Name: ………………………………………………………Combination.......................................

Date: ……………………………………………………Signature: ……………………………

P 525/1
CHEMISTRY
Paper 1
2 ¼ Hours

END OF TERM ONE EXAMINATIONS

S.5 CHEMISTRY Paper 1
2 hours 45 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
- Answer all questions
- All questions must be answered in the spaces provided.
- The Periodic Table, with relevant atomic masses, is supplied at the end of the paper.
- Mathematical tables (3 – figure tables) are adequate or non-programmable scientific
electronic calculators may be used.
- Illustrate your answers with equations where possible.
- Molar volume of gas at s.t.p is 22.4 litres.
- Standard temperature = 273K
- Standard Pressure = 101325 Nm-2

For Examiner’s Use Only

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Total

SECTION A: (46 MARKS)

 Answer all questions from this section.

1. Complete the following equations (4marks)

27
(a) 13 Al + 10n ⟶ ……………………….. + 42He

(b) …………………………………… ⟶ 234 4

90T h + 2He

4 14 1
(c) 2 He + 7 N ⟶ 1 H + ¿……………………………

23 2 1
(d) 11 Na + 1D ⟶ ……………………………. + 1 H
2. Complete the following reaction equations and write the I.U.P.A.C names of the main organic
product in each case.

3. (a) Compare the reactivity of the following metals with water

(i) beryllium (01 mark)
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 (ii) magnesium (01 mark)
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(iii) barium (01 mark)

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(b) Write an equation for the reaction between
(i) the oxide of Beryllium and sodium hydroxide (1 ½ marks)
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(ii) Barium metal and concentrated sulphuric acid (1 ½ marks)
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3. (a) The diagram in figure 1 shows isotherms of a gas
e
Pressur

A
321K

304K
B C 286K
Volume
Fig. 1

What is the critical temperature of the gas? (1 mark)

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(ii) Which isotherm almost represents the behaviour of an ideal gas? (1 mark)
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 (iii) What does region ABC represent? (1 mark)
(b) State one condition necessary for liquefying a gas. (1 mark)
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4. Write equations to show how 1 – bromopropane can be converted to

(a) Propan-1-ol (2marks)

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(b) Propanal (03 marks)

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5. Both lithium and magnesium exhibit diagonal relationship.

(a) State:
(i) What is meant by the term diagonal relationship? (02 marks)
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(ii) Three properties in which lithium and magnesium show similarities.(03marks)
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(b) Name two other pairs of elements that show diagonal relationship. (01 mark)
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 6. Name one reagent that can be used to distinguish between the following pairs of
compounds and, in each case, state what would be observed if each member of the pair
was treated with the reagent you have named.

(a) CH3C CCH3 and CH3CH2C CH. (03 marks)

Reagent
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Observation
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(a) CH2 =CH2 and CH3CH3 (03 marks)

Reagent
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Observation
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(a) State Graham’s law. (02 marks)
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(b) A certain volume of oxygen diffused through a porous membrane in 120 s. under
the same conditions the same volume of a gas diffuses in 112s. Calculate the
relative molecular mass of X.
(3 ½ marks)
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 7. The mass spectrum of chlorine shows peaks at masses 70. 72 and 74. The heights of the
peaks respectively are in the ratio 9:6:1. Calculate:
(a) the average atomic mass of chlorine (2 marks)
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(b) the relative abundance of 35Cl and 37Cl (3 marks)

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8. (a) Define the term First ionization energy. (01 mark)

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(b) The graph below shows the variation of first ionization energy with the atomic
number across period 3 elements in the Periodic table.
Explain why:
(i) The first ionization energy increases overall, across the period.
(03
marks)
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(ii) The first ionization energy of aluminium is less than that of magnesium.(02 marks)
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(iii) The first ionization energy of sulphur is less than that of phosphorus. (02 marks)
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(iv) The first ionization energy of magnesium is very high. (01 mark)

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9. (a) The table below shows the atomic numbers of some elements and their electron
affinities.
Atomic No. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Electron affinity 2.0 -6.7 3.0 13.5 6.0 20.0 36.4
(kJ mol-1)

(i) Draw a graph of electron affinity versus atomic number (03 marks)
(ii) Explain the shape of the graph (03 marks)
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(b) List three factors which affect the size of the first ionization energy of an element.
(3 marks)
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11. A gaseous hydrocarbon P consists of 92.3% carbon.

(a) Calculate the empirical formula of P. (3 marks)
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(b) 0.13g of P occupies 112cm3 at s.t.p . Calculate
(i) the formula mass of P (3 marks)
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(ii) the molecular formula of P. (3 marks)
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12. Write equations to show how the following conversions can be carried out
Write equations to show how the following compounds can be synthesized.
(a) CH3CH2CH2CH2Br from ethane (3 marks)
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(b) CH3CH2CH= CH2 from ethyne (3 marks)
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13. When 142cm3 of a hydrocarbon Q, of molecular mass 58 was exploded with excess oxygen
and cooled to room temperature, the volume of the residual gas was 694cm3. After addition of
concentrated potassium hydroxide, the volume decreased to 126cm3.
(a) Determine the molecular formula of Q. (4 marks)
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(b) Write the names and the structural formulae of all isomers of Q. (2 marks)
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END