INGLÊS 6º ANO LEVEL 1 VER CAPÍTULO

CAP. 08
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Hello, student. During this chapter we will talk about the different kinds of communication,

and also how to use the simple present and present continuous and their rules. Let's go?

Look at the image below and discuss the questions with a friend.

Two women having a conversation.

shutterstock.com

1.
What elements can you see in the picture?

2.

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Can people communicate using only their voices and words?

3.
What are other ways of communicating?

Communication
What is communication?

Let's see what the dictionary gives to us.

1. The act of communicating; transmission. 2. a. The exchange of thoughts, messages

or information, as by speech, signals, writing or behaviour. b. Interpersonal rapport.

There is more than one way of using communication: signs, gestures, symbols, messages
etc.

Look at the items below and check some ways used to establish communication.

Explorando:
ways of communication
 PRÁTICA ATIVA

Questão 01

Check the different types of communication and match them to the words.

1.a)

2
 shutterstock.com

shutterstock.com

1.b)

Can you relate the situations on which we use each kind of communication?

Text messages and social networks

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Text messages and social networks
We can communicate using many different resources (you saw some examples on the
previous slide). Text messaging is one of the most used ways of communication nowadays,

but not exactly with words.

Emojis and emoticons

Emojis are used in text messages in order to express feelings, emotions etc.
shutterstock.com

Emojis

They are ideograms and smileys used in electronic messages to communicate. It's possible to find in
the "emoji keyboard" facial expressions like , flags , animals etc. An emoticon is a
representation of a facial expression such as :-) (representing a smile) formed by various
combinations of keyboard characters and used to convey the writer's feelings or intended tone.

Over the years the process of using emoticons within text, email and social media has been made
easier, allowing the user to simply copy and paste in an emoji, or use the short code which then auto
converts into a graphic. This takes the emoticon to a new level as the choice available includes such a
wide variety of choice. Where the emoticon may express emotions, the emoji also offers objects.

Emoticons

An emoticon is short for 'emotion icon' and is a visual representation of a facial expression or body
posture to convey mood, attitude or emotion used initially in email and text messages. The most well
known is the smiley face. Emoticons can at their simplest be expressed within text by using a series
of punctuation marks (as above) and sometimes letters and special marks.

Disponível em: <http://socialmediaforlearning.com>. Acesso em: 26 mar. 2020. (adaptado)

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Express yourself!

What are the emojis and emoticons you use the most?

Who do you use them with?

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 Sugestão para assistir: emojis on the big screen

Poster of The Emoji Movie .

Sarunyu L / shutterstock.com

The Emoji Movie

Hidden inside a smartphone, the bustling city of Textopolis is home to all emojis.
Each emoji has only one facial expression, except for Gene, an exuberant emoji with

multiple expressions. Determined to become "normal" like the other emojis, Gene
enlists the help of his best friend Hi-5 and a notorious code breaker called Jailbreak.

During their travels through the other apps, the three emojis discover a great danger

that could threaten their phone's very existence.

It's time to read: texting

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It's time to read: texting
Texting is one of the most used ways of communicating. We can say it is practical, quick
and it allows people to talk to each other no matter how distant we are.

How do you mostly communicate with your friends and family?

How often do you do that?

Read the text below and check how most teenagers communicate.

Teens prefer texting

In the picture it is possible to see someone texting.

shutterstock.com

For teenagers, texting on mobile phones is the main form of connecting with their friends, according
to a report by the Pew Research Center.

The report also shows that when teenagers do bother with an old-school phone call, it's more often
to contact their parents than their peers. Among its many advantages, teens said texting is a quick
way to say "hi", report where they and their friends are and to get to the point.

This survey has revealed that the average teen texter sends and receives fifty messages a day
compared to making and fielding just five phone calls.

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 Besides basic efficiency, one of the reasons behind the meteoric rise in texting is the privacy that the
medium affords. "Teens can text under the radar [...] your teacher or parents won't really know what
you're up to and it doesn't bother people around you", said study co-author Rich Ling, professor at
the IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

HADHAZY, Adam. Teens Prefer Texting vs. Calling... Except to Parents. Disponível em:
<http://www.livescience.com>. Acesso em: 16 set. 2015. (adaptado)

Agora é com você

Questão 01

Write T (true) or F (false), according to the text "Teens prefer texting".

( ) Texting is more private than calling.

( ) The text is based on a person's opinion.

( ) An advantage of texting is going directly to the point.

( ) Teens often use voice calls to communicate with friends.

( ) For teens, texting is ten times more frequent than calling.

( ) Text message is the principal means of communication for teens.

Using applications
As we read on the previous page, one of the most used way of communication among

teenagers is texting.

And one of the most used applications (or apps) for communication is WhatsApp.

It is possible to use different types of communication with it; for example:

• video calls;

• emojis;

• stickers;

• audio and written messages;

• calls.

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Let’s explore this app a little and see some vocabulary in order to use its functionalities.

See the numbers and right after the descriptions of what they do.

WhatsApp interface.
wondershare

1. Select personal information and configurations.

2. Quantity of data sent and received.

3. The last time a contact opened or used WhatsApp.

4. When the users see if their messages have been read.

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 Explorando:
what does it mean?
 PRÁTICA ATIVA

Questão 01

Now it is your turn.

Read the information in the image and research their meanings.

wondershare

Pratique: means of communication

Questão 01

Is it related to an emoji or emoticon? Identify.

1.a)

;-)

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1.b)

Associated with the use of mobile phones.

1.c)

1.d)

Expressed using punctuation marks.

1.e)

:(

1.f)

Incorporates objects.

Questão 02

Read the text below and choose the correct definition for the words in bold and

underlined.

How Texting Changes Communication

Texting has, in many ways, made communication easier by helping people avoid long, unpleasant
phone conversations and making a quick "Hello" much easier. According to the Pew Research Center,
72% of teenagers text regularly, and one in three sends more than 100 texts per day. Clearly, texting
is the preferred method of communication among young people, and that trend is moving upward
toward adults, who are also texting much more frequently. While texting hasn’t been around long
enough for researchers to study its long-term effects on communication, there is circumstantial
evidence that it is rapidly altering the ways people communicate with one another both via text and
in person.

FACE-TO-FACE COMMUNICATION

Texting encourages rapid-fire, single-sentence thoughts, but this style of communication isn’t
conducive to face-to-face communication. Consequently, people who text a lot may be more
uncomfortable with in-person communication and may even use their cell phones to communicate
with people who are in their presence. Parents often report that their teens text during dinner, and
the friend who texts during a group night out is a common phenomenon. The reality may be not that
these people are being rude but that they are uncomfortable with slow-paced, in-person

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 communication.

SURFACE-LEVEL COMMUNICATION

Texting increases the frequency of small talk and can be a great asset to people beginning to form a
friendship; they may be much more comfortable texting each other witty one-liners than they are
picking up the phone and calling. But texting is, almost by definition, surface-level communication.
When people communicate primarily via text, they’re much less likely to have meaningful
conversations.

GOODTHERAPY.ORG. How Texting Changes Communication - GoodTherapy.org Therapy Blog. Disponível

em: <https://www.goodtherapy.org/blog/texting-teens-adults-communication-0726126>. Acesso em: 16 abr.
2021.

2.a)

When something goes in a not quick rhythm.

2.b)

When something becomes really popular.

2.c)

An unimportant conversation.

2.d)

Something said quickly.

Questão 03

Say it with an emoji. Yes, even at work

Whether or not you it, modern communication often involves emojis or their predecessor,
emoticons. They’ve even come to replace slang and acronyms—there’s no need to LOL when you can
. As a globally recognizable iconography, we now send them as texts, slap them on photos, and
even respond to communication streams at work with and we all understand. They’re efficient,
sure, but some researchers say that emojis aren’t just sloppy shorthand. Instead, emojis actually
improve our ability to communicate.

GROSSMAN, P. Say it with an emoji. Yes, even at work. Disponível em:

<https://www.zendesk.com/blog/emojis-for-better-communication/>. Acesso em: 16 abr. 2021.

Choose the correct statement according to the text.

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It is correct to say that the text...

A mentions that emoji is used in the workplace as a means of communication.

B mentions that people should not use emojis in the workplace.

C mentions that emojis can be used as a formal language.

Questão 04

Using this picture, tell a story about what the students are doing in Communication Day at

the school.

Reprodução

Language in usage
Before we go into the language, read some examples taken from the text "Teens prefer
texting" and analyse them.

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 Ex.: Texting is a quick way.

The other example uses other verbs that don't mix with the to be verb.

Ex.: The average teen texter sends and receives fifty messages a day.

Simple present

It is time to get to know how simple present works. Talk about the things we do in our
daily routine etc.

When is the simple present used?

First, let's see how this tense is used.

• To express habits, general truths, repeated actions or unchanging situations, emotions

and wishes.

• To give instructions or directions.

Form

Let's see how the structure of this tense is used in affirmative, negative and interrogative

sentences.

If the question starts with "do/does", the answer is yes or no.

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Example 1:

Do you like to talk to your friends?

Yes, I do.

This example shows the grammar used in an "emotion" situation.

Example 2:

Do they use their phones in class?

No, they don't.

This example shows the grammar used in a "habit" situation.

Example 3:

Does she use chat apps?

Yes, she does.

This example shows the grammar used in a "habit" situation.

Third person

In the sentence "The average teen texter sends and receives fifty messages a day", it's
possible to see that the simple present was used to demonstrate general truth,
habits and also repeated actions.

When conjugating verbs in the third person (he, she, it), it is necessary to add:

► -s, -es, -ies: is added to the verb (affirmative form)

Example 1:

She works for this company.

This example shows the grammar used in a "habit" or a "repeated action" situation.

Example 2:

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He goes to his friend's by bus.

This example shows the grammar used in a "habit" situation.

Example 3:

She studies communication.

This example shows the grammar used in a "general truth" situation.

► doesn't: is used in the negative form + infinitive

Example 1:

She doesn't like it.

This example shows the grammar used in an "emotion" situation.

Example 2:

He doesn't play games.

This example shows the grammar used in a "habit" situation.

Example 3:

She doesn't study communication.

This example shows the grammar used in a "general truth" situation.

► does: is the auxiliary used for the interrogative form + subject + infinitive

Example 1:

Does she work here?

This example shows the grammar used in a "habit" situation.

Example 2:

Does John like it?

This example shows the grammar used in an "emotion" situation.

Example 3:

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Does he study communication?

This example shows the grammar used in a "general truth" situation.

Verbs ending in -y

When a verb ends with y and there is a consonant before it, the y changes into ie. Then the
letter s is added.

Example 1:

fly = flies

try = tries

Time expressions

Check some words we can use with the simple present tense.

Example 1:

I go to the park every Saturday. (routine)

Example 2:

She takes the bus in the morning. (routine)

To be verb

The to be verb does not use auxiliary verbs, it uses only itself.

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But it is conjugated differently depending on the pronoun.

Read the table below for more information on how to use this verb.

If the question starts with "am/is/are", the answer is yes or no.

Example 1:

Are you on the phone now?

Yes, I am.

Example 2:

Is she online?

No, she isn't.

Example 3:

Are they on Instagram?

Yes, they are.

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 Agora é com você

Questão 01

Rewrite the sentences in the simple present with the pronoun indicated in parentheses.

After that say if the sentence is used "to express habits, general truths, repeated actions

or unchanging situations, emotions and wishes, to give instructions or directions".

1.a)

I go to bed very early. (he)

1.b)

I usually cook dinner for my family. (we)

1.c)

She is sad. (they)

1.d)

You don't drink tea. (she)

1.e)

My father wants to travel to Spain. (my friends)

Talking on the phone

Telephones are used every day in our communication: phone calls, message, video calls etc.

Read the following dialogue and see what mother and daughter are talking about. But first,
answer the questions below with a classmate.

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 The girls are having a conversation over the phone.
shutterstock.com

How often do you talk to your friends and family on the phone?

Which one do you prefer: text, audio or making a phone call?

What are you doing?

Mom: Hi, Jill, mom here.

Jill: Hey, mom.

Mom: Is everything OK?

Jill: Sure, mom.

Mom: Are you doing your homework?

Jill: No, I'm not. I'm helping dad with his computer.

Mom: Dad?!? Is he at home?

Jill: Yes, he's trying to make a presentation for the sales convention.

Mom: Uh, OK. And what about Jordan?

Jill: He's sleeping on the sofa.

Mom: Sleeping? Wake him up! He's got soccer practice in a minute!

Jill: OK, mom, I'll do that, don't worry.

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Mom: Right, dear. I'll be home by seven. Don't forget homework.

Jill: No problem.

Mom: I love ya!

Jill: Love you too. Bye.

Agora é com você

Questão 01

Check the correct statement and correct the wrong ones, based on the dialogue.

( ) Dad isn't home.

( ) Jill is doing homework.

( ) Jill is helping her father.

( ) Jordan is at soccer practice.

( ) Dad is sleeping on the sofa.

Language in usage
In order to improve our communication, it is important to speak using different tenses and
verbs.

Read some examples taken from the text in the previous page.

"He's trying to make a presentation" and "I'm helping dad" are sentences that express
actions happening at the moment of speaking.

Present continuous

When is present continuous used?

• To describe an action that is going on at this moment.

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 • To describe an action that is going on during this period or a trend.

Form

Now let's see how to use the structure for the present continuous.

Subject + verb BE + main verb + -ing

Time expressions

Check some words we can use with the present continuous.

Example 1:

She is studying at the moment.

Example 2:

They are having tests these days.

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 Agora é com você

Questão 01

Using the present continuous, answer the following questions with a classmate.

1.a)

What are you doing at this moment? (Give two examples using present continuous.)

1.b)

What aren't you doing at this moment? (Give two examples using present continuous.)

Verbs' endings

Before adding -ing to the main verbs, it is necessary to observe their endings.

► Verbs ending in -e: it is replaced by -ing

Example 1:

love = loving

Example 2:

make = making

Some exceptions: see (seeing) and be (being).

► Verbs ending in -ie: we replace -ie by y and add -ing

Example 1:

lie = lying

Example 2:

die = dying

► Verbs ending in consonant + vowel + consonant: the last consonant is doubled and -

ing is added

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Example 1:

swim = swimming

Example 2:

stop = stopping

Agora é com você

Questão 01

Answer the questions with short answers. Follow the example.

Dennis Calçada / Santos FC

Are you watching the game?

Yes, I am.

1.a)

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 shutterstock.com

Are you doing your homework?

1.b)

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Are you having a good time?

1.c)

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 shutterstock.com

Is she sleeping?

1.d)

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Are they having a party?

1.e)

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 shutterstock.com

Is it working?

Questão 02

Write questions in the present continuous using the words given.

2.a)

Why/he/yawn?

2.b)

She/lie/in bed?

2.c)

They/wash the car?

2.d)

Where/she/sleep?

2.e)

The dog/drink enough water?

Pratique: present simple and continuous

Questão 01

Check the images about daily routines. Write sentences using the present simple.

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 shutterstock.com

She writes a letter twice a week. (example)

1.a)

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Have dinner at 7:30 p.m.

1.b)

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 shutterstock.com

Play basketball.

1.c)

shutterstock.com

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Ride his bike.

1.d)

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Sleep.

1.e)

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Walk their dog.

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1.f)

shutterstock.com

Play volleyball.

Questão 02

Complete the text with the correct form of the verbs in parentheses. Hint: they can be

affirmative or negative.

An illustration of a girl in a fair communication.

Reprodução

Today is a very special day for me and my friends from Overlea Junior High. We __________

(have) a great time at the Communications Fair at the City Convention Center, so we

__________ (have) classes. Donna and Allan ___________ (enjoy) themselves with the latest cell
phone applications. Daisy ____________ (watch) a documentary video about interpersonal

communication. Tommy and John __________ (try) to understand how TV broadcast works.

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Me? Well, ____________ (attend) any special event. I'm just __________ (walk) around. I ________
(talk) to my friends. This is really communication!

Questão 03

Spot the differences! Compare the scenes 1 and 2. Then write what is different in scene 2.
Use the words in the box and follow the example.

Two illustrations of two different classrooms.

Reprodução

Questão 04

Write the -ing form of the following verbs.

4.a)

ride

4.b)

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swim

4.c)

play

4.d)

sit

4.e)

study

4.f)

wave

4.g)

tie

Questão 05

Using the present continuous, write the negative form of the sentences below.

5.a)

I play the piano very well.

5.b)

He works very hard.

5.c)

They talk about interesting things.

5.d)

Sarah speaks Spanish.

5.e)

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Bill and Paula have breakfast together.

Questão 06

Ask a classmate the following questions.

6.a)

Do you watch TV a lot?

6.b)

Do you live in a big city?

6.c)

Do you often ride a bike?

6.d)

Does it rain a lot where you live?

6.e)

Do you play the piano?

Questão 07

Using the simple present, change the sentences below into the negative form.

7.a)

Maria speaks four languages.

7.b)

The museum opens at 5 o'clock.

7.c)

We have dinner at 6:30 every day.

7.d)

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Sue gets to work very early.

7.e)

They do a lot of different things during their free time.

7.f)

It costs a lot of money to build a new hospital.

Resumo

• The current means of communication, not only in the virtual context, but also other
possibilities, such as signs, signals, symbols, gestures etc., and the importance of using
online tools to establish communication.

• The use of simple present to talk about habits, repeated actions, facts. In the
affirmative form, it is necessary to add -s, -es or -ies to the verbs endings if the
pronouns used are he, she or it. In the negative form, it is added the auxiliary doesn't
before the main verb; and in the interrogative we use the auxiliary does before the
subject (he, she, it). The pronouns I, you, we, they, the negative auxiliary used is don't
and do for interrogative sentences.

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