Petroleum Production Surface

Department
Equipment

4th Stage
Lecture 3 – Pump Types

Kewan Jalil
Email- Kewan.Jaleel@gmail.com

2022 – 2023
Outline
01 Introduction

02 Pump Types

03 Summary

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01 Introduction
❑ Pumps are essential devices required in every oil and gas operations. Basically, they help
transfer process fluids from one point to another.
● For example, a pump can be used to transfer crude oil from a storage tank to a pipeline and
mud pumps are used to circulate drilling mud into the annulus of a drill bit.

Figure 1: Centrifugal Pump

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02 Pump Types
❑ Types of Pumps

● Centrifugal Pump
● Reciprocating Pump
● Diaphragm Pump
● Gear Pump
● Screw Pump

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02 Pump Types
❑ Centrifugal Pumps

● Centrifugal pumps are the most common types of pumps used in the oil and gas industry.
● Centrifugal pumps use centrifugal force through the rotation of the pump impeller to draw
fluid into the intake of the pump and force it through the discharge section.
● The flow through the pump is controlled by discharge flow control valves.

Figure 2 : Centrifugal Pump 5

02 Pump Types
❑ Centrifugal Pumps

❖ Specifications:

1. Economical

2. Suitable for almost all types of fluids.

3. Suitable for high capacity.

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02 Pump Types
❑ Reciprocating Pumps

● Reciprocating pumps use the reciprocating motion of plungers and pistons to pressurize fluid
in an enclosed cylinder to a piping system.
● A relief valve is an essential part of any plunger pump discharge piping system to prevent
over-pressuring of the pump and piping system.

Figure 3 : Reciprocating Pump 7

02 Pump Types
❑ Reciprocating Pumps

❖ Specifications:

1. Suitable for high pressure applications

2. Flowrate is independent of discharge pressure

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02 Pump Types
❑ Diaphragm Pumps

● Diaphragm pumps are one of the most versatile types of oil and gas pumps in the industry
and transfer fluid through positive displacement with a valve and diaphragm.
● Diaphragm pumps are suitable for high-volume fluid transfer operations in oil refineries.
● They also require much less maintenance than Reciprocating pumps due to their fewer
moving parts and less friction during operation.

Figure 4 : Diaphragm Pump 9

02 Pump Types
❑ Diaphragm Pumps

❖ Specifications:

1. Flowrate is independent of discharge pressure

2. Low capacity with small stroke

3. Easily handle corrosive and erosive services

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02 Pump Types
❑ Gear Pumps

● A gear pump uses the meshing of gears to pump fluid by displacement.

● A Gear Pumps often utilized for clean fluids since the pushed fluid passes between the
narrow gear tolerances.
● Gear pumps are also widely used for chemical transfer applications for high viscosity fluids.

Figure 5 : Gear Pumps 11

02 Pump Types
❑ Gear Pumps

❖ Specifications:

1. Relatively low capacity

2. Suitable for viscous fluids

3. Suitable for pumping lubrication oil

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02 Pump Types
❑ Screw Pumps

● Screw pumps typically consist of two suitably threaded screws turning in a fix casing.
● Their working principle is like meat grinders.

Figure 6 : Screw Pump

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02 Pump Types
❑ Screw Pumps

❖ Specifications:

1. Less noise, vibration and pulsation than gear pumps

2. Smooth discharge flowrate

3. Suitable for pumping lubrication oil

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Summary
1. What is the Pump?

2. What is the Centrifugal, Reciprocating, Diaphragm, Gear, Screw Pumps? and write their
specifications.

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