CS/CORE

MOBILE NETWORK
August 2021

HAMIDREZA BOLHASANI
PHD CANDIDATE, DATA SCIENTIST
BOLHASANI@GMAIL.COM
Core Network Architecture Evolution
R99 Network Architecture

In R99, 2G/3G Core is separated to CS/PS domain.

R99 Network Architecture

PSTN Gi Gp

GMSC GGSN

AuC
C Gc
H
HLR
PSTN Gn
D Gr
EIR
G F Gf
VLR VLR Gs
B B SGSN
MSC MSC
E
CN

A Gb IuCS IuPS
BSS PCU RNS
Iur
BSC RNC
RNC
Abis Iub
BTS BTS Node B Node B
cell

Um Uu

MS UE
R99 Network Architecture

MSC/VLR PSTN
GSM /GPRS BSS GMSC ISDN

BSC
BTS HLR/AUC

PCU SCE
SS7
RNC
SMS
NodeB SCP
GPRS骨干网/
Internet,
Intranet
UTRAN SGSN GGSN

CG BG

Other PLMN
R4 Network Architecture
• In R4, MSC is divided to MSS and MGW.
• Call Control (CP) is separated from Bearer Layer (UP)
• Media Gateway Control Protocol such as H.248 have been widely used
R4 Network Architecture
HLR/EIR
GMLC/SMLC

SMS-C

MAP MAP
MAP
SCP

CAP

SIGTRAN
SS7

GMSC Server
BICC
VMSC Server PSTN/ISDN
MAP
RANAP
TDM/G.711
UTRAN BSSAP H.248

GSM/R99PLMN
AAL2 MGW
MGW
TDM/G.711
RTP(AAL2)/AMR
TDM
BSS
IP(ATM)
BackBone IP network
R4 Core Network
Interface and Protocols

/ISUP/TUP
MTP3 MTP3B M3UA
MTP2 SSCF/SSCOP SCTP
MTP1 AAL5/ATM IP

MSC GMSC
Server Server
Nc
H.248
Mc Mc SCTP UDP MTP3B
IP SSCF/SSCOP/AAL5
Nb
MGW MGW

RTP AAL2 Voice

UDP/IP ATM PCM
R4 Core Network
Bearer and Control Separated

MSC

Control Bearer
Layer H.248 Layer
R4 Core Network
Four Layer Architecture

Service Management iOSS

Policy App Server IN MRS
Server

Network Control
SoftSwitch SoftSwitch

Core Switching Packet Core Network

S R

IAD UMG
AMG
Broadband SG 3G Access
Edge Access Access TMG
UMG
PSTN
PLMN
CS Core Services
• Voice Call

• USSD Service

• SMS (Short Message Service)

• Call Waiting

• Call Forwarding

• Call Conference

• CLIP / CLIR

• RBT / CRBT / RRBT

• MCA (Missed Call Alert Service)

• LBS (Location Based Services)

• Flash Message
CS Core Architectures
CPCI / ATCA / SDN-NFV
• Networking is the same.
• Performance of ATCA is much better than CPCI.
• The ATCA platform enables the software to capitalize on the advanced hardware with multiple cores and
multiple CPUs, thus improving the system performance without affecting the reliability.

Interface module Bottom-layer

Service
signaling
BITS processing
WCKI processing
module
module

E1 WEPI WCPC
interface WCCU
ATM-2M
interface WEPI WEAM

FE WCDB
WBFI WIFM
interface
WBSG
ATM WBAI WAFM WMGC
WHSC
interface

LAN bus
OSTA bus

WS BAM WSIU/WSMU
NMS
System support module
WS
iGWB
BC

OAM module Hardware architecture (CPCI) Hardware architecture (ATCA)

CS Core Architectures
ATCA Platform: Advanced Telecommunication Computing Architecture

⚫ Unified platform
 Industry-leading high
performance hardware App. SDP VCC AS CSI AS ATS MRFC
SDP
platform: ATCA
Session CSCF BGCF IBCF MGCF SoftX
 Unified software platform Control
ensures flexible product
combination and unified O&M Protocol Distributed
OAM Proxy
Stack Process
 Unified platform for fixed and CGP Real Time Reliability High Efficient
Core
mobile network Database Mechanism Dispatching

⚫ Customer’s benefits
Commercial OS
 High density and large
OS&HW
capacity ensure simplified OSTA
network architecture to adapt
to business expansion
OSTA: Open Standard Telecom Architecture
 Smooth migration
CS Core Architectures
ATCA → Flexible Configuration

Physical Boards
+

Products
UGC3200 AIM6300 ATS9900 CSC3300 HSS9820 iCG9815 RM9000

P I S
M N B M P S R
C C C C H S C
Functional G A Tel G R C P A
L S S S S L C
Entities C C AS C F R D C
F C C C S F F
F F F C F F F
F F F
CS Core Architectures
ATCA → Flexible Configuration → Grow as you grow…

⚫ Linear Scalability
 Capacity expand by stacking more boards, racks 20M Subscribers

 Lower down initial cost and hence lower down risks

 Pay as your growth

300K Subscribers

HSS + CSCF+SPDF +CCF + OMC

CLF+NACF + CCF + IP Centrex AS

LAN switch

Disk Array
CS Core Architectures
ATCA → Networking Compact Scenario

EMS ENUM Web portal OCS

iManager M2000 ENUM Server ISMP OCS9810

UTRAN PCRF, RACF, HSS CCF

SPDF HSS9820 ICG9815
RM9000
EVDO IM/PS/GP
Advanced Tel AS
NACF, CLF ATS9900
WIMAX AIM63000 SharingX
MM Conference AS
P-CSCF
MediaX3600
WIFI CSC3300
PoC
MGCF ENIP
LAN/FTTX UGC3200 IMAS series
I/S-CSCF, BGCF, MRFC
CSC3300 Gaming
…
xDSL
UAAF & PDBF
InfoX AAA
CABLE
IM-MGW, I-BGF MRFP
C-BGF
UMG8900 MRP6600
SE2300
TDM
Access IP
PSTN PLMN Network
CS Core Future
SDN / NFV

Ref. Alcatel-Lucent
CS Core Future
SDN / NFV
CS Core Future
NFV: Network Function Virtualization
CS Core Future
NFV: Network Function Virtualization

Ref. Amdocs - Vodafone

Thanks!
Hamidreza Bolhasani
Bolhasani@gmail.com
August 2021