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There can be little doubt that Zola's best work was expended on the Rougon-Macquart series.

With
itsconclusion his zeal as a reformer began to outrun his judgment as an artist, and his later books
partake more of the nature of active propaganda than of works of fiction. They comprise two series:

Les Trois Villes

(Lourdes,Paris, Rome) and

Les Quatre Evangiles

, of which only three (Fecondite, Travail, and Verite) were writtenbefore the author's death. Politics had
begun to occupy his attention, and from 1896 onwards he increasinglyinterested himself in the Jewish
question which culminated in the Dreyfus case. His sense of justice, alwayskeen, was outraged by the
action of the authorities and on 13th January, 1898, he published his famous letter,beginning with the
words

J'accuse

, a letter which altered the whole course of events in France. It is difficultnow to realize the effect of
Zola's action in this matter; he was attacked with a virulence almost unexampled, avirulence which
followed him beyond the grave. Four years later, on the day after his death, the Pariscorrespondent of

The Times

wrote: "It is evident the passions of two or three years ago are still alive. Manypersons expressed their
joy with such boisterous gestures as men indulge in on learning of a victory, and someexclaimed
savagely, 'It is none too soon.' The unseemliness of this extraordinary spectacle evoked no retortfrom
the passers-by." The feeling of resentment is still alive in France, and it is necessary to take it
intoaccount in the consideration of any estimates of his literary work by his own countrymen. It is a
mistake toattribute Zola's campaign for the rehabilitation of Dreyfus to mere lust of fame, as has been
freely done. Hecertainly was ambitious, but had he wished to gain the plaudits of the crowd he would
not have adopted acause which was opposed by the majority of the nation. As a result of the agitation,
he was obliged to leaveFrance and take refuge in England, till such time as a change of circumstances
enabled him to return

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