TAGORE ACADEMY

SESSION 2022-2023

ENGLISH PROJECT REPORT

ON

WARS AND ITS CONSEQUENCES

SUBMITTED TO. SUBMITTED BY.

Mrs.MEENA VADEHRA JATIN CHOUDHARY

(P.G.T ENGLISH) XII-A

 ACKNOWLEGEMENT
I wish to express my deep gratitude and sincere thanks to the

principal Mr. Onkar singh shekhawat for his encourag ement

and for all the facilities that he provided for this project work.

I extend my hearty thanks to Mrs.Meena Vadehra , who

guided me to the successful completion of this project. I take

this opportunity to express my deep sense of gratitude for this

invaluable guidance constant encouragement, immense

motivation, which has sustained my efforts at all stages of this

Project work.

I can’t forget to offer my sincere thanks to my parents and also

to my classmates who helped me to carry out this project

successful and for their valuable advice and support, which I

received from then time to time.

Jatin Choudhary
XII-A Signature of Teacher
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project entitled, “Wars and its

consequences” submitted by “Jatin Choudhary” in partial

fulfilment of the requirements for CBSE in “PCM” at

“Tagore Academy” is an authentic work carried out by him

under my supervision and guidance.

To the best of my knowledge, the matter embodied in the

project has not been submitted to any other institute.

Mrs. Meena Vadehra

P.G.T English
 INDEX
S.no Topic

1 WARS AND ITS CONSEQUENCES

2 HISTORY OF WARS
3 STORY I : THE ENEMY
4 STORY II : THE LAST LESSON
5 BIBLIOGRAPY
 WARS AND ITS EFFECTS
The effects of war are widely spread and can be long-term
or short-term.Soldiers experience war differently than
civilians, although both suffer in times of war, and women
and children suffer atrocities and war crimes in particular.
In the past decade, up to two million of those killed in
armed conflicts were children. The widespread trauma
caused by these atrocities and suffering of the civilian
population is another legacy of these conflicts, the
following creates extensive emotional and psychological
stress. Present-day internal wars generally take a larger
toll on civilians than state wars. This is due to the
increasing trend where combatants have made targeting
civilians a strategic objective. A state conflict is an armed
conflict that occurs with the use of armed force between
two parties, of which one is the government of a state. "The
three problems posed by intra‐state conflict are the
willingness of UN members, particularly the strongest
member, to intervene; the structural ability of the UN to
respond; and whether the traditional principles of
peacekeeping should be applied to intra‐state conflict".
Effects of war also include mass destruction of cities and
have long lasting effects on a country's economy. Armed
conflict has important indirect negative consequences on
infrastructure, public health provision, and social
order.These indirect consequences are often overlooked
and unappreciated.
 HISTORY OF WARS
As with most wars, the majority of people killed in the
deadliest wars of all time are innocent civilians. Wars have
been a part of human history since the dawn of time. The
earliest recorded evidence of human warfare suggests that
the first conflict took place around 13,000 years ago along
the Egypt-Sudan border. It is believed that this conflicted
erupted as a resulted of competition over resources — in
this case, water. However, there are many reasons a war
can develop: poverty, poor governmental leadership, civil
unrest, religion, territory disputes, resources and a plethora
of other factors are all responsible for most of the wars
throughout human history. With that said, here is a look at
the deadliest wars in history.
World War I
The First World War was fought between the Allies and the
Central Powers.
The war lasted 4
years — from 1914
to 1918 —but it was
responsible for
around 18 million
deaths. Of the 18
million deaths,
about 11 million
were military personnel and about 7 million were civilians.
World War II
World War II was a global war that spanned from 1939 to
1945. The war pitted
the Allies and the
Axis power in the
deadliest war in
history, and was
responsible for the
deaths of over 70
million people.
Known for its
genocidal campaign against the Jewish people, the war
was also responsible for the deaths of more than 50 million
civilians.
The Qing Dynasty Conquest of the Ming
Dynasty
The transition from the Qing Dynasty to the Ming dynasty
was anything but peaceful. The rebellion waged for over 60
years— from 1618 to
1683 — and resulted in
the deaths of 25 million
people. What started as
a relatively small
rebellion in northeastern
China ultimately resulted
in one of the country’s deadliest conflicts as well as one of
the deadliest wars in history.
Taiping Rebellion
Yet another war in China, the Taiping Rebellion was another
large-scale rebellion
that was fought
between 1850 and
1864. The war was
fought between the
Qing Dynasty and the
Christian millenarian
movement of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Although there
isn’t an exact number, most estimations have the Taiping
Rebellion responsible for 20-30 million deaths.
 STORY I : THE ENEMY
The Enemy is a story written by Pearl Sydenstricker
Buck. It is about a Japanese surgeon, Sadao. He went
to study in America and meets a Japanese girl, Hana,
there. He marries
her and brings
her back to
Japan to settle
down. This was
the time of World
War II. Thus, all
the doctors were called upon to serve the Japanese
army. However, they allowed Sadao to stay back. It
was because he was tending to the old General who
was on his death bed. However, one night, an incident
changes his life. He encounters an American
Navy-man who is injured by a gun-shot and dying.
Although Sadao was in no mind to help the enemy, he
takes in the young soldier and provides him with
medical assistance. He keeps him at his house to
avert any danger coming his way. However, he knew
he has opened doors to danger by helping the enemy.
His servants decide to leave Sadao too. As the days
kept passing, the soldier was now beginning to gain
his health back. Now that the soldier was no longer
Sadao’s patient, he decides to kill him off in his sleep.
He informs the General of the American and thus the
General reciprocates. They decide to send private
assassins to kill the American soldier.
While waiting for the assassins, Sadao starts noticing
it was delaying. However, during this course,
humanity in Sadao arises. He realizes that he is a
human being at the end of the day. He now recognizes
the value of human life as well as universal
brotherhood. Thus, this opens his mind which was
limited to race, boundaries, and wars. Finally, he
comes to the conclusion that the American soldier is
not his enemy just because he belongs to another
country. Thus, he rises above his prejudices and does
the right thing by helping the American soldier escape,
thus saving his life.
Conclusion of The Enemy
To sum up, The Enemy summary, we learn how love
and compassion can make us better human beings as
opposed to prejudices and biases against other
people with whom we do not share anything but the
bond of being humans.
 STORY II : THE LAST LESSON
The narration of this story is by a French boy, Franz.
Franz is a lazy boy. However, in spite of his laziness,
Franz likes to play and is of a sensitive nature.
Furthermore, Franz hates his teacher M. Hamel in his
school and has no interest in studying French.
An order has come from Berlin after taking over the
districts of Alsace and Lorraine in France that the
German language rather than the French should be
taught in the schools there. Furthermore, it is the
school French teacher M. Hamel’s last day. This
teacher has been working there for forty years.
Moreover, the teacher has feelings of patriotism. He is
also full of nostalgia and grief. The village men also
attend his ‘last
lesson’ so as to
honour and respect
him. The village is
regretting and is
sad that they didn’t
learn their mother
tongue in their
childhood.
Franz receives a big shock when he learns that this is
his last lesson in French. He is shocked because he
does not know French. Furthermore, on learning about
the last lesson, a sudden interest arises in him for
learning French. Moreover, he pays careful attention
and learns everything taught on this last day.
Instantly, he develops liking for the teacher M. Hamel.
His feelings of hatred for him suddenly came to an
end. Moreover, Franz develops respect for the hard
work and sincerity of his teacher. Franz is sad and
ashamed for being unable to recite his lesson.
Hamel explains that they all are at fault for lacking
eagerness to learn. Furthermore, he also includes
himself in this fault. He blames himself for lack of
sincerity in teaching them.
There is a reflection of his patriotism in his praise for
the French language. He says that the French
language is the most logical and beautiful language in
the world. It seems that M. Hamel got emotional on
this occasion. Furthermore, he asks the class to guard
their language. He says that being close to one’s
language is a way to escape the clutches of slavery.
This language will assist them in attaining freedom
from the Germans. The people realize the significance
of their mother tongue. Moreover, they feel the reason
for their defeat is illiteracy.
Franz feels that it is impossible to remove one’s
language from a person. This is because it is
something that is natural to a person. This means that
no matter how hard the opposition may try, they will
fail to remove one’s language.
Conclusion of the Last Lesson Summary

The Last Lesson summary reflects on the importance

of one’s language for any race and why it is crucial to
safeguard it. The war also have an immense impact on
ones lanuage and culture
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_war
2.https://ncert.nic.in/textbook.php?lefl1=0-14
3. https://borgenproject.org/top-12-deadliest-wars-in-history/