete 5.96 KN/m 25 KN/m2 7850
Density of steel Density of brick KG/m3
20 KN/m3
Grade of concrete in column Grade of deck M30 M20
9 Grade of reinforcing steelSoil condition HYSD500
Medium soil

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue XII Dec 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com

A. Design Data For LRB

Table 6.3 data used for LRB design

1 Seismic zone factor, Z 0.3 (UBC 97, Vol-2, Table
16-I & Zone Map)
2 Seismic Source Type B
3 Near source factor, 1 (UBC 97, Vol-2, Table
16-S)
4 Near source factor, 1 (UBC 97, Vol-2,
Table16T)
5 Z 0.3
6 Maximum capable earthquake response 1.5 (UBC 97, Vol-2, Table A-16-
coefficient, D)
7 Soil Profile Type SD (UBC 97, Vol-2, Table
16-J)
8 Seismic coefficient, = 0.54 (UBC 97, Vol-2, Table
16-R)
9 Seismic coefficient, 0.36 (UBC 97, Vol-2, Table
16-Q)
10 Choose Response Reduction Factor, R for 8.5 (UBC 97, Vol-2, Table 16-N)
SMRF
11 For SMRF/IMRF/OMRF 2 (UBC 97, Vol-2, Table A-16-E)
Structural System Above the Isolation
Interface, RI
12 Effective Damping (βd or βm ) 0.15 15% Damping []
13 Damping coefficient, or 1 Interpolate (UBC 97,
Vol-2, Table A-16-C)

B. Maximum Load Obtained after dynamic analysis on column is being taken for design of LRB

Table 6.4 Design Data for LRB OF G +25 for lateral load of 20500 KN

Rotational Inertia 0.731550068 KN/m

For U1 Effective Stiffness 20624555.58 KN/m

For U2 & U3 Effective Stiffness 20624.5556 kN-m

For U2 & U3 Effective Damping 0.15

For U2 & U3 Distance from End-J 0.00490 m

For U2 & U3 Stiffness 157650.0916 KN/m

For U2 & U3 Yield Strength 772.8317928 KN

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
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C. Descriptions Of Models
All three models which are considered for analysis, are shown below.

Figure 6.1 Plan and elevation view of G+25 Story RCC Structure with shear wall

Figure 6.2 Plan and Elevation view of G+25 Story RC frame Structure with base isolation.

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
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Figure 6.3 showing plan and elevation view of G + 25 story composite structure.

VII. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

A. Free Vibration Analysis
Modal analysis is the study of the dynamic properties of system in the frequency domain. It is the field of measuring or calculating
and analysis the dynamic response of the structure during exciting. In structural engineering modal analysis used the overall mass
and stiffness of a structure to find the various periods at which it will be naturally resonant. These periods of vibration are essential in
earthquake engineering. Modal analysis is the process of determining the inherent dynamic properties of a system in the form of
natural frequencies, damping coefficients, and modal shapes, and using them to build a mathematical model of the behaviour. The
mathematical model that is formulatedis called the modal of the system, and the information about the properties is called modal
data. The free vibration analysis of G+ 25 storey RC frame structure with shear wall, RC frame structure with base isolation and
composite structure are performed to get a dynamic structural behaviour.

MODAL TIME PERIOD

6

5
TIME PERIOD (SEC)

0 Modal 1 Modal 2 Modal 3 Modal 4 Modal 5 Modal 6 Modal 7 Modal 8 Modal 9 Modal Modal Modal
10 11 12
MODAL CASES
MODEL1 MODEL2 MODEL 3
Figure 6.1. Showing modal time period of all three models.

The modal time period is maximum in model 2 which is 4.93 seconds and minimum in model 1 i.e., G +25 RC frame structure with
shear wall at core is 4.08 seconds and Modal time period in model 3 is 4.356 seconds.

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue XII Dec 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com

B. Response Spectrum Analysis (IS:1893-2016)

The Response Spectrum analysis is carried out as per Indian Standard and Story Displacement, Story Shear, Story Overturning
Moment, Story Stiffness are discussed for all G+25 story model.

C. Storey Displacement
Story displacement is the lateral displacement of the story relative to the base. Response spectrum analysis of G+25 story RC frame
structure with shear wall, RC frame structure with base isolation and composite structure are performed. Story displacement is the
lateral displacement of the story relative to the base. story displacement is maximum in model 2 which is 72.481 mm and minimum
in model 1 which is 58.956 mm. story displacement in model 3 is 64.12 mm.

80
DISPLACEMENTS
70
60
DISPLACEMENTS (MM)

50
40
30
20
10

Base
Story25
Story24
Story23
Story22
Story21
Story20
Story19
Story18
Story17
Story16
Story15
Story14
Story13
Story12
Story11
Story10
0

Story9
Story8
Story7
Story6
Story5
Story4
Story3
Story2
Story1
STORY
MODEL 1 MODEL 2 MODEL 3

Figure 6.3. showing displacements of all three models.

D. Maximum Story Overturning Moment

The overturning moments are obtained by multiplying the story shear by the distance to the centre of mass above the elevation
considered. story overturning moment is maximum in model 1 which is 130235.69 KN-M and minimum in model 2 which is
116373.34 KN-M. story overturning moment in model 3 is 124470.64 KN-M.

MAXIMUM STORY OVERTURNING MOMENT

OVERTURNING MOMENT (KN-M)

135000
MAXIMUM STORY

130000

125000

120000

115000

110000
MODEL 1 MODEL 2 MODEL 3
MODEL

Figure 6.4 showing maximum story overturning moment for all three models.

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
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E. Story Drift
Storey drift is the difference of displacements between two consecutive story divided by the height of that story and Story
displacement is the absolute value of displacement of the storey under action of the lateral forces.

STORY DRIFT
0.00025

0.0002
STORY DRIFT

0.00015

0.0001

0.00005

Base
Story25
Story24
Story23
Story22
Story21
Story20
Story19
Story18
Story17
Story16
Story15
Story14
Story13
Story12
Story11
Story10
0

Story9
Story8
Story7
Story6
Story5
Story4
Story3
Story2
Story1
MODEL
MODEL 1 MODEL2 MODEL 3

Figure 6.5 showing story drift for all three models.

Story drift is maximum in model 2 and minimum in model 1. After analysis and all design check as per IS: 1893 (2016), storey drift
satisfies the design criteria and storey drift value is not exceeding 0.004 times storey height.

F. Base Shear
Base shear is the estimation of maximum expected lateral force which will occur at the base of a structure due ground motion during
the earthquake. Due to seismic activities, the ground start moving. Due to the movement of ground, lateral force is developed in
opposite direction of motion. That developed lateral force due seismic motion at the base of the structure is called base shear. base
shear is maximum in model 1 which is 1514.36 KN and minimum in model 2 which is 853.66 KN. base shear in model 3 is 1366.87
KN.

BASE SHEAR
1600
1400
BASE SHEAR (KN)

1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0

MODEL 1 MODEL 2 MODEL 3

MODEL

Figure 6.6 showing base shear for all three models.

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G. Storey Stiffness
In structural engineering, the term'stiffness' refers to the rigidity of a structural element. In general terms, this means the extent to
which the element is able to resist deformation or deflection under the action of an applied force.

STORY STIFFNESS
STORY STIFFNESS KN/M

1600000
1400000
1200000
1000000
800000
600000
400000
200000

Base
0
Story25
Story24
Story23
Story22
Story21
Story20
Story19
Story18
Story17
Story16
Story15
Story14
Story13
Story12
Story11
Story10
Story9
Story8
Story7
Story6
Story5
Story4
Story3
Story2
Story1
STORY
MODEL1 MODEL2 MODEL3

Figure 6.7 showing story stiffness for all three models.

Response spectrum analysis of G+25 story RC frame structure with shear wall, RC frame structure with base isolation and
composite structure are performed. story stiffness is maximum in model 1 which comes out to be 120627.1 KN/M and minimum in
model 2 which is 91676.5 KN/M. story stiffness for model 3 is 102533.5KN/M.

VIII. CONCLUSION
A. Time Period
1) The modal time period is maximum in model 2 which is 4.93 seconds and minimum in model 1 i.e., G +25 RC frame structure
with shear wall at core is 4.08 seconds and Modal time period in model 3 is 4.356 seconds.
2) Modal time period in model 2 is 20.83 % more than that of model 1 and 13.17% more than that of model 3.
3) Because of base isolation in model 2 the ductility of structure increases significantly which leads to increase in time period and
decrease in frequency.

B. Story Displacement
1) Story displacement is maximum in model 2 which is 72.481 mm and minimum in model 1 which is 58.956 mm. story
displacement in model 3 is 64.12 mm.
2) Story displacement in model 2 is 22.94% more than model 1 and 13.04 % as compare to model 3 respectively.
3) As rigidity increases displacement decreases and vice-versa.

C. Maximum Story Overturning Moment

1) Story overturning moment is maximum in model 1 which is 130235.69 KN and minimum in model 2 which is 116373.34 KN.
story overturning moment in model 3 124470.64 KN.
2) Maximum story overturning moment in model 1 is 11.91 % more than that of model 2 and 4.63% more than that of model 3.

D. Story Drift
1) Story drift is maximum in model 2 and minimum in model 1. After analysis and all design check as per IS: 1893 (2016), story
drift satisfies the design criteria and story drift value is not exceeding 0.004 times story height.
2) As the stiffness of the structure increases the drift ratio decreases and vice-versa.

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
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E. Base Shear
1) Base shear is maximum in model 1 which is 1514.36 KN and minimum in model 2 which is 853.66 KN. base shear in model 3 is
1366.87 KN.
2) Base shear in model 2 is reduced by 43.62 % as compare to model 1 and 37.54 % as compare to model 3 respectively.
3) As mass of a structure increases base shear also increases.

F. Story Stiffness
1) Story stiffness is maximum in model 1 which comes out to be 120627.1 KN/M and minimum in model 2 which is 91676.5 KN/M.
story stiffness for model 3 is 102533.5KN/M.
2) Story stiffness in model 2 is 31.57 % less than model 1 and 11.84 % less than as compare to model 3.
3) As the ductility of the structure increases, stiffness of the structure decreases and vice- versa.

IX. FUTURE SCOPE

G+25 storey RC frame structure with shear wall, RC frame structure with base isolation and composite structure.
1) Performance based seismic analysis can be done and its performance criteria can be checked from FEMA 356.
2) Extension of this study on other RCC framed buildings. Performance of base isolation oversteel structure.
3) Similar analysis with varying the height of the structure.
4) Performance of similar structure can be checked with High Damping Rubber Bearing.
5) Cost comparison of 30,35 and 40 story structure can be done using LRB and other lateral load resisting system i.e., shear wall,
bracings, etc.
6) Nonlinear dynamic analysis of RC frame structure with shear wall and the same structure with optimized section can be done.

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