FILIPINO

PERSONALITY AND
SOCIAL WORK
(SW 112)
MTH 5:30-7:00

WMSU 2nd semester SY 2022-2023

ESA H. JUMLAIL JR., Rsw, Lpt, Msw, Cgm, DPA(car)

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1
 Human
Development
Framework
WMSU BIO-PSYCHO-SOCIAL
FRAMEWORK/MODEL

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Activity
Kindly identify or describe
the pictures

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Introduction
• The Bio psychosocial model was first conceptualized by
George Engel in 1977, suggesting that to understand a
person's medical condition it is not simply the biological
factors to consider, but also the psychological and social
factors.
• This model is commonly used in chronic pain, with the view
that the pain is a psychophysiological behaviour pattern that
cannot be categorized into biological, psychological, or social
factors alone. There are suggestions that physiotherapy
should integrate psychological treatment to address all
components comprising the experience of chronic pain.

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• George Engel first referred to the biopsychosocial model
as the bio-psycho-social-cultural model. For the sake of
convenience, and because culture was an aspect of the
social factor of the model, the term was shortened
to biopsychosocial.
• The biopsychosocial model was introduced in 1977 by an
American psychiatrist named George Engel. Though it
was initially scoffed and rejected by several experts, it
eventually gained popularity as a part of treatment to be
administered in hospitals and similar settings.

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Developmental Framework
• The biopsychosocial model, (BPS for short) is an
interdisciplinary model which claims that the health and well-
being of a person depends upon a range of factors: biological
factors, psychological factors, and social factors.
• The model explains that all three factors are equally important
in the health and well-being of human beings, and biological
factors cannot be held solely and completely responsible for
either health issues, or wellness. The biopsychosocial model
is also popularly known as the mind-body connection, and is
an important concept in the fields of psychiatry, clinical
psychology, social work, medicine, and therapy, to name a
few.
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• The biopsychosocial model is a tool that
psychologists use to examine how
psychological disorders develop. This lesson
will provide a definition of this model and
provide specific examples to illustrate how it
can be used. Updated: 08/04/2020
• What Is the Biopsychosocial Model?

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• How can we find out why a person has anxiety or
depression? What elements are involved? We can often
identify many factors leading to the development of a
psychological disorder, such as genetics, difficulty
regulating emotions, or environmental stress. There is so
much to consider that psychologists have adopted what's
called the biopsychosocial (BPS) model, which
examines biological, psychological, and social factors
affecting an individual, to examine how and why disorders
occur.

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• The BPS model isn't just used by psychologists; it
has many applications in different fields because of
how inclusive it is of different factors that influence
human behavior. A doctor might wonder: 'How
could different social situations lead to this
disease?' Or, a social worker might want to see if a
child's developmental disorder might have to do
with being in a foster family.

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• The BPS model isn't just used by
psychologists; it has many applications in
different fields because of how inclusive it is of
different factors that influence human
behavior. A doctor might wonder: 'How could
different social situations lead to this disease?'
Or, a social worker might want to see if a
child's developmental disorder might have to
do with being in a foster family.
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• The 'bio' component of this theory examines aspects of
biology that influence health. These might include things
like brain changes, genetics, or functioning of major body
organs, such as the liver, the kidneys, or even the motor
system. For example, let's say Joan has an accident that
leaves her with reduced movement in her right arm. This
biological change might influence how she feels about
herself, which could lead to depression or anxiety in
certain situations.
• Bio (physiological pathology)

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• The 'psycho' component of the theory examines
psychological components, things like thoughts, emotions, or
behaviors. Joan might go through many different
psychological changes. She might experience decreased self-
esteem, fear of judgment, or feel inadequate in her life or job.
These changes in thoughts might lead to changes in
behaviors, like avoiding certain situations, staying at home, or
quitting her job. As she engages in these behaviors, her injury
might worsen, or she could suffer further depression and
anxiety.
• Psycho (thoughts emotions and behaviours such as
psychological distress, fear/avoidance beliefs, current coping
methods and attribution)
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• The 'social' component of the BPS model examines social
factors that might influence the health of an individual, things
like our interactions with others, our culture, or our economic
status. A possible social factor for Joan could be her role in
her household. Perhaps Joan is a new mother. An injured arm
might reduce her ability to care for her new baby. Being
unable to fulfill this social role might trigger problems with her
husband or other family members, causing Joan stress that
could lead to further biological or psychological problems.
• Social (socio-economical, socio-environmental, and cultural
factors such as work issues, family circumstances and
benefits/economics)

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• An important connection to make here is that the
elements of the BPS model are all connected.
Biology can affect psychology, which can affect
social well-being, which can further affect biology,
and so on. Joan's biological state changed, which
affected her psychological state and social
interactions, which all went on to affect each other
again.

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• Thus, the power of the BPS model is that it looks at health
and disease in a variety of contexts and examines how the
interaction of different factors leads to specific issues for an
individual. To successfully treat Joan, her doctors might
incorporate physical therapy to help her arm recover,
psychological therapy to work out distress, and maybe
integration into social programs so Joan can return to or
create a regular social routine.
• Applying the Biopsychosocial Model
• Now that you understand what the BPS model is, let's look at
an example to see how a psychologist would use this model
in their everyday work.

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Bio-Psycho-Social-Spiritual Model

• We read in Psalm 139:14,“I will praise thee; for I am

fearfully and wonderfully made: marvellous are thy works;
and that my soul knoweth right well.” Truly, we are
fearfully and wonderfully made. God made human beings
at the pinnacle of His creation. From the miracle of life
seen in a newborn baby to the latest advances in
scientific research, God’s design continues to bring us to
awe.

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• God created human beings with four primary aspects
of life: the biological, psychological, relational, and
spiritual. Understanding these facets allows us to be
better stewards of each area and helps us honor God’s
design.
• Personal stewardship in these areas consists of the care
and maintenance of our lives, for which God has made us
responsible. In today’s society, it is common for people to
either neglect or become consumed with the care and
keeping of these areas.
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• The concept of stewardship reminds us we
are ultimately God’s and are called to take
care of what He has given us – neither
neglecting nor idolizing it. Below is a brief
description of each facet and a few examples
for each area.

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• Biological/Physical. The Bible calls our bodies the
temple of God (1 Corinthians 3:16). God wants us
to be good stewards of our bodies and treat them
as the place He resides. The biological area deals
with doing what is within our control to keep our
bodies healthy through exercise, rest, and nutrition.
Everyone’s physical makeup, metabolism,
genetics, and general health are different.

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Our health needs may vary greatly from someone
else’s needs. Sometimes it is easy to forget about
taking care of our bodies when we’re feeling good,
only thinking about our health when we’re sick.
Taking reasonable preventative measures, such as a
regular checkup, are great ways to steward our
bodies.

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• Get adequate sleep and rest. We need
adequate sleep to think clearly and
handle the tasks of our days. Realize that
not getting enough rest may make us
more susceptible to sin. The difference
between an adequately rested body and a
sleep deprived or chronically stressed
body is great.
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Start small and get started. Let’s says a physician has
asked a middle-aged man to exercise and lose some weight
because of high blood pressure. He may feel unsure of
what to do or defeated before he even starts. However,
other times people make such ambitious plans they are
unable to sustain them and meet their goals. It is important
to be reasonable, start small, but get started. Remember
there will never be a convenient time to get started. Don’t
be afraid to ask others for assistance and accountability.

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• Spiritual. Genesis 2:7 says God made human
beings “a living soul.” Unbelievers sometimes try to
deny or downplay the spiritual aspect of their lives
while other times they seek out “spirituality” that is
separated from biblical truth. Regardless of how
much an unbeliever tries to stay away from God’s
laws, there is no rest for his soul anywhere other
than Christ.

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For believers, the spiritual aspect is focused on the
process of sanctification and growing in grace and
the knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ (2
Peter 3:18). This includes staying rooted in God’s
Word, worship (personal, family, and corporate),
prayer, service, recognizing and dealing thoroughly
with sin and so on. The goal is for our whole life to be
under the Lordship of Christ.

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• Deal with issues directly. Dealing with issues such
as pride, inferiority, lack of forgiveness,
covetousness/lack of contentment or poor
stewardship will not only help one’s spiritual
growth, but will positively affect other areas of life
as well. For example, if a woman deals with lack of
contentment and grows by God’s grace into living a
grateful life, she will impact others through
expressing gratitude and viewing what she has with
thankfulness.
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• Focus on God’s promises. We have been
given “exceeding great and precious
promises” by God (2 Peter 1:4). Memorizing
and meditating on verses of the promises of
God will help us have a lively hope (i.e., a
confident expectation) and live our lives with a
Heavenly perspective.

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• Psychological/Emotional. Proverbs
23:7 says, “For as he thinketh in his heart, so is he.
. . ”. The psychological domain refers to our
patterns of thinking, which directly impact how we
behave and handle our emotions. We are all
familiar with people whose thinking patterns lead to
a joyful outlook on life, while others have a gloom-
and-doom mindset.

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• Scripture teaches us to train our thinking toward certain
things (Philippians 4:8) and away from others (2
Corinthians 10:5). Consider the practical, daily benefit to
our lives and those around us when we live out the
spiritual truth found in Philippians 4:8,“Finally, brethren,
whatsoever things are true, whatsoever things are honest,
whatsoever things are just, whatsoever things are pure,
whatsoever things are lovely, whatsoever things are of
good report; if there be any virtue, and if there be any
praise, think on these things.”
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• We all experience stress. In this life we all go
through times of stress, struggle, and grief.
Thankfully, we can take these things to God as well
as receive support from one another. Periodically
dealing with stressors is a common occurrence for
nearly everyone. However, chronically high stress
eventually leads to a wearing down of our
emotional and physical health.

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• At times, more help is needed. When clinical
symptoms of depression and anxiety occur, special
attention is needed. Satan would like to use shame
and embarrassment to keep us isolated during
these times. We must fight against that isolation
and reach out for help and support. There is help!

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• Relational. God made human beings in His image
(Genesis 1:27), and being relational is one of the
attributes of that image. He knew already in the Garden of
Eden that human beings needed to connect with Him and
with one another. He also knew that isolation isn’t good
for us; we grow and heal best in relationships. As James
5:16 says, “Confess your faults one to another, and pray
one for another, that ye may be healed. The effectual
fervent prayer of a righteous man availed much.”

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• Final Thought. It is important to note all of the areas are
interconnected. Strengths in an area can serve to bolster
other areas, while problems in an area can impact and cause
issues in other areas. For example, let’s say a man was hurt
deeply by someone who betrayed him (a relational wound).
He then experienced strong emotions of sadness, anger,
frustration, and loss (emotional effects). He often had difficulty
sleeping as he replayed the situation in his mind and then
was less focused at work due to lack of sleep (physical
effects). Unfortunately, he didn’t work through those emotions
and the hurt moved into deep bitterness and a hard heart
(spiritual effects).

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• The bio-psycho-social-spiritual model helps us be
aware of four primary aspects of human life.
Through greater understanding, we become better
stewards of our lives in a God-honoring manner.
Hopefully this article has been an encouragement
and example of how we can continue to improve
this stewardship.

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 Assignment
Prepare a biopsychosocial framework based from your
current state or experiences. For ex: for biological include
positive experience, traits, or behavior and negative. The
same with psychological and social. Use shapes for your
framework or diagram and show connectedness and
relevance from one another. To be submitted next meeting.

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