TCP/IP V6 ‫ل‬‫و‬  ‫ح‬

1
 ‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﺰاﻳﺎ اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ‪IPv6‬‬
‫‪:Address assignment features ‬ﻳﺘﻤﯿﺰ ھﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع ﺑﺴﮫﻮﻟﺔ‪ :‬إﻋﺎدة اﻟﺘﺮﻗﯿﻢ – اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻨﻮان‬
‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻲ‬
‫‪) :Aggregation ‬اﻟﺘﺠﻤﯿﻊ( ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺠﻤﯿﻊ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻨﺎوﻳﻦ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ اﺳﮫﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‬
‫‪:No need for NAT/PAT ‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻌﻨﺎوﻳﯿﻦ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻓﺈن ﺟﻤﯿﻊ اﻻﺟﮫﺰة ﺗﺴﺘﻄﯿﻊ اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮان‬
‫‪ :IPsec ‬ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ھﺬا اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﻮﻛﻮل ﻣﻊ ‪ IPv4 & IPv6‬وﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﻓﻲ ﻃﺮﻓﯿﺎت ‪IPv6‬‬
‫‪ : Header improvement ‬ﻻ ﻳﻘﻮم ‪ Router‬ﺑﺤﺴﺎب ‪ header checksum‬ﻟﻜﻞ ‪packet‬‬
‫‪ : Transition tools ‬ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻋﺪة ﺑﺮاﻣﺞ ﻟﻺﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﻦ ‪ IPv4‬اﻟﻰ ‪IPv6‬‬

‫ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﻦ ‪ IPv4‬اﻟﻰ ‪ IPv6‬ﻗﺪ ﺗﺄﺧﺬ ﻋﺪة ﺳﻨﻮات‬

‫‪Global Unicast Addressing, Routing, and Subnetting‬‬

‫ﻣﻊ ‪ IPv4‬ﺗﻘﻮم اﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎت ﺑﺤﺠﺰ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺧﺎص ﻟﮫﺎ وھﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ﻻ ﻳﻜﺮر ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ أھﻢ اﻟﻨﻘﺎط ﻓﻲ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ھﻲ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ Routing Table‬ﺑﺤﺠﻢ ﺻﻐﯿﺮ ﻗﺪر اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻄﺎع وﻣﻊ‬
‫ازدﻳﺎد اﻟﻄﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﺒﯿﺮ اﺻﺒﺤﺖ اﻟﻌﻨﺎوﻳﻦ ‪ Public IP‬ﻗﻠﯿﻠﺔ ﺟﺪا ﻟﺬﻟﻚ أﺻﺒﺢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬
‫‪ NAT/PAT‬ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﺎ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﺒﯿﺮ‬

‫‪1- Conventions for Representing IPv6 Addresses‬‬

‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ‪ IPv6‬ارﻗﺎم ﺑﻨﻈﺎم ‪ Hex‬وﻋﺪدھﺎ ‪ ٣٢‬ﺧﺎﻧﺔ وﺗﺮﺗﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ ٨‬اﺟﺰاء )‪ ( quartets‬وﻛﻞ ﺟﺰء ﻋﺒﺎرة‬
‫ﻟﻠﻔﺼﻞ ﺑﯿﻨﮫﺎ ‪ ،‬أي ان ھﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﺑـ ‪128 bit‬‬ ‫ﻋﻦ ‪ ٤‬ﺧﺎﻧﺎت ﺳﺖ ﻋﺸﺮﻳﺔ وﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬
‫‪2340:1111:AAAA:0001:1234:5678:9ABC‬‬
‫ﻋﺪد اﻷﺟﺰاء ھﻮ ‪ ٨‬أﺟﺰاء ﻓﻘﻂ وﻛﻞ ﺟﺰء ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ‪ ٤‬ﺧﺎﻧﺎت ﺳﺖ ﻋﺸﺮﻳﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ‬
‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﺧﺘﺼﺎر ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ھﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ إھﻤﺎل اﻟﺼﻔﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﯿﺴﺎر‬
‫‪ ‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل وﺟﻮد اﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ رﺑﻊ ﻳﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ اﺻﻔﺎر ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﺧﺘﺼﺎرھﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ ، ::‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬
‫ھﺬه اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻣﺮة واﺣﺪة ﻓﻘﻂ‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:‬‬
‫‪FE00:0000:0000:0001:0000:0000:0000:0056‬‬
‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﺧﺘﺼﺎر ھﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺘﯿﻦ‬
‫‪FE00::1:0:0:0:56‬‬
‫‪FE00:0:0:1::56‬‬
‫أﻣﺎ اﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎر اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ‪ FE00::1::56‬ﻓﮫﻮ ﺧﻄﺄ‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2- Conventions for Writing IPv6 Prefixes‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ‪ prefixe‬ھﻨﺎ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ block‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻨﺎوﻳﻦ اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ وھﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ﻧﺮاه ﻓﻲ ‪ Routing Table‬ﺣﯿﺚ أﻧﻪ ﻳﺸﯿﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮان اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﻓﻲ ‪IPv4‬‬
‫ﻳﺠﺐ اﻻﻧﺘﺒﺎه اﻟﻰ ان اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ‪ IPv4‬ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺘﯿﻦ ‪ classful :‬او ‪ classless‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬

‫اذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻮع ‪ ( 128.107.3.0/ 24) classful‬ﻓﺎن ﺧﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﺑـ ‪ ١٦‬ﺧﺎﻧﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻷن اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻔﺌﺔ ‪ B‬وﻳﺒﻘﻰ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ ٨‬ﺧﺎﻧﺎت ﻟﻠﺠﮫﺎز ز‪ ٨‬ﺧﺎﻧﺎت ﻟﺘﻤﺜﻞ ‪Subnets‬‬

‫اذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻮع ‪ classless‬ﻓﺎن اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ‪ 128.107.3.0‬ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﻋﻨﻮان اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ او ‪ prefix‬وﻃﻮﻟﻪ ھﻨﺎ ‪ ٢٤‬ﺧﺎﻧﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻮع ‪ IPV6‬ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﻨﻮع ‪ Classless‬ﻓﻘﻂ وﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﻧﻜﺘﺐ ‪ /‬واﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﻃﻮل ‪prefix‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬
‫‪2000:1234:5678:9ABC:1234:5678:9ABC:1111/64‬‬
‫ﺣﯿﺚ ان اﻟﺮﻗﻢ ‪ ٦٤‬ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﻃﻮل ‪ prefix‬وھﻮ ‪2000:1234:5678:9ABC :‬‬
‫واﻟﻌﻨﻮان ‪ 2000:1234:5678:9ABC:1234:5678:9ABC:1111‬ﺿﻤﻦ اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ‪2000:1234:5678:9ABC‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﻮان اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ‪ 2000:1234:5678:9ABC‬ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪2000:1234:5678:9ABC:0000:0000:0000:0000/64‬‬
‫او اﺧﺘﺼﺎرا‪:‬‬
‫‪2000:1234:5678:9ABC::/64‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬اذا ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻃﻮل ‪ prefix‬ﻟﯿﺲ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﺎت ‪ 16‬ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ ﻧﻜﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ اﻟﺨﺎﻧﺎت ﺑﺼﻔﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:‬‬
‫‪2000:1234:5678:9A00::/56‬‬
‫اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ ٥٦‬ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ‪ ٨+١٦+١٦+١٦ :‬وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻳﺒﻘﻰ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ ٨‬ﺧﺎﻧﺎت )ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﺘﯿﻦ ﺳﺖ ﻋﺸﺮﻳﺔ( ﺳﻮف‬
‫ﻧﻀﻊ ﻓﯿﮫﺎ أﺻﻔﺎر‬

‫‪3‬‬
Prefix Explanation Incorrect Alternative
2000::/3 All addresses whose first 3 bits are equal to 2000/3 (omits ::)
the first 3 bits of hex number 2000 (bits 2::/3 (omits the rest of the first
are 001) quartet)
2340:1140::/26 All addresses whose first 26 bits match the 2340:114::/26 (omits the last
listed hex number digit in the second quartet)
2340:1111::/32 All addresses whose first 32 bits match the 2340:1111/32 (omits ::)
listed hex number

:‫ﻣﺜﺎل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ‬

‫ ﺑﺖ‬٤٨ ‫( وﻃﻮﻟﻪ‬Site prefix ‫ او‬subnet prefix ) ‫ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺷﺒﻜﺔ‬2340:1111:AAAA ‫ ﺑﺈﻋﻄﺎء اﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﻌﻨﻮان‬ISP ‫ﻗﺎم‬
‫ ﺣﯿﺚ‬Subnet ‫ ﺧﺎﻧﺔ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ‬١٦ ‫ ﺑﺖ وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻳﺘﻜﻮن ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬٦٤ ‫( ﺛﻢ ﻗﻤﻨﺎ ﺑﺘﻮﺳﯿﻊ ھﺬا اﻟﺠﺰء ﻟﯿﺼﺒﺢ ﺑﻄﻮل‬١٦+١٦+١٦)
‫ او اﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ‬264 ‫ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺟﺰﺋﯿﺔ وﻛﻞ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺟﺰﺋﯿﺔ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ‬65,536 ‫ او‬216 ‫ﻳﺘﻜﻮن ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬
‫ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺟﺰﺋﯿﺔ‬1,000,000,000,000,000,000

‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻳﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﺠﺰﺋﺘﮫﺎ‬

2340:1111:AAAA:0001::/64 ‫اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺠﺰﺋﯿﺔ اﻻوﻟﻰ‬

0001 ‫ ﺧﺎﻧﺔ ﺗﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻨﻮان اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺠﺰﺋﯿﺔ‬٦٤ ‫ ھﻮ‬prefix ‫ﻧﻼﺣﻆ ﻣﻦ ھﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ان ﻃﻮل‬

4
‫‪IPv6 Protocols and Addressing‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﻻﺻﺪار ‪ IPv4‬ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺠﮫﺎز أن ﻳﻌﺮف ﻋﻨﻮان ‪ DNS Server‬وﻋﻨﻮان ‪ Default gateway‬وﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺠﺐ ان‬
‫ﻳﻜﻮن ﻟﻠﺠﮫﺎز ﻋﻨﻮان ‪ IP‬و ﻗﻨﺎع‬
‫ﻧﻔﺲ ھﺬه اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﻳﺠﺐ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﮫﺎ ﻣﻊ ‪ IPv6‬وﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻗﺎم ﺑﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻻﻋﺪادات ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﺤﺼﻞ اﻟﻄﺮﻓﯿﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬

‫‪DHCP for IPv6‬‬

‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﻄﺮﻓﯿﺎت ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ‪ DHCP‬ﻷﺧﺬ ﻋﻨﻮان ‪ IP‬وﺗﺠﺪدﻳﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻓﺘﺮة وﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻨﻮان ‪ DNS‬و ‪Default‬‬
‫‪ gateway‬ﺣﯿﺚ ان اﻟﻄﺮﻓﯿﺔ ﺗﺮﺳﻞ اﺷﺎرة ‪ multicast‬ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ‪DHCP server‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ‪ DHCP v4‬ﺗﻘﻮم اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﺑﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ ‪ Log‬ﻋﻦ اﻟﻄﺮﻓﯿﺎت وﻋﻦ اﻟﻌﻨﺎوﻳﻦ اﻟﺘﻲ وزﻋﺖ وﻓﺘﺮة اﻟﺘﺄﺟﯿﺮ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺪﻋﻰ ھﺬه‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﺑـ )‪) state information (stateful‬ﻳﻘﻮم ‪ DHCP‬ﺑﺈﻋﻄﺎء اﻟﻄﺮﻓﯿﺔ ﻛﻞ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ(‬
‫ﻣﻊ ‪ DHCP v6‬ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ اﺧﺘﯿﺎرﻳﻦ ‪ stateful :‬و ‪stateless‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻮع ‪ stateless‬ﺗﻄﻠﺐ اﻟﻄﺮﻓﯿﺔ ﻣﻦ ‪ Router‬ﻋﻨﻮان ‪ prefix‬ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ رﺳﺎﺋﻞ ‪ RA‬وﺗﻘﻮم اﻟﻄﺮﻓﯿﺔ ﺑﺒﻨﺎء ‪Host ID‬‬
‫وﺗﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ‪ DHCP‬ﻋﻨﻮان ‪ DNS Server‬و اﺳﻢ ‪Domain‬‬

‫ﻳﺘﻤﯿﺰ ﻋﻨﻮان ‪ multicast‬ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻋﺎم ھﻨﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪) FF00::/8‬أي ان اول ﺛﻤﺎن ﺑﺘﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ھﻲ ‪1111 1111‬‬
‫او ‪(FF‬‬
‫وﻋﻨﻮان ‪ multicast‬اﻟﺨﺎص ﺑـ ‪ DHCP v6‬ھﻮ ‪ FF02::1:2‬ﺣﯿﺚ ان ‪ Router‬ﻳﻤﺮر ھﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﻮان اﻟﻰ ‪ DHCP‬اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬

‫‪IPv6 Host Address Assignment‬‬

‫ﻋﺎدة ﻳﻌﻄﻰ ‪ Router‬ﻋﻨﻮان ‪ static‬وﺗﻌﻄﻰ اﻟﻄﺮﻓﯿﺎت ﻋﻨﻮان ‪dynamic‬‬

‫‪The IPv6 Interface ID and EUI-64 Format‬‬

‫ﻳﻤﻨﻊ ﺗﻜﺮار ‪ (Interface ID) Host ID‬ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬

‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ دﻣﺞ ﻋﻨﻮان ‪ MAC‬ﻟﻜﺮت اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻗﺴﻢ ‪ Host‬ﻣﻊ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ اﻟﺒﺖ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ اﻟﻰ ‪ ١‬ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﺴﻢ‬
‫اﻻول ﻓﻲ ‪MAC‬‬

‫‪5‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬
0034:5678:9ABC
:‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﺟﺮاء اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬
0234:56FF:FE78:9ABC
‫ ﺛﻢ ﻧﺤﻮل اﻟﺒﺖ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ )ﻣﻦ اﻟﯿﺴﺎر‬0000 0000 ‫ ﺛﻢ ﻧﺤﻮﻟﮫﺎ اﻟﻰ ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻲ‬00 ‫ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺄﺧﺬ اول ﺧﺎﻧﺘﯿﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺟﮫﺔ اﻟﯿﺴﺎر‬
02 ‫ وﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻠﻪ ﻳﻜﻮن‬0000 0010 ‫اﻟﻰ اﻟﯿﻤﯿﻦ( اﻟﻰ واﺣﺪ ﻓﯿﻜﻮن‬
EUI-64 ‫ﻳﺪﻋﻰ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﺑـ‬

Static IPv6 Address Configuration

:‫ﻋﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﯿﺪوﻳﺔ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ﺑﺈﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﺣﺪى اﻟﻄﺮق‬
(‫ ﺑﺖ‬١٢٨) ‫ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻳﺪوي ﻛﺎﻣﻼ‬-١
(‫ ﺑﺖ‬٦٤) EUI-64 ‫ ﺑﺈﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬Interface ID ‫ ﺑﺖ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻳﺪوي وﺑﻌﺪھﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎب‬64 ‫ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ اول‬-٢

IPv6 address address/prefix-length [eui-64] ‫ ﻓﻌﻼ ﻓﻲ وﺻﻠﺔ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻻﻣﺮ‬IPv6 ‫ﻟﺠﻌﻞ‬

‫ ﻓﯿﺠﺐ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ﻛﺎﻣﻼ‬eui-64 ‫وﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل ﻋﺪم ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ‬

! The first interface is in subnet 1, and will use EUI-64 as the Interface ID
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ipv6 address 2340:1111:AAAA:1::/64 eui-64

! The next interface spells out the whole 128 bits, abbreviated. The longer
! version is 2340:1111:AAAA:0003:0000:0000:0001/64. It is in subnet 2.
!
interface Serial0/0/1
ipv6 address 2340:1111:AAAA:2::1/64

! The third interface is in subnet 4, with EUI-64 format Interface ID again.

!
interface Serial0/1/1
ipv6 address 2340:1111:AAAA:4::/64 eui-64

6
R1#show ipv6 interface fa0/0
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::213:19FF:FE7B:5004
Global unicast address(es):
2340:1111:AAAA:1:213:19FF:FE7B:5004, subnet is 2340:1111:AAAA:1::/64 [EUI]

R1#show ipv6 interface S0/0/1

Serial0/0/1 is up, line protocol is up
IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::213:19FF:FE7B:5004
Global unicast address(es):
2340:1111:AAAA:3::1, subnet is 2340:1111:AAAA:3::/64

R1#show ipv6 interface s0/1/1

Serial0/1/1 is up, line protocol is up
IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::213:19FF:FE7B:5004
Global unicast address(es):
2340:1111:AAAA:4:213:19FF:FE7B:5004, subnet is 2340:1111:AAAA:4::/64 [EUI]

2340:1111:AAAA:3::1 ‫ ﺑﺖ وھﻮ‬١٢٨ ‫ ﻗﺪ ﻛﺘﺐ ﻛﺎﻣﻼ‬S0/0/1 ‫ﻧﻼﺣﻆ ان ﻋﻨﻮان‬

‫ ﻣﻊ‬Fa0/0 ‫ ﻟﻠﻮﺻﻠﺔ‬MAC ‫ وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺗﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬EUI-64 ‫ ﻗﺪ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺑﺈﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬S0/1/1 ‫ و‬Fa0/0 ‫ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ ﻋﻨﻮان‬
213:19FF:FE7B:5004 ‫ وﺑﻌﺪ إﺟﺮاء اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺎت اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﻳﺘﺤﻮل اﻟﻰ‬0013.197B.5004 ‫اﻟﻮﺻﻠﺘﯿﻦ وھﻮ‬

Stateless Autoconfiguration and Router Advertisements

‫ ﺑﺖ وﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ ﺗﻘﻮم ﺑﺤﺴﺎب اﻟﺠﺰء‬٦٤ ‫ وھﻮ ﻋﺎدة‬Prefix ‫ﻣﻊ ھﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع ﺗﻘﻮم اﻟﻄﺮﻓﯿﺔ ﺑﻤﺤﺎوﻟﺔ اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻨﻮان‬
EUI-64 ‫ ﺑﺈﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬Interface ID ‫اﻟﺨﺎص ﺑـ‬

‫ ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ‬multicast ‫ )اﻟﺘﻮﺳﻞ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ اﺷﺎرة‬Router Solicitation RS ‫ﺗﻘﻮم اﻟﻄﺮﻓﯿﺔ ﺑﺈرﺳﺎل رﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬
IPv6 ‫ ﻟﮫﺬه اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ وﻣﺎ ھﻮ ﻋﻨﻮان‬IPv6 prefix ‫ ﻣﺎ ھﻮ ﻋﻨﻮان‬: ‫ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد اﻟﺮد ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺴﺆال اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬Routers ‫ﺟﻤﯿﻊ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺒﻮاﺑﺔ اﻻﻓﺘﺮاﺿﯿﺔ‬

7
 ‫ﻋﻨﻮان اﻟﮫﺪف ﻓﻲ رﺳﺎﻟﺔ ‪ RS‬ھﻮ ‪ FF02::2‬وھﺬه اﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﺞ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ‪ ، DHCP Routers‬اﻣﺎ رﺳﺎﻟﺔ ‪RA‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻧﮫﺎ ﺗﺮﺳﻞ اﻟﻰ ﺟﻤﯿﻊ ﻃﺮﻓﯿﺎت ‪ IPv6‬اﻟﺘﻲ ارﺳﻠﺖ اﺷﺎرة ‪ RS‬ﺑﺈﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ‪FF02::1‬‬

‫‪IPv6 Address Configuration Summary‬‬

‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام ارﺑﻊ ﻃﺮق ﻹﻋﻄﺎء ‪ Host‬او ‪ Router Interface‬ﻋﻨﻮان ‪ IPv6‬وھﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪Static or Dynamic‬‬ ‫‪Option‬‬ ‫‪Portion Configured or‬‬

‫‪Learned‬‬
‫‪Static‬‬ ‫‪Do not use EUI-64‬‬ ‫‪Entire 128-bit address‬‬
‫‪Static‬‬ ‫‪Use EUI-64‬‬ ‫‪Just the /64 prefix‬‬
‫‪Dynamic‬‬ ‫‪Stateful DHCPv6‬‬ ‫‪Entire 128-bit address‬‬
‫‪Dynamic‬‬ ‫‪Stateless autoconfiguration‬‬ ‫‪Just the /64 prefix‬‬

‫ﻧﻼﺣﻆ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻄﺮق اﻟﯿﺪوﻳﺔ أﻧﻪ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺘﯿﻦ ‪ :‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ‪ ١٢٨‬ﺑﺖ أو ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻨﻮان ‪ Prefix‬وﻳﺘﻢ‬
‫ﺣﺴﺎب ﻋﻨﻮان ‪ Host‬ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ‪MAC‬‬

‫‪IPv6 Addresses‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺛﻼث أﻧﻮاع ﻟﮫﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﻮان‬
‫‪ : Unicast ‬ﻋﻨﻮان وﺣﯿﺪ ﻳﻌﻄﻰ ﻟـ ‪Interface‬‬
‫‪ :Multicast ‬ﻋﻨﻮان ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ أﺟﮫﺰة وﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ارﺳﺎل ‪ Packets‬اﻟﻰ ﺟﻤﯿﻊ أﻋﻀﺎء‬
‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬
‫‪:Anycast ‬ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮع ‪ Unicast‬ﻳﻌﻄﻰ ﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪ (Servers) Host‬ﻟﮫﻢ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻮﻇﯿﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫وﻋﻨﺪ ارﺳﺎل ‪ Packets‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺮﻓﯿﺎت اﻟﻰ ھﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ﻓﺎن اﻟـ ‪ Packets‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ اﻟﻰ اﻗﺮب ‪ Servers‬ﻣﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﻌﻤﻠﯿﺔ ‪Load Balancing‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺛﻼث اﻧﻮاع ﻟـ ‪ Unicast‬وھﻲ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪ : Global unicast ‬ﻋﻨﻮان ‪ Public‬ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻟﻠﺪﺧﻮل اﻟﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ وﻳﺤﺪد ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ‪ ICANN‬وﻋﺎدة‬
‫ﻳﻜﻮن ھﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ﺿﻤﻦ ‪ Prefix‬اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪ ) 2000::/3 :‬ﻳﺸﻤﻞ أي ﻋﻨﻮان ﻳﺒﺪأ ﺑـ ‪ 2 Hex‬او ‪(3 Hex‬‬
‫) اﻟﺜﻼث اﺻﻔﺎر ھﻲ ﻟﺘﻜﻤﻠﺔ ﻋﻨﻮان ‪ prefix‬وﻟﻮ ﺣﻮﻟﻨﺎ اﻟﺮﻗﻮ ‪ ٢‬اﻟﻰ اﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻲ ﺳﻮف ﻧﺠﺪ اﻧﻪ ‪ ٠٠١٠‬واذا اﺧﺬﻧﺎ‬
‫اول ﺛﻼث ﺧﺎﻧﺎت ﻣﻦ ﺟﮫﺔ اﻟﯿﺴﺎر ﻟﻜﺎن اﻟﺠﻮاب ھﻮ ‪ ٠٠١‬وﻧﻼﺣﻆ ان اﻻرﻗﺎم اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺒﺪأ ﺑﮫﺬا اﻟﺮﻗﻢ ھﻲ ‪ ٢‬او ‪٣‬‬
‫‪ ،٠٠١١ ٣ ، ٠٠١٠ =٢ ،‬وﺑﻘﯿﺔ اﻻرﻗﺎم ﻻ ﺗﺘﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪( 001‬‬

‫‪ : Unique local unicast‬ﻋﻨﻮان ﺧﺎص ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎت اﻟﻤﺤﻠﯿﺔ وھﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ‪Private‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪ Address‬ﻓﻲ ‪ ، IPv4‬ﺟﻤﯿﻊ ھﺬه اﻟﻌﻨﺎوﻳﻦ ﺗﺒﺪأ ﺑـ ‪) FD00::/8‬أﺣﯿﺎﻧﺎ ﺗﺪﻋﻰ ھﺬه اﻟﻌﻨﺎوﻳﻦ ﺑـ ‪(site local‬‬
‫اﻧﻈﺮ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬

‫‪8‬‬
 ‫ ﺑﺖ‬٦٤ ‫ ﺑﺖ ﻟﻠﺸﺒﻜﺎت اﻟﺠﺰﺋﯿﺔ و‬١٦ ‫ وﻳﺘﺒﻘﻰ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬، ‫ ﺑﺖ‬٤٠ ‫ واﻟﻤﻜﻮن ﻣﻦ‬Global ID ‫ﺣﯿﺚ ﻳﻘﻮم اﻟﻤﺪﻳﺮ ﺑﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻟﺘﻤﺜﯿﻞ اﻟﻄﺮﻓﯿﺎت‬

‫ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ھﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ﻛﻌﻨﻮان ﻣﺮﺳﻞ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ اﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ‬:Link local unicast 
.‫ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم ھﺬه اﻟﻌﻨﺎوﻳﻦ ﻻ ﺗﻤﺮر اﻟﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﺎت اﺧﺮى‬Packets ‫ و‬Local subnet ‫اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﯿﺔ‬
‫ وذﻟﻚ ﻹﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ ﻓﻲ وﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﻣﺤﺪدة‬link local ‫ ﺑﺤﺴﺎب ﻋﻨﻮان‬Packets ‫ﺗﻘﻮم اﻟﻄﺮﻓﯿﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ ارﺳﺎل أي‬
RS ‫ ﺣﯿﺚ ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ھﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ﻋﻨﻮان اﻟﻤﺮﺳﻞ ﻟﻠﻄﺮﻓﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ رﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬RS ‫ ارﺳﺎل اﺷﺎرة‬: ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬

‫ ( وﻳﺒﻘﻰ‬FE80-FE90-FEA0-FEB0 ‫ )ﻳﻨﺪرج ﺗﺤﺘﻪ اﻟﻌﻨﺎوﻳﻦ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬FE80::/10 ‫ﻣﺠﺎل ھﺬه اﻟﻔﺌﺔ ﻳﺒﺪأ ﺑـ‬
‫ ﺑﺖ ﻟﻠﻄﺮﻓﯿﺎت‬٦٤ ‫ و‬PREFIX ‫ ﺑﺖ ﻓﻲ‬٥٤ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬
:‫اﻧﻈﺮ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬

‫ ﺑﺤﺴﺎب ھﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﻮان‬Router ‫ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻮﺻﻠﺔ ﺣﯿﺚ ﻳﻘﻮم‬IPv6 ‫ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﻔﻌﯿﻞ‬Routers ‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ھﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﻮان اﻳﻀﺎ ﻣﻊ‬
،‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻊ اﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‬
R1#show ipv6 interface fa0/0
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::213:19FF:FE7B:5004
Global unicast address(es):
2340:1111:AAAA:1:213:19FF:FE7B:5004, subnet is 2340:1111:AAAA:1::/64 [EUI]

R1#show ipv6 interface S0/0/1

Serial0/0/1 is up, line protocol is up
IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::213:19FF:FE7B:5004
Global unicast address(es):
2340:1111:AAAA:3::1, subnet is 2340:1111:AAAA:3::/64

R1#show ipv6 interface s0/1/1

Serial0/1/1 is up, line protocol is up
IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::213:19FF:FE7B:5004
Global unicast address(es):
2340:1111:AAAA:4:213:19FF:FE7B:5004, subnet is 2340:1111:AAAA:4::/64 [EUI]

‫ ﺑﺪﻻ ﻣﻦ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻋﻨﻮان ﻋﺎم‬next-hop IP ‫ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻛﻌﻨﻮان‬FE80::213:19FF:FE7B:5004 ‫ﻧﻼﺣﻆ ان اﻟﻌﻨﻮان‬

unique local unicast ‫ او ﻋﻨﻮان ﺧﺎص‬global unicast

9
Multicast and Other Special IPv6 Addresses
‫اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻌﻨﺎوﻳﯿﻦ اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬

Purpose IPv6 Address IPv4 Equivalent

All IP nodes on the link FF02::1 Subnet broadcast address
All routers on the link FF02::2 N/A
OSPF messages FF02::5, FF02::6 224.0.0.5, 224.0.0.6
RIP-2 messages FF02::9 224.0.0.9
EIGRP messages FF02::A 224.0.0.10
DHCP relay agents (routers FF02:1:2 N/A
that forward to the DHCP
server)
Loopback IP ::1 (127 bin 0s and a 1) 127.0.0.1
Unknown IP :: (all bin 0s) 0.0.0.0

IPv6 ‫ﻛﯿﻒ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﻄﺮﻓﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ‬

‫ وھﺬا اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ھﻮ ﻋﻨﻮان‬FE80::/10 ‫ واﻟﺬي ﻳﺒﺪأ ﺑـ‬link local address ‫ﺗﻘﻮم اﻟﻄﺮﻓﯿﺔ ﺑﺤﺴﺎب ﻋﻨﻮان‬ .١
‫اﻟﻤﺮﺳﻞ‬
( FE02::2 ‫ ﺿﻤﻦ‬Routers ‫ )ﻳﻜﻮن ﻋﻨﻮان‬Routers ‫ ﺣﯿﺚ ﻳﻜﻮن اﻟﮫﺪف ھﻮ ﺟﻤﯿﻊ‬RS ‫ﺗﺮﺳﻞ اﻟﻄﺮﻓﯿﺔ اﺷﺎرة‬ .٢
‫ وﻃﻮﻟﻪ‬prefix ‫ و ﻋﻨﻮان‬Default gateway ‫ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺑـ‬
‫ وﺗﺮﺳﻞ ھﺬه اﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻰ ﺟﻤﯿﻊ‬link local ‫ ھﻮ ﻋﻨﻮان‬Router ‫ ﺣﯿﺚ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻋﻨﻮان‬RA ‫ ﺑﺈﺷﺎرة‬Router ‫ﻳﺮد‬ .٣
‫اﻟﻄﺮﻓﯿﺎت ﻹﻋﻄﺎﺋﮫﺎ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ‬
:‫ ﻓﺎن اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺳﻮف ﻳﺤﺪث‬stateless autoconfiguraion ‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل ﻛﺎن ﻧﻮع اﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ اﻟﺘﻠﻘﺎﺋﯿﺔ ھﻮ‬ .٤
(RA ‫ )اﻟﺬي ﺣﺼﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻣﻦ اﺷﺎرة‬prefix ‫ اﻟﺨﺎص ﺑﮫﺎ ﻣﻦ‬unicast ‫ ﺗﻘﻮم اﻟﻄﺮﻓﯿﺔ ﺑﺤﺴﺎب ﻋﻨﻮان‬.a
Interface ID ‫ ﻟﺤﺴﺎب‬EUI-64 ‫وﺗﻀﯿﻒ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ‬
Domain ‫ واﺳﻢ‬DNS Server ‫ ﻋﻨﻮان‬DHCP Server ‫ ﺗﻄﻠﺐ اﻟﻄﺮﻓﯿﺔ ﻣﻦ‬.b
‫ وﻃﻮل‬IP ‫ ﻋﻨﻮان‬DHCP ‫ ﻓﺎن اﻟﻄﺮﻓﯿﺔ ﺗﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ‬Statful DHCP ‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل ﻛﺎن ﻧﻮع اﻟﻌﻨﻮﻧﺔ اﻟﺘﻠﻘﺎﺋﯿﺔ ھﻮ‬ .٥
Domain ‫ واﺳﻢ‬DNS ‫ وﻋﻨﻮان‬default gateway ‫ وﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻋﻨﻮان‬prefix

10
‫‪IPv6 Routing Protocols‬‬
‫اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ‪ Routing protocols‬اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻣﻊ ‪IPv6‬‬
‫‪Routing Protocol‬‬ ‫‪Full Name‬‬ ‫‪RFC‬‬
‫‪RIPng‬‬ ‫‪RIP Next Generation‬‬ ‫‪2080‬‬
‫‪OSPFv3‬‬ ‫‪OSPF version 3‬‬ ‫‪2740‬‬
‫‪MP-BGP4‬‬ ‫‪Multiprotocol BGP-4‬‬ ‫‪2545/4760‬‬
‫‪EIGRP for IPv6‬‬ ‫‪EIGRP for IPv6‬‬ ‫‪Proprietary‬‬

‫اﺟﺮﻳﺖ ﻋﺪة ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻼت ﻋﻠﻰ ھﺬه اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻت ﻟﺪﻋﻢ ‪ IPv6‬ﺣﯿﺚ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ اﻟﺮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﺣﯿﺚ ﺗﻢ‬
‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام ‪ Header‬ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻓﻤﺜﻼ اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﻮﻛﻮل ‪ RIPng‬ﻳﺮﺳﻞ اﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ رﺳﺎﺋﻞ ‪ Multicast‬ﺑﺈﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ‪ FF02::9‬ﺣﯿﺚ اﻧﮫﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ‪ link local unicast‬ﻛﻌﻨﻮان ﻟـ ‪ Next hop‬ﻟﻠﺠﮫﺎز اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫اﻣﺎ اﻟﻤﺰاﻳﺎ اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﯿﺔ ﻓﺒﻘﯿﺖ ﻧﻔﺴﮫﺎ‬

‫‪IPv6 Configuration‬‬
‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ اﻓﺘﺮاﺿﻲ اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﻮﻛﻮل ‪ IPv4‬ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻲ أﻣﺎ اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﻮﻛﻮل ‪ IPv6‬ﻓﯿﺠﺐ ﺗﻔﻌﯿﻠﻪ ﻳﺪوﻳﺎ ﻓﻲ ‪Router‬‬
‫وﻳﺠﺐ إﻋﻄﺎء ﻛﻞ وﺻﻠﺔ ﻋﻨﻮان ‪IPv6‬‬
‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻔﻌﯿﻞ ﺑﺮوﺗﻮﻛﻮل اﻟﺘﻮﺟﯿﻪ ﻳﺪوﻳﺎ ﻓﻲ ‪ Router‬وﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ وﺻﻠﺔ )ھﻨﺎ ﻻ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻣﺮ ‪ Network‬وﻟﻜﻦ ﻧﻔﻌﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﻮﻛﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻮﺻﻼت اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ‬

‫أي ﺑﺮوﺗﻮﻛﻮل ﻧﺘﺒﻊ اﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻔﻌﯿﻞ‬

‫ﺗﻔﻌﯿﻞ ‪ IPv6 routing‬ﻓﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺠﮫﺎز ﺑﺈﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻻﻣﺮ ‪ipv6 unicast-routing‬‬ ‫‪-١‬‬
‫ﺗﻔﻌﯿﻞ اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﻮﻛﻮل اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب ﻓﻤﺜﻼ ﻟﺘﻔﻌﯿﻞ ‪ RIPng‬ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻻﻣﺮ‪ipv6 router rip name :‬‬ ‫‪-٢‬‬
‫إﻋﻄﺎء ﻛﻞ وﺻﻠﺔ ﻋﻨﻮان ‪ Ipv6‬ﺑﺈﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻻﻣﺮ ‪ipv6 address address/prefix-length [eui-64] :‬‬ ‫‪-٣‬‬
‫ﺗﻔﻌﯿﻞ ﺑﺮوﺗﻮﻛﻮل اﻟﺘﻮﺟﯿﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻮﺻﻼت ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺜﻼ ﻣﻊ ﺑﺮوﺗﻮﻛﻮل ‪ RIP‬ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻻﻣﺮ ‪ipv6 rip name enable‬‬ ‫‪-٤‬‬
‫ﺣﯿﺚ ان ‪ name‬ھﻨﺎ ﻳﺘﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻓﻲ اﻻﻣﺮ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻄﺮ ‪ ٢‬و ﻳﺸﺘﺮط ان ﻳﻜﻮن‬
‫اﻻﺳﻢ ﻣﻮﺣﺪا ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﯿﻊ ‪Routers‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬
‫‪R1#show running-config‬‬

‫‪! this command used to enable Ipv6 routing‬‬

‫‪ipv6 unicast-routing‬‬

‫‪interface FastEthernet0/0‬‬
‫‪ipv6 address 2340:1111:AAAA:1::/64 eui-64‬‬
‫‪ipv6 rip atag enable‬‬
‫‪!the last command used to enable RIP in fa0/0‬‬

‫‪interface Serial0/0/1‬‬
‫‪ipv6 address 2340:1111:AAAA:2::1/64‬‬
‫‪11‬‬
ipv6 rip atag enable
interface Serial0/1/1
ipv6 address 2340:1111:AAAA:4::/64 eui-64
ipv6 rip atag enable

ipv6 router rip atag

! the last command used to enable RIP in Router

R1#show ipv6 route

IPv6 Routing Table - 10 entries

Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP

U - Per-user Static route
I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2

R ::/0 [120/2] via FE80::213:19FF:FE7B:2F58, Serial0/1/1

C 2340:1111:AAAA:1::/64 [0/0] via ::, FastEthernet0/0

L 2340:1111:AAAA:1:213:19FF:FE7B:5004/128 [0/0] via ::, FastEthernet0/0

C 2340:1111:AAAA:2::/64 [0/0] via ::, Serial0/0/1

L 2340:1111:AAAA:2::1/128 [0/0] via ::, Serial0/0/1

R 2340:1111:AAAA:3::/64 [120/2] via FE80::213:19FF:FE7B:5026, Serial0/0/1

C 2340:1111:AAAA:4::/64 [0/0] via ::, Serial0/1/1

L 2340:1111:AAAA:4:213:19FF:FE7B:5004/128 [0/0] via ::, Serial0/1/1

L FE80::/10 [0/0] via ::, Null0

L FF00::/8 [0/0] via ::, Null0

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R1#show ipv6 interface brief

FastEthernet0/0 [up/up]
FE80::213:19FF:FE7B:5004 --------- link local (automatically generated)
2340:1111:AAAA:1:213:19FF:FE7B:5004 --------- global unicast

FastEthernet0/1 [up/up]
unassigned

Serial0/0/0 [administratively down/down]

unassigned

Serial0/0/1 [up/up]
FE80::213:19FF:FE7B:5004
2340:1111:AAAA:2::1

Serial0/1/0 [administratively down/down]

unassigned

Serial0/1/1 [up/up]
FE80::213:19FF:FE7B:5004
2340:1111:AAAA:4:213:19FF:FE7B:5004

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