COr\JTlNTS

General Guid e
"i.f :>ChJCt 0~
Li":lac\<.ng :.~e Met;; · -·-· -··- · · - ··-· -·· ·· · ·· · · ·
Ow1ay .. · _· :- ~· ~ ·: ·:.:. · ··· ····· ··· -· ·- --··- · ······ - ·· ·
Connectors . .. ..... .. ...... .. · - · ·- - · ·· ········ ·--· ••·· ·· · -··· · ·
Ke ... -··--··----•·· .. . ·- . ·-··· -- .. . . .. - ...
Co~~: !ti~g th; Ei~~~;~·d~ H·~i'de~-··· · · · · --· ······-··-·--···--·-·· · ··· -·-· ··-···· -······· ··
Connecting the Sensor ··--··-· ··-·•·-··-· ···-·-···· - · ··· ·· · - - -· · ·· ·
Connecting the Power Ad~;t;r ··· ······--··· ·~::~:· ...:: ...- .
Power On/Ott ··-·····- ···········-··-··· ·-- - -- - - - ---
General Options in Setup Menu _ __ ____ _ _ _ ·-····· ··- .. . ....... .
_ _ _ __
Setting the Default Parameters ···•·····•···-··········-············•-··········-- -·-
Setting the Date and Time _ _ _ __ ·-- --- ---
· - - -- -- - - - -·-·-···- ········
Temperature Calibration ···---· ······-····· ·•·······················-···········-············· ..........
... ...................
pH Calibration and Measurement
Preparation of pH Buffer Solutions
Prior to Use _ _ _ __ __ _ _ __ _ - - - -
- ····-···-·--·· -·•·-•-·-··· .. ·-···•···•··-··.
Setup Menu - - - -- - - - - - - - -- - --
- -·····•·--·····- ··--·-····-•··-·········-· ........ .
Temperature Compensation _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __
- - - --·-•········ ···••-··················· ... .. .. . .
pH Calibration - - -- - -- - - - - - -- -
-
• Single Point Calibration _ _ _ _ __ _ ___ __ - - · -············-····--······ ·····-··- ... . . ..... .
__ ___ _ ...... ......... ··-· ..... .
• Multi•Point Calibration - -- - -- - - - - --
- -- - ···••-•·-····- ... ··-····• -···· ...... .. .
• pH calibration with the user·defined buffers
··- ··-···-- ·-·· -·-···· ....... ·-·-- .... ·-
Calibration Report - - - - - -- - · -- - - - -
pH Measurement - - - - - · ·-···-··•·······•····- -
- - - - ··········· ···-·
Optional pH Electrodes
Electrode Care and Maintenance _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ . -············· ·•···-······· . . . .. .. -·
_ - - -- - - ···•·················· __ ..
• Cleaning the Electrode - - - - - - -- - - - -
-- - - -•·•···· ... ........ . .. -· .. ·-· . ·-
• Reactivating the Electrode - - - - - - -- - --
- - - - - --····················••· ..
• How to prepare the electrode storage solution - - - - -
· -- -- --- -··· ··· ...... ... ... .
ORP Calibration and Measurement
Optional OAP Electrodes _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _
_ _ _ __ _ __
Prior to Use · - · - - - - - - - - - -- ---- -
------ · ·····-·-·~ ------ ...... .
Setup Menu · - - - - - - - - - · -- - - - -
- - - - - - -- ···-··· ............
OAP Measurement - - - - - - - - - - - - --
-----
OAP Calibration ...- - - - - - - - - - - - -
-- --········•·-··· ....
Calibration Report . .- - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - -- -- -
How to prepare OAP standard solutions - - - - -- -
----
Ion Calibration and Measurement
Prior to Use •·--···- -·-······-·- -······-·-··· · - · - - - - - -
- -- - - -..-..-............
Setup Menu --·-··-----·-··- ·-·: ··-···········- -- - - - -- --·· ·· · ····-· ····· ····
Selecting the Calibration Points ··-···- ·············-·-·
. . ··-······· ..
. .
Selectmg the Ion Valence •·····-•·~-···-- ··· --·· ·············-·····
·····-···-··-·-··········- - -··· ··· ·······•····· •· .....
Selectmg the Concentration Unit -········-·-·-······· ·-·············-····
··················· ·······-··· ··
Temperature Compensat10~ ···-···-- -·--· --····· ··· ······•·······- --
·· · ·· · · ·· - ········ -······ ··· · ·· ·
Ion Concentration Cahbratmn •-···- -····- - ··•··· ······· - · ·····
CaJrbration Rep.art · ·· · - · --· · ·-· ···-
·~~:.:.:=:~~..· .:· ··: ·-····~:···~· · ··
,.,.,.cc.-nt1'8ti0n Measu rement
-··:·..
!Oil i.,v , '
,.,.
·- --··-- ·
n ode Care and Maintenance
' ,eetr'tal loo s,>tec Et trodes
[Jf]t!O t1.ie ec
l tu,dm ti, it, 1OS/ ~c1llni tv / Rc~i'->tivity
t ,\lilu Jtlon and \ \c,1sure ment

..:.. • ~ \ •£r t, -·· .

5;;ct ng tt,e Conduct1v1ty Electro·- de.. ......··-·.... ....·····--·-. - ··-··--·
··• . - ·-·· ... ····- .
··· ...... ... .... : .:~::::~..._:: ......:~.::...~: ··-·-·.
Se ect•rg the Cell Consta nt . -··········--···· ........... ·-· ··-·-···---·-····· ·-·· - · .. ·····-· ···•-··••..... .
~e:11 p.erature Compensat ion . ········--···-··-· .. ·········---·-···· ···-·--·-·-··· ·-·
····-·-·· ···- ... ·····-· -········-···· ··-·. . ·-······· ...... .. . . . ..
Ca' brati on ····--···· ·· ··-··-·· - - - - - ·-··-·-- ···--- - - ·····- ······--· ·- ······-···--·- .. ····-·-····-····· ···-•···· .
• S,ngle Point Calibr ation .......... ···-··········· ····- ········ -- ··-········-·---
··-···· ··-
• Multi-Point Calibr ation ........ -··- ·····--·-·-······- - ······- - - --·····
·······- -· -···--•····- - -····--···-·-· ··- ·- ········--•······-··
• Manual Calibration ··- ··············-·······••······ -·······-········-·-··-·- - - - ·-·-
-····· ···--···- -·····-···- - - ·· ···-··
Calibr ation Report ··-·-···-······-··--·····- - -·-··-·· -···-····-·--·····--··- --· .- - ..... -

Measurement .. ···-·-····--·-······· ··· ·-· --- ---- --· ·· --· ... ··- -·······- ••· ...... ... .

Electrode Care and Maintenance · - - ·······-····- ········ - - - -·· - ····· ···- ·· - ··· ..
Appendix ··········-····-·-···-··-·-- ······- - - - -- - -···············-···· .. ··--··- - ······-·······--····· ··-···- ... ····-· . ·• ......... .
• How to prepare the conductivity standard solut ions ··-·······-······-··- ·- - - - -- - - -······ ·•··-···········-- ·-···· .. . .... . ...
······ - - - - -- · ···-·······
• How to calculate the temperature coefficient ·-····-····-··········- - ······--·- ···- ··· -···· ·· ······•• .......... ..... .
- -- - - ··-····················-·············-·· .... . ... ... .
• How to calculate the tds conversion factor ························ ····-······
-·········· ·······••···•·············· · -- - -·..········- ···· .. . . - ..- . ··- ...... .

Dissolved Oxy~en Calibration and Measuremen

t
Refilling Electrolyte Solution ······················ ························-·········-············-·········
·························-·-····- ················-···-··········•··-·- --·• • -·····-···· -·· .....
Prior to Use - - - - - - - -······ ···•··-·····················-··········-·················-··- ······ ······-···--··-···· -- - -
Setup Menu .......... · -- _ __ - - -··-·················· - - - - - ········ -··•-•· ••-· .... .
Setting the Atmospheric Pressure ·····························-····-········..···-·····-············
······- - - - · - - -- - - ·········••····-···--··- ····-·····.. ........ .
Setting the Salinity Coefficient --- ·················-··•··•-··········--·········
·- - - - -- ___
DO Calibration in % Saturation Mode ············ ·····················-··················-····
········· · · - - - - -- - -- - - --- ·-·-··. . ........
• 100% Saturation Calibration - - -··························•·············- -
- - - - - - - -- - ·······················-· ·· . .......... ·-··
• 2 Points Calibration - - - -- ·- -----------------·-·-········-
- - • - - - ---- -------········-·-····-······· ···--········-·······-----·--····--·-·· -
DO Calibration in mg/L or ppm Mode _ _
• Single Point Calibration _ _ _ _ __ · --
- - - - - - - - - -- - · -
-- ·- - -··- -··········- -·····•··• .
• 2 Points Calibration --······- · · - - - - - - - - - - -- ·
00 Measurement _ _ _ _ __ - -- - · - -- - - - - - -- · ··· ·- ......... _ .
- - - - - - -- - -- - - - -- -··-············· .. ···-···- ··· - - · - •-·--
Electrode Care and Maintenance _ _ _ _ _ __ .......... .. ..
- - - - - - - · · · · · - · · · ·•·······-
·····-············- -
How to prepare the zero oxygen solution ..--- -··· ·····-············
- -- - - - - -

Communication and Data Stora~e

Storing and Recalling Data ---..·-- - -················-- -----------------------.. - - - - - -- - - ·····-··-·· - ······•········
• Memory Input __ __ __ _ ·····--····· · - - -- . ...

• Memory Recall _ _ _ _ __ _
Communication Software _ _ __
• Running the Software _ __ __
• Receiving the Stored Data ···· ··-- · - - - -- -
• Searching the Data _ _ __ _
• Print the Report _ _ _ _ _ _
Data Recall ____
- - -·- - - - -
- - - - - -- - - - - - - ·· ······-······-··- ··-·--- ·- .... ····-· - . ..... ·-·
- ·-····-···-·······-·····-····· ···· ·········--·-·-- ···· ·- ..... ····· ........... ...
- - - - - ·-- - ··--·-- -··· -····
- - - - - - ·-··········-·-···-----······· · -- -----··· ···········- ············
.- - - - ·-·-··-·········-·····•····- ·········-······-··-· · - - .....·- ······ .. . .. .. .. . .
-· ·· ·••· • ·

Delete the □;ta - - ··-·--·····-·-··

- - - - - - · --··- ·-·-· - - - - -···-·-·-···--- ····-····-- ·-·········-···-··-·
Graph M-ode H•-------- ·--·- -----·····----- -·-··-- --······- ·-··---- - ···-····-· ·-····- ···- .. ........... .
··-····-···~--······ . ----·--····-· ··········- .. .. . . ----·· ...... .
Interval measurement and automatic recording -··- --· ··········-··········
··--··-·-- ·-·· ---············-··-····...::..:.::..... .
Create the excel data file ······-----·-~·-·- -·-·-·-···-------------·· ·-~·-- ··· ····-············-·- - ···
TroubleshootinQ ······ ······-··········-- •· -

rechnica l ~peclflcauons .. . . .. . --· . - ·· ... - ..... .

Preparation of pH Buffer Solutions Setup Menu
The 9 series meter contains 4 optional parameters and 1ogeneral opt
The meter is packaged with three pH buffer packets (pH4 .01 , 7.00 and 10.01 l . 'c·i
the setup menu . If you nee d to mo d1fy the default settings pl
required for calibration. s " section (Pag e 6) · ease ·
refer to
"Setting the Default Parameter

pH MODE:

i
BLI!!er • oH~l!!!,er
PARAMETER DESCRIPTION
__
1.00 ., 10.01
=--==--=- bUF
pH Buffer
Select your desired pH buffer group for cal Ibration,..
. . (D f
auto-recognition e ault: USA standard). '·

OPTIONS :
♦ Open the pH7 .00 buffer packet, place the powder into a 250ml volumetric
USA USA (1 .68 , 4.01, 7.00, 10.01, 1~
flask. Pour distilled water 250ml to scale line, mix the solution until reagent
is completely dissolved . n /St NIST (1 .68 , 4.01 , 6.96, 9.18, 12451

d :n DIN (1 .09 , 4.65 , 6.79, 9.23, 12.751

USE, User-Defined Buffer

[AL Select the number of calibration points you intent

Calibration Point calibrate the meter.

OPTIONS:

♦ Preparation of pH4.01 and 10.01 standard buffer solutions are the same as 3 1 to 5 points (Default: 3 points)
above. Prepared standard buffer solutions should be stored in hermetically
· ,ESO Sets the resolution for pH measuremen t.
sealed glass containers .
Resolution
OPTIONS :
nnn, 0.001 pH (Default)
u.uu'
nn,
Prior to Use u.u' 0.01pH
♦ Remove the protective cap from the bottom of the pH electrode. n, 0.1pH
u.'

un 11: Sets the unit of measurement for temperature

Measurement Unit
OP~T.:..:
.:. S:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___
IO~N.:..:
o, Degrees Celsius (Default) ---
L

OF Degrees Fahrenheit __..--,

♦ If the glass sensitive membrane on the sensor dries out, soak the electrode
in 3M KCL solution or pH7 .OD buffer solution for at least 15 minutes.

Glass Sensitive Membrane

 Temp erature Compensation
,. · · 't~•. ;_,_ -,._· 1½ rr 1::r,ur nq r~sults, / fJ U m:ed to enable the manual or
pH Calibration
· ·.- • ·, 'h ·i :;':';,t ir e r..ri·r,f;':n-,ation bi:fon: pH mr;asurernent or calibration
The meter allows up to 5 points calibration during the pH mode , we recommend
. that you perform at least 2 points calibration for high accuracy measurement
t.~ ·r1.'Af. flL 1 fHLi£RATU RE Cut/lPEtlSAT IOt~ - The meter will automatically recognize and calibrate t o following buffer values
, P\ r.t-; ~r re; 1.t-:ir1p'!fa: 1Jr e prnbr; 1r1to the circular hole on the electrode arm .
USA Standard Options : pH1 .68 , 4.01, 7.00 , 10.01 , 12.45
NIST Standard Options : pH1 .68 , 4.01 , 6.86 , 9.18, 12.45
DIN Standard Options : pH1 .09 , 4.65 , 6.79, 9.23 , 12.75

If you selected the user-defined option in the setup menu , the meter will allow
only 2 points calibration . Single point calibration should only be ca rried out with
pH7 .00 , 6.86 or 6.79 , otherwise calibration will not be accepted.
Make sure to calibrate the meter when attaching the new electrode or during
first use. DO NOT reuse calibration solution after calibration , contaminants in
solution will affect the calibration and eventually the accuracy of the
measurement.

SINGLE POINT CALIBRATION :

1. Make sure that you have selected 1 point calibration in the setup menu.
2. Insert the phone plug of probe into the connector socket (Marked "ATC "l. 2. Rinse the pH electrode with distilled water.
3. Press CAL key, the meter shows "pH7 .00/CAL" (or "6.86/CAL' ', "6.79/CAL"l.

,nn "'
,.uu
[RL
MESSAOE.
• P,... MCA!I IO hat• or~i,,.,..........., ....,.
• J>rea, -.u 1o , 11;1r. r.c,..,.,. ,..i111Q
• Prua M A IO ~ r r . t 11otw,JrLnt..

3. The "ATC " indicator will immediately show on the display. The meter is now • ~-■ MOOE 10 Vlad Irle r,-.u,..._.._., moo.
• f>'9M CALloentscatir.tm.... -..oe
• f"taunf>dldl:ltt. CIO..«.ampia~ iur.

switched to automatic temperature compensation mode.

Q 4. Dip the electrode into the pH? .DO (or 6.86 , 6.791 buffer solution, the end
of the electrode must be completely immersed into the calibration solution.
25.0 ~~cP 5. Press ENTER key, "Calibration" indicator begins flashing .

llillll

-,,,n "'
MANUAL TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION: ,.uu
1 UO NOl connect the temperature probe to meter. .
2. Pre-Jr: ,ind hold the ·c key for 3 neconds to enter temperature setting mode. 25.0 '
Ml) !'l~OI!
1 Prer;r; 4. or· -y rey to r;et the temperature value of sample.
4 Pr w;i lNTER key to confirm. Settiny in completed .

D
, •,.- 1; t.tt'IDf;1 illhr e r,l! lt) flfJ roodFJ. pru&r, 4. or· Y koy once, the Getting value
11 • ,,. ,.,,.,~: 'ir 01:r,, ew,c hy o 1 Pr·m,fl nnd hold the 4. or Y key, the setting 6. Wait for the measured value to stabilize, the display will show "END' : '"
;;1 , .. 11"1 1 r",1 1;:w ,1: or rler:ri::111,0 hy 1 meter returns to measureme nt rnode . Cali1Jrnt1on 1s cornplt:trd

, ,,
\ \: . \I ,1: \ · !'N 1,1 1!./lliltll/lll l1tl //1 11111 11 11' ,lf • :,1 1 •,;i 1 1: ,·: ,·
,, , .. I ' ., , ,, 1 I 1'11 I 11 1 111 "1111 1,, I ,1hl 11 ,1 I 111111111 1111 1,1111111 11 111 1111
t ,, 1 r11, ,~,. •.11"·, 1,. 11 1,,q ► 111 1•· , , 1, ,, <1 ,. q , •
♦ i,1 ,I ,1:• .'\ I ' \\,1,. •1111 11 111 ,I 1, :!1111 11111111 1111 11 11 II , I 11111pl11l itd 1111 • 1111111 ·1 ·,111111 11, 11 1,il,11 ·, •, j,1,1,l,j I,, 1r :-, •. , .if j '

' 1,
'.\ 1 1' \ ! , ' 11 11 • n11 •11· , , 11 11111 pl •, v1 1111111111111111111wil l1 1,111 1111d
• ~\ • I l I

1ml

,
'r
UJ Er
[AL2 I ' 'F
Ou

♦ Rinse the pH electrode with distilled wnLllI'. Dip the electrod e inLo the nexL 2. Rinse th e pH electrode v11th d1st1lled nater Dp :r ': P. ~::· -.:~ ••• •
buffer solution !e.g., pH4 .01 l. The meter outornAtica lly senses the current, buffer r;olut1on. Stir the sensor gently. Thi: mP.ti:r :· s:,: :•~ :.·:~.:·
cahbrat,on solution and begins calibrating . "Calibrntion" indicator is fla shing measured value (e.g , 5 OOpHl
agmn.

Y.O cnn ,.
.=J.UU
25.□ 'C rR,L I,
I..
MESSAct:

- ~-IW'2::ll' r ...,. ~.:a.Mr

, ;:r,.._ .i,, :., T t - - ~ 7 -
• ~ t , ,-ry,:_=r---

♦ Wait for the measured value to stabilize, the display will show "CAL3" . The
3. Press CV or ® key to increase or decrease d,sp1,;;erJ , E = :·55.: : , · 0
. -::
meter prompts you to continue with third point calibration .
♦ Repeat steps 2 to 5 above until the display shows "ENO". The meter returns
key to confirm . "Calibratio n" indicator begins flash ~g . -..
to measurement mode. Calibration is completed .
4. Wait for the measured value to stabilize, the display s':,',: ·c:.~
meter prompts you to continue with second pv•nt ca' ~-0 : : · •.•. , ., ·
5. Rinse the pH electrode wit h distilled water Dip che e'ec,~c:: ' ·- · ·
Ell custom buffer solution .
6. Press CV or ® key to increase or decrease d1sp!ayed ,a "e " ··
=- -~'° :',
key to confirm . "Calibration" 1nd1cator Is ftashng aga n _<' •.,
End 7. Wait for the measured value to stabilize, the d;sp1ay w·1• s~J:~~ -·-
meter returns to measurement mode Cal!brac.an 5 cc-r;; E.,.,-

.,. r" ,-r-·:: .

. t he ca 1I·bration
. process.
During 1f you want co BXJ•• th"'
·
ca1ora.-
-c ..2 .• V

MEAS key, the meter will return to measurement rrocie rr,'oit: ,,_ ·
C _,, 4., •:~=.·' ,•
ElectrOde indicator (Slope .11 J shows average slvpe Of t"e p'-l • cl-
' ,, •. a,:
calibration . When the electrode or calibration result does
measurement requiremen ts, the indicator w,11 disap;i::Y en ·
r. ~:; ;~: ,,
 pH calibration and Measurement

Calibration Rep ort pH Measurement

....p-cgra:n let s youhcheck the electrode performance for d·a · pu rposes
3 I gnostic 1. Rinse the pH electrode thorough ly with distilled or de-ionised water
1. PrE5S MR key 1n t e pH m_easurement mode , the meter shows "LOC/P-0 2. Dip the electrode into the sample solution . Stir the sensor gently.
1 .. ·
2 Press _... or T key, the .display shows "EWP-02 " (Electrode o·
·l ·
1agnos1s 3. Wait for t he reading to stabilize, record the measured value on the display.
3 Press ENTER key t o confirm, the meter shows the last calibration
date . ·

Ea

2-0 '•

HOLD FUNCTION :
The meter contains two data hold modes . When the Auto -Hold is enabled,
the
meter will automatically sense a stable end-point measured value and freeze
it ,
4. Press T key, the meter shows "OFS" (zero-point offset potentiall HOLD indicator appears on the display.
.

Ell
ICII
~
Elm
,n nn .
OFS c:;:!ll

~ ...
,.u uu
2S.O ;c
2 111£SS.ACL
• ~i,l[ASD1 "Ea"',.....u -.~•-
• PowlVI Dd>"W Ngll"r.l...,...,
, P'r91,1MRto_ .,_..,,_,dat.l
, P,-aal.lOOE ID~N~t....:i oe
, Pr.M,CAL D_.._.,;a~r" '«-
, Pra,,a,,c!r,olCIN 'CID -4 . - . - 0 - ~

If the Auto-Hold is disabled , press iii key, the meter will immediat ely free ze
5. Press T key again, the meter shows the slope of each pH buffer group. currently displayed value . Press the key again to resume measuring.

Y-
:oo.□ ,

• the currect mode.

0 t.'n¥ :;;he hrov-Js"ng, pr ess MEAS key to exit
 ◄
Protein Deposits .
Prepare a 1% pepsin solution In O 1M of HCL. PlacP. t.he •,ow r
for 1Ominutes Rinse the electrode with d1st1lled water , 'ir ,nti•, ,
Optional pH Electrodes
The 9 senes meter Is equipped with a general purpose pH electrode. If it can REACTIVATING THE ELECTRODE:
not fully meet your measurement requirement , please refer to the table below If st ored and cleaned properly, the pH electrode should be
ready I
to select an applicable electrode . use . However, a dehydrated bulb may cause sluggish resp nr n1r,,,,.,
1

01\SP T ,
the bulb , immerse the electrode In a pH4 .01 buffer solution ; °re ,ir;•
P21 10 2
Sample / Electrode P11 P12 P13 P16 P17 P18 P19 this fails, the pH electrode requires act1vat1on. Orr rute· 1

Beer
Bread , Dough
• + + +
+ +
+
♦ Soak the electrode In 0.1M HCI for 5 minutes.
♦ Remove and rinse with d1st1lled water.
Cement + ♦ Place the electrode in 0.1M NaOH for 5 minutes.
♦ Remove and rinse again.
Cosmetics
Dairy Products
•+ +
+
+
+
+
+ +
+
♦ Soak the electrode in storage solution for 30 minutes.

Fats/ Cream +
Fish Products + + fl
HOW TO PREPARETHE ELECTRODE STORAGE SOLUTION
Lab Flasks + Dissolve 22 .365g of potassium chl oride reagent in 100ml d1st1iled Nater ,
5
Low Ionic
Meat / Cheese
• + +
+ the solution until the soluti on has th oroughly mixed .

Micro Samples +
Paint + + +
Soil + +
Test Tubes + +
Tris Buffer +
Viscose Samples +

Electrode Care and Maintenance

Since pH electrode is susceptible to dirt and contamination, clean as necessary
depending on the extent and condition of use.

AFTER MEASURING:
Rinse the pH _electrode in distilled water, store the sensor into the I t d
storage solution. e ec ro e

CLEANING THE ELECTRODE:

Salt Deposits:
Soak the pH electrode in warm ta wa . .
rinse with distilled water. P ter to dissolve deposits, then thoroughly

Oil or Grease Film:

Washthe pH electrode bulb gent! i
using the alcohol to clean the ele~t~~o~e 1tetergents and_water. If necessary,
P1ace the electrode in the storage I e. u , then rinse with distilled water
so utIon for 30 minutes. ·
Clogged Reference Junction ·
Heat a diluted KC! solution t.o 60'C .
u,eheated &olut,on for abou . Place the sensing part of the .
unh~ated KC! solution t 10 minutes. Allow the electrode t senl sor into
. ocoo in some