Laparoscopic

Cholecystectomy
Surgery

Zyla Joyce Jalipa

What is a laparoscopic
cholecystectomy Surgery?
A less invasive surgical procedure that is
used to remove a sick gallbladder.

Incisions are on the right side of the

abdomen  in a few locations (belly).
The surgeon uses one incision to insert a
laparoscope, a thin tube with a camera on
the end. This shows gallbladder on a screen.
The gallbladder then gets removed through
another small incision.
 Laparoscopic
Method
This method makes 3 to 4 very tiny
incisions. It utilizes a laparoscope, a
long, thin tube. A tiny video camera and
surgical equipment are inside the tube.
Through the incisions, the tube, camera,
and tools are inserted. While operating,
the surgeon watches a TV display. One
of the cuts is used to remove the
gallbladder.
 Indications of surgery

Cholecystitis (Acute/Chronic)
Chronic cholecystitis develops from the painful condition known as acute cholecystitis. It is not
understood whether persistent cholecystitis creates any symptoms. Sharp, cramping, or dull pain in
your upper right or upper center belly may be a sign of acute cholecystitis.
Symptomatic cholelithiasis
Gallstones are hard, crystal-like deposits that can develop in the gallbladder under the liver. They
are sometimes referred to as symptomatic cholelithiasis. Although little stones are far more
prevalent, they can be as small as sand grains or as massive as golf balls.
Gallstone pancreatitis
Pancreatitis is an inflammatory and painful disease of the pancreas. The pancreas is a small organ
that produces fluids and enzymes to aid in the digestion of food. This is a natural part of the
digestive process. A gallstone can occasionally block your pancreatic duct, resulting in pancreatitis.
This is referred to as gallstone pancreatitis.
 Indications of surgery

Biliary dyskinesia- hypofucntion or hyperfunction

The exact cause of biliary dyskinesia, a symptomatic functional condition of the gallbladder,
remains unknown. It might be brought on by metabolic conditions that impair the GI tract's motility,
which includes the gallbladder, or by a basic change in the gallbladder's own motility.

Acalculous cholecystitis
Acalculous cholecystitis is a gallbladder illness that is acute, necroinflammatory, and has a complex
origin. It accounts for roughly 10 percent of all instances of acute cholecystitis and is associated
with substantial morbidity and death rates.
What is the
gallbladder?

Gallbladder is a small, pear-

shaped organ that stores and
releases bile.

Gallbladder is located in the

upper right part of the
abdomen (belly). It sits just
under the liver.
 What are the benefits of
laparoscopic cholecystectomy?

The laparoscopic procedure has several benefits:

Less pain.
Lower risk of complications.
Quicker recovery and return to regular activities.
Smaller wounds and scars.
 Who needs to have gallbladder removal?

A laparoscopic cholecystectomy provides relief for those with gallstones

that are infected and causing pain. Crystals called gallstones develop in the
gallbladder. They may obstruct the passage of bile from the gallbladder into
the digestive tract. This obstacle results in cholecystitis (inflammation of the
gallbladder). Gallstones can disperse throughout the body and harm other
organs.
 Equipments for
Laparoscopic
Cholecystectomy
Light source, preferably with two
video monitors
Laparoscope (telescope), 0° or 30°
(preferred)

The image is transmitted to a 2D

video screen and the laparoscope
magnifies the image as much as 16
times its normal size. The
magnification accentuates one's
natural tremor and the 2D view
eliminates the true perception of
depth.
Standard gas insufflation
equipment

Currently, carbon dioxide is the

most frequently used gas for
insufflation into the abdomen
during laparoscopic abdominal
surgery.
 Hasson trocar

Hasson proposed its potential benefits to be the

avoidance of blind insertion of the Veress needle
and bladed trocar, prevention of visceral and
vascular injuries, preperitoneal insufflation and gas
embolism, guaranteed pneumoperitoneum, and a
more anatomical repair of the abdominal wall.
 Blunt graspers

The use of silk or clips can produce

effective and safe ligation of the
cystic duct or artery during
laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
 Maryland dissector and L-
hook cautery

This is the most commonly used

dissecting forceps in laparoscopic
surgery. Usually known as a Maryland,
some surgeons call it a Crile. It has a
fine tip for grabbing a small bit of
peritoneum, but a relatively long length
allowing it to spread very wide when
used for blunt dissection
 Electrocautery equipment

Electrocauterization (or
electrocautery) is often used in
surgery to remove unwanted or
harmful tissue. It can also be used to
burn and seal blood vessels. This
helps reduce or stop bleeding during
surgery or after an injury. It is a safe
procedure.
 laparoscopic suction irrigator

The laparoscopic suction and

irrigation set is designed to
enable efficient aspiration
and/or irrigation during
laparoscopic procedures to
keep the abdominal cavity clear
of liquids and blood.
 Possible complications of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy?

Bile leaking in the body.

Bleeding.
Complications from anesthesia.
Hernia.
Injury to the bile ducts, liver or intestines.
Numbness in the surgical area.
Peritonitis.
Small scars from the incisions.
Urinary tract infection.
 Avoid lifting heavy things.
Drink plenty of water.
Eat foods high in fiber to help the bowel
Health movements (pooping).

Teachings
Follow the healthcare provider’s
instructions about taking care of the
wounds and taking medications.
Slowly increase activity.
Walk a little bit every day to prevent blood
clots.
 When to seek medical attention after gallbladder removal?

Chills.
Cramps in your abdomen or severe pain.
High fever (over 101 degrees Fahrenheit).
Incision problems, like bleeding, swelling, redness or a foul smell.
No bowel movement for three days.
Vomiting.
Yellow skin.
Thank youu