Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Fences Ð |
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Part 7: Specification for wooden post and |
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rail fences |
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Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 15-Mar-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI
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ICS 91.090 |
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NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW
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BS 1722-7:1999
The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through
subcommittees and panels:
Contents
Page
Committees responsible Inside front cover
Foreword ii
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions 1
4 Dimensions, designation and general characteristics 1
5 Timber components for sawn post and rail fences 3
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 15-Mar-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI
6 Timber components for fences with cleft hardwood rails and sawn, round
or cleft posts 3
7 Other components 6
8 Erection 6
Annex A (normative) Timber 7
Annex B (informative) Suggested sampling method for use when measuring the
limiting characteristics of timber 13
Annex C (informative) Specifying a wooden post and rail fence 14
Bibliography 15
Figure 1 Ð General characteristics of sawn post and rail fences 2
Figure 2 Ð Position and dimensions of side-by-side mortices for cleft rails 4
Figure 3 Ð Position and dimensions of single mortices for cleft rails 4
Figure 4 Ð Measurement of girth of cleft posts and rails 5
Figure 5 Ð Measurement of girth of cleft posts 5
Figure A.1 Ð Knot projection 9
Figure A.2 Ð Measurement of wane 10
Figure A.3 Ð Measurement of slope of grain 10
Figure A.4 Ð Measurement of checks and end shakes 11
Figure A.5 Ð Measurement of straightness 12
Table 1 Ð Designation, dimensions and general characteristics of sawn post and
rail fences 1
Table 2 Ð Designation, dimensions and general characteristics of morticed sawn
or cleft post and cleft rail fences 1
Table 3 Ð Minimum dimensions of side-by-side mortices for cleft rails 4
Table 4 Ð Minimum dimensions of single mortices for cleft rails 4
Table A.1 Ð Characteristics and defects of sawn softwoods and hardwoods 8
Table B.1 Ð Single sampling plan 13
BSI 03-1999 i
BS 1722-7:1999
Foreword
This part of BS 1722 has been prepared by Technical Committee B/201. It supersedes
BS 1722-7:1986, which is withdrawn.
BS 1722 is published in parts as follows:
Ð Part 1: Specification for chain link fences
Ð Part 2: Specifications for rectangular wire mesh and hexagonal wire netting
fences1)
Ð Part 3: Specification for strained wire fences1)
1) In course of revision.
ii BSI 03-1999
BS 1722-7:1999
It is generally assumed in this standard that the fence is erected on horizontal ground.
Where the fence is erected on a gradient, special measures may be required.
For this revision of BS 1722-7, the scope has been extended to include cleft posts and
rails. The opportunity has also been taken to update the sizes and references, and to
clarify certain points that were thought to be open to misinterpretation.
Annex A is normative, and annex B and annex C are informative.
It has been assumed in the drafting of this part of BS 1722 that the execution of its
provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people. The lead
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 15-Mar-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI
Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1
to 15 and a back cover.
blank
iv
BS 1722-7:1999
provisions which, through reference in this text, NOTE Prick posts are non-structural components.
constitute provisions of this part of this British
Standard. For dated references, subsequent
amendments to, or revisions of, any of these 4 Dimensions, designation and general
publications do not apply. For undated references, characteristics
the latest edition of the publication referred to
applies. 4.1 The dimensions and general characteristics of
sawn post and rail fences, and their corresponding
BS 729, Specification for hot dip galvanized designation, shall be as given in Table 1.
coatings on iron and steel articles.
NOTE Figure 1 shows the general characteristics of sawn post
BS 957-2, Specification for feeler gauges Ð and rail fences. It is not intended to illustrate any particular
Part 2: Metric units. requirements of this standard.
BS 1202-1, Specification for nails Ð Part 1: Steel 4.2 The dimensions and general characteristics of
nails. fences which have morticed sawn or cleft posts and
BS 4978, Specification for visual strength grading of cleft rails, and their corresponding designation, shall
softwood. be as given in Table 2.
BS 5589, Code of practice for preservation of timber.
BS EN 844-9, Round and sawn timber Ð
Terminology Ð Part 9: Terms relating to features of
sawn timber.
Table 1 Ð Designation, dimensions and general characteristics of sawn post and rail fences
Fence type designation Height from Length of Length of Number of Spacing
ground to top main posts prick postsa rails between rails at
of top rail posts, from top
to bottomb
Morticed Nailed m m m mm
Table 2 Ð Designation, dimensions and general characteristics of morticed sawn or cleft post
and cleft rail fences
Fence type designation Height from Length of Number of Spacing between
ground to top of main posts rails rails at postsa
top rail
Sawn posts Cleft posts m m mm
BSI 03-1999 1
BS 1722-7:1999
Main post
Prick post
a) Morticed fence
Joints
Main post Rails normally staggered
b) Nailed fence
Figure 1 Ð General characteristics of sawn post and rail fences
2 BSI 03-1999
BS 1722-7:1999
5 Timber components for sawn post 6 Timber components for fences with
and rail fences cleft hardwood rails and sawn, round
5.1 Material or cleft posts
Timber components shall be of sawn timber 6.1 Material
conforming to annex A. All timber components shall be of material
NOTE Annex B gives a suggested method of sampling for fence conforming to A.1 and A.3. Sawn timber shall
timber. conform also to A.2.
5.2 Tolerances on size
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 15-Mar-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI
BSI 03-1999 3
BS 1722-7:1999
F W C W F H
4 BSI 03-1999
BS 1722-7:1999
A B
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 15-Mar-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI
BSI 03-1999 5
BS 1722-7:1999
6 BSI 03-1999
BS 1722-7:1999
BSI 03-1999 7
BS 1722-7:1999
Knots Total K.A.R. (see A.2.2.1) not greater than ¯a Size of knot shall not
exceed half width of
face
Wane Not more than 15 mm on any corner. Not more than 10 mm on any corner.
8 BSI 03-1999
BS 1722-7:1999
,
,
,,
Width
,,,,, ,
,,,,,,,,
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 15-Mar-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI
,
Pith
,,,
Plane of projection
a) View showing in three dimensions a group of knots and their projection on a cross-sectional plane
,,,
,,,,
,,,
,,,,
,,,,
,,,
,,,,
b) Front view of projection plane, showing projection of knots (hatched)
Face
k
k Edge
BSI 03-1999 9
BS 1722-7:1999
A.2.2.7 Straightness
Measure bow, spring, twist and cup as shown
in Figure A.5, taking the actual length or width (as
relevant) of the piece as the reference. Figure A.3 Ð Measurement of slope of grain
A.2.3 Method for determining the knot area ratio
(K.A.R.) for structural components
A.2.3.1 General
If it is necessary to verify the visual assessment of the
K.A.R. of a structural component, for instance in the
case of a dispute, the method described in A.2.3.2
shall be used.
10 BSI 03-1999
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 15-Mar-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI BS 1722-7:1999
a) Depth of check
d/2
d is the depth of the piece
s is the length of end shake
BSI 03-1999 11
BS 1722-7:1999
Bow is w
a) Bow
Spring is x
b) Spring
y
L
Twist is y
c) Twist
L Cup is z
z
d) Cup
12 BSI 03-1999
BS 1722-7:1999
rectangle representing any knot on that surface. The pieces for non-conformity with Table A.1, except for
points marked shall represent the widest projection of defects due to changing climatic conditions
the knot on that face or edge. (see Table A.1).
A.2.3.2.4 Measure the total area of knots as B.2 Procedure
described in either a) or b), according to whether or
Sample in accordance with Table B.1. Take the pieces
not the pith occurs within the cross-section. For the
comprising the sample at random. Inspect by defective
purpose of estimating the position of the pith, within
pieces, not by defects (i.e. a piece containing one or
or outside the cross-section, examine the nearest end
more defects is to be counted as a defective piece).
of the piece and assume that all annual rings are
concentric with the pith. Reject a parcel if the number of defective pieces is
equal to, or exceeds, the rejection number.
a) If the pith is within the cross-section
(see Figure A.1), join the points representing the
limits of the knots on the drawing by straight lines Table B.1 Ð Single sampling plan
to a point representing the estimated position of the Number of pieces in Number of Rejection
pith. Measure the area within those lines which parcela pieces in number
corresponds to knots for the whole cross-section. sample
BSI 03-1999 13
BS 1722-7:1999
14 BSI 03-1999
BS 1722-7:1999
Bibliography
Standards publications
BS 7359:1991, Nomenclature of commercial timbers including sources of supply.
BS EN 335-1:1992, Hazard classes of wood and wood-based products against biological attack Ð
Part 1: Classification of hazard classes.
BS EN 335-2:1992, Hazard classes of wood and wood-based products against biological attack Ð
Part 2: Guide to the application of hazard classes to solid wood.
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 15-Mar-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI
BS EN 350-1:1994, Durability of wood and wood-based products Ð Natural durability of solid wood Ð
Part 1: Guide to the principles of testing and classification of natural durability of wood.
BS EN 350-2:1994, Durability of wood and wood-based products Ð Natural durability of solid wood Ð
Part 2: Guide to the natural durability and treatability of selected wood species of importance in Europe.
BS EN 460:1994, Durability of wood and wood-based products Ð Natural durability of solid wood Ð Guide to
the durability requirements for wood to be used in hazard classes.
BSI 03-1999 15
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BSI Ð British Standards Institution
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