Name :…………………………………………………….…… Index no…………………...…..

Candidate’s sign…………….…………
Date…………….……………

233/1
CHEMISTRY
PAPER 1
(THEORY)
JULY/ AUGUST 2013
TIME: 2 HOURS

Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (K.C.S.E.)

Chemistry
Paper 1
July/ August 2013
TIME: 2 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
 Answer all the questions in the spaces provided in the question paper.
 All workings MUST be clearly shown where necessary.
 KNEC Mathematical tables and electronic calculators may be used.

For Examiner’s Use only:

QUESTION MAXIMUM SCORE CANDIDATE’S SCORE

1 – 27 80

This paper consists of 11 printed pages. Candidates should check to ascertain that all pages are printed as indicated and that no questions are
missing.
1. A mixture of kerosene, methylbenzene and water were shaken and left to separate out as shown in
the diagram below.
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©Ndhiwa district form four 2013 Chemestry 1
 (i) Identify liquids A and B (2mks)
A………………………………………………….
B…………………………………………………
(ii) A part from density, state one other property that makes it possible to separate them
using the set up above? (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Study the information in the table below and answer the questions that follow.

Element Atomic number Boiling point (0C) Atomic radii (nm)

L 19 1047 0.231
M 13 2743 0.126
N 17 238 0.099
P 11 1163 0.158
Q 16 718 0.104

(a) Identify the elements with similar chemicals properties. Explain. (2mks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
b) What type of structure is exhibited by the compound formed when elements N and P react? (1mk)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..3. Gas
B takes 110 seconds to diffuse through a porous pot, how long will it take for the same amount of
ammonia gas to diffuse under the same conditions of temperature and pressure?
(Relative Molecular mass of B = 34, relative molecular mass of Ammonia = 17) (3mks)

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©Ndhiwa district form four 2013 Chemestry 1
4. The formula given below represents a portion of a polymer.

a) Give the name of the polymer

(1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
b) Give one industrial use of the polymer (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
c) One disadvantage of the continued use of this polymer. (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. Chlorine gas was bubbled through water for sometime. The green yellow solution formed was
poured into along glass tube and placed in the sun as shown in the diagram below .

Sun rays

Gas T

Green yellow solution

a) What compounds are in the yellow solution ? (1mk)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) Write an equation to show how gas T is formed (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
c) Give one use of chlorine
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Use the diagram below to answer the questions that follow.

a) In which set – up will the iron – nail rust? Explain (2mks)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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©Ndhiwa district form four 2013 Chemestry 1
 ……………………………………………………………………….…………………………………
b) State one advantage of rusting (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………..………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. A mixture contains sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, and silver chloride. Explain how you can
obtain pure samples of each salt. (3mks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
8. Elements Q, S, T, U R and P belong to the same period in the periodic table. The ions formed by the
atoms of the elements are given below Q 2+ , U – , T 2- , R3+, P + and S 3-
a) Arrange the elements in order of increasing atomic size. (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Suggest a reason why elements P and Q cannot react with each other to form a compound. (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Name the group to which U belongs. (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. At 200C, NO2 and N2O4 gases exist in equilibrium as shown in the equation below
2NO2 (g) N2 O4 (g) ∆H = -ve
Brown Pale yellow
State and explain the observations that would be made when:
a) A syringe containing the mixture at 200C is immersed in ice cold water (1½mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) Pressure of gas in syringe reduced (1½mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. The following set up was used to react steam with Iron Powder.

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©Ndhiwa district form four 2013 Chemestry 1
 a) Explain why the water soaked sand was heated before heating the iron powder. (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
b) Write an equation for the reaction that took place between steam and magnesium powder. (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

c) State how gas L would be collected without using water. (1mk)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
11. When anhydrous calcium chloride is exposed to the atmosphere it forms a solution
CaCl2 (s) CaCl2 (aq)
H2O (1)
a) Name the process that takes place. (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………..….…………..
b) State one use of the process displayed by anhydrous calcium chloride (1mk)
…………………………………….…………………………………….…………………………….
12. The graphs below represents the temperature – time curves for solids M and N.
Temperature 0C
Temperature 0C

Time Time
a) What is the name given to the curves above? (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
b) Which of the two solids is an impure substance? Explain. (2mks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………..…………………………………..
13. The set – up below was used to collect gas F produced by the reaction between water and calcium.

(a) Name gas F (1mk)

…………………………………………………………………………….…………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) Give one laboratory use of solution formed in the beaker. (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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©Ndhiwa district form four 2013 Chemestry 1
 (c) After some time there was formation of a white precipitate formed at the top of the solution in the
beaker. Explain this observation. (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
14. On the grid provided sketch a graph of pressure against volume for fixed mass of gas at constant
temperature.
(1mk)

(b) 50dm3 of a gas at one atmosphere was compressed to four atmospheres at Constant
temperature. Calculate the volume occupied by the gas (2mks)

15. The table below shows physical properties of some substances. Use the information in the table to
answer the questions that follow.
Substance Melting point 0C Boiling point 0C Electrical conductivity
solid Liquid
M 1083 2595 Good Good
N 801 1413 Poor Good
O 5.5 80.1 Poor Poor
P -114.8 -84.9 Poor Poor
Q 3350 4827 Poor Poor

Which substance is likely to be:

a) An ionic compound? Give reason (1 ½ mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………….………………..
b) (i) A liquid at room temperature? ( ½ mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) Simple molecular? ( ½ mk)
………………………………………………………………………….……………………………
iii) Giant atomic? (
½ mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………….…………….
16. The table below gives three experiments on the reaction of excess sulphuric (VI) acid and 0.5g of
zinc done under different condition. In each case the volume of gas was recorded at different time
internals.
Experiment Term of zinc Conclusion of dil. HCL acid
i) Granules 0.8M
ii) Powder 1.0M

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©Ndhiwa district form four 2013 Chemestry 1
 iii) Powder 0.8M
a) On the same axis draw and label the two other curves obtained from such results (2mks)

Curve III

b) Explain the difference between curve (I) and (II) (1mk)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
17. Draw a dot (.) and cross (x) diagram to show bonding in Silane (SiH4):- (H = 1 Si = 14)
(3mks)

18. (a) Define the term isotope (1mk)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
(b)An element Y has three isotopes, A having 18 neutrons, B having 21 neutrons and C with 25
neutrons. If the relative abundance of A, B and C are 10, 15 and 75 respectively and the number of
protons of Y is 20. Calculate the relative atomic mass of Y (2mks)

19. The set up below was used to electrolyse molten lead (II) bromide.
Bulb

Carbon

Crucible
Molten lead

Heat
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©Ndhiwa district form four 2013 Chemestry 1
 a) Explain why the bulb lights brightly at the beginning of the experiment and becomes dim after
sometime (2mks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
b) Write ionic equation for the reaction that took place at the cathode (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
20. Unknown substances had pH values as shown in the table below.
Substance pH value
A 6.0
B 2.0
C 12.0
D 7.0

State which substance was likely to be?

a) Lemon juice mixed with sugar (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) Sodium hydroxide solution. (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
c) Aluminium chloride solution (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
21. The simplified flow chart shows some of the steps in the manufacturing of the sodium carbonate by
the Solvay process.

a) Identify substance L (1mk)

…………………………………………………………………………………………….……………
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©Ndhiwa district form four 2013 Chemestry 1
 b) Name the process taking place in step II (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
c) Write an equation for the reaction which take place in step III (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
22. When a hydrated sample of calcium sulphate CaSO4.XH2O was lost, the following data was
recorded:
Mass of crucible = 30.296g
Mass of crucible + hydrated salt = 33.111g
Mass of crucible + anhydrous salt = 32.781g
Determine the empirical formula of the hydrated salt (mass of CaSO4 = 136, H2O = 18)
(3mks)

23. Air was passed through several reagents as shown in the flow chart below.

A B C

a) Write an equation for the reaction which takes place in the chamber B (2mks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) Name one gas which escapes from the chamber C. Give a reason for your answer. (2mks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
24. Below is a sketch of a reaction profile.

Energy
Products

reactants

Reaction Course
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©Ndhiwa district form four 2013 Chemestry 1
 a) On the diagram show the heat of reaction ∆H (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) State and explain the type of reaction represented by the profile (2mks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
25. Use the information below to answer the questions that follows
Eө
Zn2+ + 2e Zn (s) -0.76
Al3+ + 3e Al(s) -1.66
Fe2+ + 2e Fe (s) -0.44
a) Calculate the E0 value for the cell represented as Al(s) / Al3+ 2+
(aq) // Fe(aq) / Fe(s) (2mks)

b) From the three equations select the strongest oxidizing agent. (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
26. The table shows the relative molecular masses and the boiling points pentane and propan -1 – o1
Relative molecular mass Boiling point (0C)
Pentane 72 36
Propan – 1 –o1 60 97
Explain why the boiling point of propan-l-ol is higher than that of pentane. (3mks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
27. Carbon – 14 has a half life of 5600years. The activity of this isotope in an old tree that was felled in
glaciation period was found to be 12.5 % of that existing in a similar tree felled now. When was the
old tree felled by glaciation? (3mks)

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©Ndhiwa district form four 2013 Chemestry 1