Baconguis, Mil Rich M.

BSIT 2A

C. THE GLOBAL INTERSTATE SYSTEM

1. The effects of globalization on governments

 The governing body of a state, nation, or community is known as the

government. As a result, a government is the political administration of a
state or country. A state is a geographical unit with its own constitution,
fiscal system, and sovereign power (that is, self-governing and
independent from other states as recognized by them). It is in a state in
which a government can exercise its authority.

It is becoming increasingly difficult to be economically isolated in today's

world. As a result, some argue that in today's "globalization economy" or global
economy, "government matters less and less."

Global Leadership and Innovation enumerates some of the pros and cons of
globalization related to governments. The positives include the following
(2003):

1. Increased economic development benefits some governments.

2. Increased jobs and expanded infrastructure benefit some countries.
3. Transfer of modern management techniques into business sector
4. Greater interdependence among trading and investment partners may deter
war.
5. Proliferation of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to counter- balance
decreased governmental power

On the other hand, the negative effects of globalization on governments

include these (2003):

1. Power of multinational enterprises (MNEs) increased at the expense of

government power, sovereignty, and ability to regulate business.
2. MNEs externalize some of their costs to countries.
3. Competition for factories and foreign direct investment (FDI) result in too
many concessions to MNEs by some governments.
4. Some MNEs influence local government policy and threaten to leave if their
demands are not met.
5. MNEs pay fewer taxes to governments and incorporate where the tax rate is
lowest, depriving their own country of revenue.
6. Governments are pressured to reduce tax rates and decrease social
benefits that may affect stability.

2. Institutions responsible in governing international relations

There are numerous organizations in which governments and individuals

from all over the world participate. These include the United Nations, the
International Court of Justice, NAFTA (North America Free Trade
Agreement), and NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), as well as
non-governmental organizations that promote social and economic
growth.

Peace treaty and Military alliances: the UN and the NATO

 Global politics entails relationship of country and different governments

and non- governmental organizations. The UN is one of the leading
political organizations in the world where nation-states meet and
deliberate.However, it remains as an independent actor in global politics.
The premise for its establishment was the restricting of the world
devastated after the Second World War. The term “united nations” was
coined by former U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1942(United
Nations 2011). Its operations began on October 24, 1945. It started with 50
representatives from different countries.Generally, it functions in four areas:
Military issues, economic issues, environmental issues and human
protection. It is made up of close to 200 countries around the world, 193
member states to be exact with the Republic of the South as its latest
member (United Nation 2011).
 The UN with its HQ in NYC, was designed to be place where countries
could come to discuss their issues without resorting to violence and war,
which had plagued our planet for several years in the past. Maintaining
peace and building friendships is the number one goal of the UN. The
general assembly is the gathering of all these countries. It is held in an
auditorium where speeches are given. Representatives from different
member states vote on issues.

3. Internationalism

Internationalization applies to the product and all the steps necessary to

prepare it for new markets. It’s not about adapting the product to a single
market, but instead developing it in a way that makes it viable across country
borders. Some common internationalization tasks include:

 Establishing best practices for coding, including the treatment of

variables, comments, and tags to ensure easy conversion to new
languages.
 Ensuring support for different types of characters, like Chinese or
Arabic.
 Evaluating color and layouts of products and websites to design a
unified aesthetic.

Internationalization incorporates localization, which is the execution of all

the above tasks. As a result, it requires sourcing the right talent to execute the
tasks involved in expanding the product to new markets. Access to market
data will be necessary to determine the best ways to seamlessly adapt
products to meet demand in multilingual markets.