1. State your own opinion or view why there is a need to study philosophy?

2. What are the concerns of practical men based on your own observation of how
an ordinary life is lived by everyone? In relation to it, why philosophy is a shame for
others?

Philosophy plays a huge role by contributing in the intellectual activity of the

students. It is believe that Philosophy is part of our everyday life. Students claim that
studying Philosophy is hard, for it requires the learners to think philosophically and
critically. Why study Philosophy? In my opinion, at our sweet young age, we love to
make things that can satisfy us, making decisions that we think is right. But we forget to
think, if our decision is morally right or wrong? When we apply the teachings of
Philosophy it will be reversed and unfold many branches of questions and will sooner
question our own decisions. Studying Philosophy helps us to create a justifiable
decisions by developing our critical thinking.
Philosophy contributes a lot in different aspects of life. A person who study
Philosophy is able to enhance his general problem solving skills, his capacities in
analyzing such puzzles or concepts, definitions, understand arguments and the
problems. This also includes the competence of the learner to identify good and subtle
between the two different choices he has. Also to discover the common ground among
all the views that being presented. Philosophy also helps to combine all the ideas and
views into one. Also, based on what I read Philosophy helps the students to develop
their persuading skills. It teaches students how to create a strong and clear
formulations, and appropriate examples which sooner leads us to develop our ability to
convince. The best thing about developing this skill is the learners can use this and can
still develop this not only through academia but also in communicating to others. Which
is also one of the skills that Philosophy can also be develop. Philosophy contributes well
when it comes to the development of communicating. Self-expressions and presenting
ideas. As what I said in first sentences students find Philosophy difficult because it can’t
be explain by simple explanation, Philosophy is also the way how we can overcome
this difficulty, communication skills includes the ability of explaining difficult materials
and help us to clarify the hazy thoughts and opinions.
Philistine- A person who is hostile or indifferent to culture and the arts or who has
understanding of them. Or for Philosophers it’s a person who is deficient in liberal
culture or one whose interests are material and commonplace. Bertrand Russell
describe the practical men as a men who is willingly promote himself for his sake. Vince
Lombardi an American football coach once said that “winning isn’t everything, it’s the
only thing.” Philosophers uses this statement as an example to define broader the
meaning of practical men, saying that this kind of mindset is a perfect example of “them
against us” mentality. Some of us thinks that by helping each other may also help each
other to reach the goal. But for a practical men, he thinks that a person can only be
interesting for him, when he can get something that can satisfy him. He usually sit in
somewhere and for others to give him what he need, he likes receiving things that he
didn’t worked for. A practical men believes that he don’t need to work hard to get the
things that can benefit him if he had everyone and anyone that will get it for him.
Perhaps this philosophy that was introduced by Bertrand Russell was one of the
most embarrassing question that can a person may encounter. Why? Because he
doesn’t recognize that there’s also a world and people outside of his own world, and he
tends to forget that because he only cares for himself. That’s why society or community
often called him “selfish.” It’s a shame to admit that you’re a practical person especially
you know that it doesn’t sound good. Using other people to achieve things will never
good. Having someone just because he can provide for you will never be acceptable.
 A. Is Stoic sense of apathy ethical? Why or why not? Explain your view further.
B. Discuss the strengths and limits of Hedonism and Epicureanism based on how
you analyzed and understood these ethical theories.

I personally thinks that Stoicism is ethical. Stoics believes that serenity and
contentment is the highest peak that a man can achieved in his life. And you can only
achieve this when you learn how to control your desires, how to self-control, and
fortitude. In life many may attempt to destroy your balance in building your serenity. A
person who believe in Stoicism should not let himself depend from others and never let
others to hurt them. They believe that when you let your guard down you’re offering
yourself to feel the emotions that can destroy your serenity and will open the
opportunities of you failing. In the given example in the module, they learn how to think
out of the box or to think that everything that happened may happen is destined to
happen. Like when your favorite mug breaks, you as a believer of Stoicism should not
feel upset, but you should think that the mug was meant to be broken. For that mindset
you can protect your inner peace and learn to have self-control. Stoicism believes that
people or a person should understand that they need to learn to accept things that
happened whether it brings you good or bad memories or lesson, because they can’t do
anything to change it, they accept everything that life will give. For them their desire to
achieve the contentment is the most important. They also believes that sexual desires
of one person can destroy the integrity of a man. It is ethical because there is no wrong
for protecting your inner peace and learning how to do self-control. It is good to accept
the things that happen in our life than to complain and feel upset, but still got no change.
Always questioning and getting upset by the things that we don’t have control will only
affect the stability of our minds and destroy our serenity. I also believe in the saying that
“What’s meant to happen, always happen.” That’s why Stoicism is ethical for me.
Alike in Stoicism, Ethics also introduced Hedonism and Epicureanism. As what
Hedonism defined, a person can find his motivation once he was driven by pleasure and
or pain. Hedonism was distinctive and interesting topic, because they believe that only
between of these two force of emotion is existing, none other than pleasure and pain.
Contentment, delight, ecstasy, elation, enjoyment, euphoria, and joy are few of the
pleasant feeling Hedonism categorized under pleasure. While on the other hand, pain,
depression, dismay, melancholia, despair, enmity, and suffering are under pain or
displeasure. While Epicureanism believes that the greatest good is seek the modest
pleasure for you to find and attain tranquility, to free yourself from pain and fear. Like
the others, Hedonism and Epicureanism also had their strengths and limits. Like all the
entity or things in earth. For Hedonism, their problem was, it was so self-serving, it may
sound right like it is okay to depend on yourself, but remember that Hedonism believes
that there’s only pain and pleasure. And for them pleasure only matters. And that’s why
it’s their limit, because of their willingness to feel the pleasure they tend to forget that
not all the things that gives them pleasure is right. Second, they defend themselves for
using drugs, maybe this apply in the late generations Hedonist. Drugs or abuse
substance can bring you in cloud nine, they uses Hedonism as excuse saying this can
cause them happiness. For Epicureanism, the problem here or limit is their excessive
focus on themselves. To the point that they forget the others and they will do whatever
they want to do. They believe that showing love in relationship can only cause pain and
vulnerability. But if there is limit, there are also strengths. For Hedonism, they were
always happy because they can find their happiness even in the shallowest part of their
life. And also it helps to reduce their stress. In Epicureanism, being contented is their
strength. Being content with simple things and by choosing conversation that matters
instead of having clothes, food, or any material things and sex.