CHAPTER 19 • THE SKELETON 569

Chapter Review 19-1

Multiple choice: Select the best answer and write the letter of your choice to the left of each number.
_____ 1. bursa a. upper portion of the pelvic bone
_____ 2. periosteum b. fluid-filled sac near a joint
_____ 3. phalanges c. bones of the fingers and toes
_____ 4. ilium d. facial bone
_____ 5. zygomatic e. membrane that covers a bone

_____ 6. patella a. growth region of a long bone

_____ 7. symphysis b. kneecap
_____ 8. osteoclasts c. breakdown and removal of bone tissue
_____ 9. metaphysis d. slightly movable joint
_____ 10. resorption e. cells that break down bone

_____ 11. polyarticular a. formation of bone marrow

_____ 12. hemarthrosis b. immobility of a joint
_____ 13. ankylosis c. loss of bone mass
_____ 14. myelopoiesis d. bleeding into a joint cavity
_____ 15. osteoporosis e. pertaining to many joints

_____ 16. rachiocentesis a. inflammation of bone

_____ 17. spondylolisthesis b. spinal tap
_____ 18. osteitis c. metabolic disorder that affects joints
_____ 19. comminuted d. displacement of a vertebra
_____ 20. gout e. fracture in which bone is splintered or crushed

SUPPLEMENTARY TERMS
_____ 21. coxalgia a. exaggerated lumbar curve of the spine
_____ 22. scoliosis b. pain in the hip
_____ 23. intraosseous c. abnormal growth of cartilage
_____ 24. lordosis d. within bone
_____ 25. achondroplasia e. sideways curvature of the spine
570 PART 3 • BODY SYSTEMS

_____ 26. calvaria a. knee

_____ 27. subluxation b. partial dislocation
_____ 28. genu c. upper portion of the skull
_____ 29. olecranon d. like or resembling a cross
_____ 30. cruciate e. part of the ulna that forms the elbow

_____ 31. atlas a. lower part of the pelvic bone

_____ 32. foramen b. first cervical vertebra
_____ 33. exostosis c. a rounded hole
_____ 34. ischium d. great toe
_____ 35. hallux e. outgrowth of bone

_____ 36. laminectomy a. artificial part

_____ 37. goniometer b. removal of knee cartilage
_____ 38. prosthesis c. excision of part of a vertebra
_____ 39. arthroclasis d. device used to measure joint angles
_____ 40. meniscectomy e. surgical breaking of a fused joint
True-False. Examine each of the following statements. If the statement is true, write T in the first blank.
If the statement is false, write F in the first blank and correct the statement by replacing the underlined
word in the second blank.
41. The end of a long bone is the epiphysis. _______________ _______________
42. The carpal bones are found in the ankle. _______________ _______________
43. An immovable joint is a suture. _______________ _______________
44. The radius is part of the axial skeleton. _______________ _______________
45. The cervical vertebrae are located in the neck. _______________ _______________
46. The cells that produce bone tissue are osteoblasts. _______________ _______________
47. Blood cells are formed in yellow bone marrow. _______________ _______________
48. A sideways curvature of the spine is called kyphosis. _______________ _______________
49. The term valgus means bent outward. _______________ _______________
Fill in the blanks:
50. The type of tissue that covers the ends of the bones at the joints is __________________________________.
51. The fluid that fills a freely movable joint is __________________________________.
52. A band of connective tissue that connects a bone to another bone is a(n)
__________________________________.
53. The part of the vertebral column that articulates with the ilium is the
__________________________________.
 CHAPTER 19 • THE SKELETON 571

54.The thigh bone is the __________________________________.

55. The study and treatment of disorders of the skeleton, muscles, and associated structures is
__________________________________.
56. The term costochondral refers to a rib and its __________________________________.
_
57. Spondylarthritis (spon-dil-ar-THRI -tis) is arthritis of the __________________________________.
_
58. Rachischisis (ra-KIS-ki-sis) is fissure of the __________________________________.
Define each of the following words:
_
59. chondrogenesis (kon-dro-JEN-i-sis) __________________________________
__ _
60. osteoplasty (OS-te-o-plas-te) __________________________________
_ _
61. arthrotome (AR-thro-tom) __________________________________
_ _ _
62. synovectomy (sin-o-VEK-to-me) __________________________________
63. peribursal (per-i-BER-sal) __________________________________
_ _ _ _
64. craniotomy (kra-ne-OT-o-me) __________________________________
_ _
65. spondylodynia (spon-di-lo -DIN-e-a) __________________________________
66. subcostal (sub-KOS-tal) __________________________________
__
67. iliopelvic (il-e -o -PEL-vic) __________________________________
_
68. coccygeal (kok-SIJ-e-al) __________________________________
Word building. Write a word for each of the following definitions:
69. within the cranium __________________________________
70. death (-necrosis) of bone tissue __________________________________
71. inflammation of bone marrow __________________________________
72. tumor of bone and cartilage __________________________________
73. surgical excision of cartilage __________________________________
74. fusion (-desis) of a joint __________________________________
75. narrowing of a joint __________________________________
76. instrument for examining the inside of a joint __________________________________
77. radiographic image of a joint __________________________________
78. stone in a bursa __________________________________
79. measurement of the pelvis __________________________________
80. pertaining to the sacrum and ilium __________________________________
81. pertaining to a vertebra (use vertebr/o) and a rib __________________________________
82. surgical excision of the coccyx __________________________________
83. near the sacrum __________________________________
84. inflammation of a joint __________________________________
572 PART 3 • BODY SYSTEMS

Adjectives. Write the adjective form of each of the following words:

85. cranium __________________________________
86. ilium __________________________________
87. coccyx __________________________________
88. pelvis __________________________________
89. vertebra __________________________________
Word analysis. Define each of the following words, and give the meaning of the word parts in each. Use a
dictionary if necessary.
_ _
90. achondroplasia (a-kon-dro-PLA-zha) __________________________________
a. a- _______________
b. chondr/o _______________
c. -plasia _______________
_ _
91. chondroblastoma (kon-dro-blas-TO -ma) __________________________________
a. chondr/o _______________
b. blast _______________
c. -oma _______________
_
92. spondylosyndesis (spon-di-lo -SIN-de-sis) __________________________________
a. spondyl/o _______________
b. syn- _______________
c. -desis _______________