PHYSICAL MOTION STUDY NOTE AND PRACTICE EXAM
FOR MIDDLE AND HIGH SCHOOL CLASS 7 TO 12 QUESTION AND ANSWER
Motion, displacement, distance, velocity, acceleration, time and speed.
MOTION
Motion is a change in the position of an
object to the reference point. The motion of
an object depends on the type of force
acting on the object.
Distance
Distance is the length of the entire path
traveled by an object while it is in motion.
Displacement
Displacement is the difference in the
distance an object moves from its initial
position to its final position. Quantity for
distance is a scalar and the quantity for
displacement is a vector.
Velocity
Velocity is the ability to calculate the
displacement of motion traveled by an
object per unit time. The magnitude is a
vector.
Acceleration
Acceleration is the change in velocity at
any given time. The magnitude of
acceleration is a vector. Acceleration is
positive if the object's speed increases in a
certain time interval and is negative if the
object's speed decreases in a certain time
interval.
Motion based on the object state or its
reference point:
Relative Motion
Relative motion is an object is said to be
moving when observed from a certain
reference point, but not necessarily moving
if observed at another reference point.
 the motion of trees to humans,
 the motion of buildings to vehicles,
 the motion of a train to the track,
Motion with a constant Velocity
Motion of an object on straight line paths
and its velocity always the same or
constant.
formula:
where is,
v = velocity (constant), (km/h, m/s)
s = displacement/ distance, (km, m)
t = time, (h, s)
This is just a special case (a=0)
Motion with a constant acceleration
Straight motion has a change in velocity
every second (acceleration) which is
always constant.
Acceleration: increase in speed every time
on a moving object. Slowdown is the
negative acceleration.
Formula:
Velocity:
v = u+at
Displacement with positive acceleration:
s = ut + 1/2at2
Displacement knowing initial and final
velocities:
s = 1/2 (u+v)t
Velocity squared:
V2=u2 + 2as
where is,
u/ v0 = initial velocity (km/h, m/s)
v = final velocity (km/h, m/s)
s = displacement (km, m)
t = time (h, s)
a =constant acceleration (km/h2, m/s2)
Pseudo Motion 3. Jason took the train from New York to
Pseudo motion is the motion of an object Los Angeles. The following statements
that is actually at rest. Pseudo motion are true, except...
occurs when an observer is in a place that a. Jason is silent on his chair
is moving at high speed. b. Jason moves towards the station
Example: c. The train is moving towards the
the movement of the sun over the earth. station
Actually the sun does not move, but the d. Jason moves against the engineer
earth rotates the sun. Discussion: D
Jason sitting in the moving train will
Motion based on the shape of the track: experience:
- straight motion, Jason is silent on his seat
- circular motion, Jason moves towards the station
- parabolic motion, Train moving towards station
- irregular motion.
4. Harry runs at a speed of 6 m/s. How
many the amount of time it took Harry to
QUESTIONS run 1.5 km?
1. When an object moves with fixed speed. a. 90 seconds
true statement is..... b. 120 sec
a. the resultant force acting on an c. 180 seconds
object is zero d. 250 sec
b. the resultant force acting on the Solution: D
object is not equal to zero given: v = 6 m/s
c. the acceleration of the object is not s = 1,5 km ⇒ 1500 m
equal to zero answer:
d. the object's velocity is zero v = s/t
Discussion: A 6 = 1500/t
Object is moving with constant velocity, 1500/6 = t
then: the resultant force acting on an 250 = t
object is zero acceleration of an object is t = 250 sec
zero object velocity is not equal to zero.
5. The train is moving at a speed of 80 m/s
2. An object is said to be in motion when... to the station. The train slowly braked
a. the distance of an object does not until after 20 seconds it stopped
change to another object because of arrived at the station. the
b. the position of an object changes to acceleration value is...ms
another object a. 8
c. the distance of objects sometimes b. -4
changes, sometimes remains against c. -8
other things d. 4
d. the position of an object is fixed with Solution: B
respect to another object
Discussion: B
An object is said to be in motion if its
position one object changes to another
object. Object others become a
reference point for objects that are
move.
6. A car is moving at an average speed of 9. An object is moving with a speed of 30
80 km/h for 60 minutes. The distance m/s has a constant acceleration for 5
traveled by the car is... seconds until it reaches a final speed of
a. 20 km 50 m/s. The object's acceleration is...
b. 40 km a. 2 m/s2
c. 80 km b. 4 m/s2
d. 140 km c. 6 m/s2
Discussion: C d. 8 m/s2
Given: v = 80 km/h Solution: B
t = 60 min ⇒ 1 hour
answer:
s = v.t
s = 80 × 1
s = 80 km

7. A person runs for 10 seconds, his 10. A sportsman moves from point A to
position changed from 30 m to 50 m. point C (AC track) as far as 120
The average speed person running is... meters. From point C, he turn around
a. 2 m/s and stop at point B (trajectory BC)
b. 5 m/s which is 70 meters away. The transfer
c. 10 m/s of the sportsman is…
d. 20 m/s a. +190 m
Solution: A b. +100 m
c. +70 m
d. +50 m
Discussion: D

8. A wood beam having a mass of 4 kg is

pulled by a force of 24 N. Wood beam
acceleration is...
a. 4 m/s2 the question is displacement, then
b. 6 m/s2 displacement = (120-70) = + 50 m.
c. 2 m/s2 If the question is distance, then
d. 8 m/s2 distance = (120+70) = + 190 m.
Solution: B
Newton's Law II, "The acceleration 11. A car is moving with a speed of 10 m/s.
produced by the resultant force acting If the car reduces its speed to stop
on a object is directly proportional to the after 5 seconds. Then the value of the
resultant force, and inversely car's displacement is...
proportional to the mass of the object. a. 0.5 m/s2
b. 1 m/s2
c. 1.5 m/s2
d. 2 m/s2
Solution: D
Given: u = 10 m/s
vt= 0
t = 5 detik
 answer: s = ½(u + vt)t
determine displacement (a)
s = ½(3 m/s + 0) 3 s
vt = vo + at
0 = 10 + a. 5 s = 4,5 meters
-10 = 5a
a = -10/5 14. An athlete runs at a speed of 30 m/s for
= -2 m/s2 15 seconds. How much distance did
A negative means the car is slow the athlete…
down. While the acceleration value a. 350 m
is… a = 2 m/s2 b. 450 m
c. 550 m
12. An object that is initially at rest is then d. 650 m
accelerated by 0.2 m/s2. After moving Solution: B
for 10 seconds. Then the distance Given: v = 30 m/s
traveled by the object is... t = 15 sec
a. 5 meters answer: s = v x t
b. 10 meters s = 30 x 15
c. 15 meters s = 450 m
d. 20 meters
Solution: B 15. Danny every morning goes to school
Given: u = 0 on foot with the distance from home to
a = 0,2 m/s2 school is 1.5 km. danny walking at a
t = 10 s constant speed of 1 m/s. If the school
answer: s = u.t + ½.a.t2 starts, the gate will be closed at 07.00.
s = 0. 10 + ½.0,2.(10)2 Then danny most late have to leave
s = 0 + 0,1. 100 at…
s = 10 meters a. 06.35
b. 06.40
13. Mike rides a bicycle at a speed of 3 m/s c. 06.45
then brakes until it stops in 3 seconds. d. 06.50
The distance traveled by the bicycle Solution: C
during braking is... Given s = 1,5 km ⇒ 1500 m
a. 2 meters ` v = 1 m/s
b. 3,5 meters Answer:
c. 4,5 meters v = s/t
d. 6 meters 1 = 1500/t
Solution: C t = 1500/1
Given: u = 3 m/s t = 1500 sec
vt= 0 1500/ 60 = 25 minutes
t = 3 sec Time to school 25 minutes, the gate
answer: closed at 07.00 so danny go to school
s = u.t + ½.a.t2 ⇒ (a = (vt – vo)/t) 07.00 – 25 minutes = 06.45
s = u.t + ½ ((vt – u)/t)t2
s = u.t + ½vt.t – ½u.t
s = u.t – ½vo.t + ½vt.t
s = ½u.t + ½vt.t
16. One day, X who is running at 9.40 m/s
is 2 meters behind Y who is also
running at 9.20 m/s.
a. Determine the time it takes X to
overtake Y? 92 meters
b. Where does X overtake Y? 94
meters
Discussion
Given: X, v = 9.40 m/s
Y, v = 9.20 m/s
t = 2 meters
Answer:
For this case, it means:
 X ran time = Y ran time
 X can overtake Y because X are
faster
 Distance (s) traveled Y assume (b).
 Distance (s) traveled X assume (b+2)
tX=tY
second later the doll will pass through
the floor? the doll is on the 21st floor
Discussion:
The doll falls from the 25th floor, 1
second after the doll falls on the 24th
floor. This means that the height of 1
floor is:
Y = vo.t + ½.g.t2
Y = (0) . 1 + ½.10.(1)2
Y = 5 meters
It means that 1 floor have height 5
meters.
Doll after one second later, that means
it takes 2 seconds for the doll to pass
through the floor:
Y = vo.t + g.22
Y = (0) . 1 + 10.(2)2

(s / v) X = (s / v ) Y
(b + 2) / 9,40 = (b) / 9,20 (cross)
(b +2) . 9,20 = (b) . 9,40
9,20 b + 18,4 = 9,4 b
18,4 = 9,4 b – 9,20 b
18,4 = 0,2 b
b = 92 meters
Y = 20 meters,
Conclusion:
 One floor is 5 meters,
 After 2 seconds it goes down as far
as 20 meters.
 the doll is on the 21st floor.

X, Y have same time, s = v/t

t=s/v
t = 92 /9.20
t = 10 seconds

So Time to catch up is 10 seconds.

Where does it meet?
X will meet Y when X runs as far as:
X meet Y = b + 2
= 92 + 2
= 94 meters.

17. Amanda dropped her doll from the 25th

floor of an apartment. In 1 second the
doll passes through the 24th floor. One