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Home > EN ISO 11064-5 - Ergonomic design of control centres - Part 5: Displays and controls

EN ISO 11064-5 - Ergonomic design of control centres -

Part 5: Displays and controls
Submitted by superadmin on Mon, 10/22/2012 - 14:45
HP Activity Categories:
Design of working environment and human-machine interfaces [1]
Resource Type:
Guideline
Abstract:

ISO 11064-5: 2008 presents principles and gives requirements and recommendations for
displays and controls, and their interaction, in the design of control-centre hardware and
software.

ISO 11064-5 deals primarily with the display and input of data to monitor and/or operate
processes from control centres. It establishes requirements that shall and recommendations
that should be matched by displays and controls.

References

Developer and source:

ISO – International Organisation for Standardization

Year of development / publication, updates etc:

2008

General Description

Purpose:

This part of the ISO 11064 concentrates on principles and procedures, which are applicable
for the design of a human-machine interface used in control centres. These interface
considerations are relevant for operators, supervisors and maintainers of systems. This part of
ISO 11064 is intended for use by project managers, purchasers, system designers &
specifiers and those developing operator interfaces.

The purpose is to maximize the safe, reliable, efficient and comfortable use of displays and
controls in control centre applications. For this reason, rules and recommendations based
upon ergonomic findings are established for

selection of appropriate display and control types

 structuring and presentation of information on screens, monitors, displays
establishing control and dialogue procedures

Type (e.g. observation, questionnaire, interview, checklist, measurement instrument, etc.):

Guidance material

Technical description of method or tool etc

Description of the content/study:

This standard focuses on the main principles for the selection, design and implementation of
controls, displays and human system interactions for operation and supervision. The
approach adopted by this standard has been to identify general principles of good practices
that should be supported by information accessed from human factors publications and other
ergonomic standards.

The usage of displays and controls in control centres differs from that typically found in offices
and other non-control situations. For instance control room activities are characterised by
being driven by external events occurring within the control process, requiring a human
response in real time, dynamic/ changing environment, information derived from a variety of
sources, and involving team-work with resources within and outside the control room.

For these reason, the standards required in a control environment may have to be more
stringent than those in an office environment (cf. ISO 9241: Ergonomic requirements for office
work with visual display terminals (VDTs)).

The norm comprises of several chapters. It includes:

Definitions of the relevant terms

24 Principles for the ergonomic design of human-system interfaces which are divided
into 8 general principles, those related to displays (6) and those specific to control and
interaction (7). Each principle is shortly described and for each several key questions
are provided to be used for verification.
Example: General Principle 2: Information requirements. The operators at the human-
system interface shall be provided with all the information they need to accomplish their
task.
Key questions (excerpt): Does the operator get the information required to accomplish
his task in a timely and satisfactory way? Has appropriate information been provided for
the operator to maintain situational awareness? Is all the information presented relevant
to the task? Does the interface design avoid obstruction of important information? Etc.
Process for display and control specification
As a starting point the design process shall take account of earlier decisions previously
developed when applying ISO 11064-1 Ergonomic design of control centres -- Part 1:
Principles for the design of control centres.
Then general considerations are described, e.g. concerning composition of the design
team, necessary evaluation and an iterative approach.
The design process itself is composed of seven steps:
1. Information flow analysis between operator and system
2. Develop a general approach to the interface design
 3. Develop initial interface concepts
4. Prototyping and testing initial interface concepts
5. Finalise project guidelines on interface design
6. detailed design of control & display interface
7. Verification and validation
Alarms
which describes high-level requirements and recommendations
Annex
which contains informative guidelines in 5 sections:
1. Guidance on information presentation
2. Guidance on user interface interaction
3. Guidance on controls
4. Soft controls, overview displays, communication systems and CCTV
5. Guidance on alarm systems
The material presented in the annex highlights aspects of particular relevance for screen-
based control room design. It describes in more detail certain steps of the design
process of the main document (see above). For each section of the annex flow charts
are presented to describe the sequence of activities. Partly concrete measures and
recommendations are given, yet a lot is generic and needs interpretation by a skilled
human factors expert.

Technical requirements for using the method, tool, etc:

The norm is available as paper version or electronically as a PDF document. No special

technical requirements are necessary for applying the norm.

Measure/Response Type:

not applicable

Results obtained and interpretation:

not applicable

Evaluation

Advantages:

The norm provides a good overview of the factors and principles which need to be considered
when designing displays and controls for the control room.

Checklists with key questions help that relevant issues are considered.

The annex gives useful examples and recommendations.

Disadvantages:

Partly the guidelines are rather generic and require a high degree of HF competence to be
applied. No ‘turnkey solutions’ are provided.

Alternative Methods:
Stanton, N., Salmon, P., Jenkins, D & Walker, G. (2009): Human Factors in the Design and
Evaluation of Central Control Room Operations. CRC Press Inc.

Other published ergonomic standards and guidance, drawn also from other domains, provide
additional information which the control room designer may find helpful.

ISO 9355: Ergonomic requirements for the design of displays and control actuators.

ISO 9241-3: 1992, Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals
(VDTs) – Part 3: Visual display requirements.

Usability (ease of use, efficiency, effectiveness)

Ease of use:
Partly, the guideline offer good examples and checklists, on the other hand some parts are
rather generic which requires HF expertise to understand.

Efficiency:
High level checklists helps that all relevant factors/ principle for display and control design are
considered.

Effectiveness:
Partly generic, needs interpretation and background knowledge to be applied in practice, does
not guarantee a ‘perfect’ design, iterative approach necessary including validation with end-
users.

Ease of use:
medium
Efficiency:
medium
Effectiveness:
medium
Constraints concerning conditions of use:

The standards provide a source of reference, but designers without HF experience may
encounter difficulties applying the guidelines/recommendations. To apply guidelines
successfully, designers need to understand the design goals and benefits of each guideline,
the conditions under which the guideline should be applied, the precise nature of the
proposed solution, and any procedure that must be followed to apply the guideline.

Reliability:

not applicable

Validity:

not applicable

Required effort (to conduct & to analyse):

not applicable

Level of HF expertise needed (required user qualification)

A lot of the described process and guidelines require the understanding and interpretation of a
skilled HF expert to apply the recommendations provided.

High: high level of expertise required, only for experts, lots of training required

Cost Information

The norm can be purchased online at iso.org. All ISO publications are protected by copyright.
Therefore and unless otherwise specified, no part of an ISO publication may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
microfilm, scanning, without permission in writing from the publisher.

Costs 154 CHF (June 2012) which equates to approx. 125 € therefore it is considered as

Low: (<1000 €) low costs to purchase, no special devices necessary

Experiences of use by SESAR partners (including references):

not available

Reported and/or published experiences of use (including references):

not available

Applicability to lifecycle phase (E-OCVM):

The guideline is of relevance after scope and feasibility are analysed and the decision for
building a certain system has been made. Thus the guideline applies for V3.

Application Area:

Though this norm applies to all kinds of control rooms, e.g. power plants, it offers many
principles and recommendations which can be applied to ATC centres as well.

Keywords:

ISO, displays, controls, guidelines, alarms, requirements, information, system

Short Description:

This part of ISO 11064 presents principles and gives requirements and recommendations for
displays and controls, and their interaction, in the design of control-centre hardware and
software. It deals primarily with the display and input of data to monitor and/or operate
processes from control centres.

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