Scalars Vs Vectors

Vectors
 Vectors and Directions
N

200
350

180 300
E
250 280
W

250
430

S
Addition of Vectors
 Two Dimensions

Tail-to-Tip Method
A B
+

=
AB or R
 Two Dimensions
Parallelogram Method
A B
+

= AB or R
 One Dimension
Add these Vectors: A = 10 km, east, B = 6 km, east

A = 10 km, east B = 6 km, east

R = 16 km, east

• East (+) and West (-)

10 km + 6 km = 16 km
 One Dimension
Add these Vectors: A = 7 km, east, B = 12 km, west

A = 7 km, east
B = 12 km, west

R = 5 km, west

• East (+) and West (-)

7 km + (-12 km) = -5 km
 Two Dimensions
Mathematical Method
Jun-jun walk 2.5km, east and ran 3.0km, north. Compute for
Jun-jun’s displacement.

Step 1:

R= ______
3.0km, N

Ꝋ
2.5km, E
 Two Dimensions
Step 2: Use Pythagorean theorem to compute for the magnitude of R.

C C = 𝐴2 + 𝐵 2
R= ______ B
3.0km, N R= (2.5 𝑘𝑚)2 +(3.0 𝑘𝑚)2

R = 3.91 𝑘𝑚
Ꝋ
2.5km, E
A
 Two Dimensions
Step 3: Find the angle (Ꝋ) of the resultant vector. You can use the SOH CAH TOA to find the angle.

𝑜𝑝𝑝
TOA tan Ꝋ =
𝑎𝑑𝑗

C (hyp) (opp)
tan Ꝋ =
𝐵
R= 3.91 km 𝐴
B 𝐵
3.0km, N Ꝋ = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1
𝐴
−1 3.0
Ꝋ = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 ( )
2.5
Ꝋ
Ꝋ = 50.190 N of E
2.5km, E
A (adj) Final Answer: R = 3.91 km, 50.190 N of E
SIGE LANG, HINGA KA MUNA…
 Two Dimensions
Mathematical Method
Tita Julie tried to pull a wild shrub in her garden with a force equal to
120 N, 300 north of west. Compute for the horizonal (x-component) and
vertical (y-component) of tita Julie’s force.

Step 1:

Ay = ___N A = 120 N

300

Ax = ___ N
 Two Dimensions
Step 2: Use SOH CAH TOA to find the Ax and Ay.

To find Ax: we will use CAH

𝑎𝑑𝑗
cos Ꝋ = Ax = 120 N(cos 300)
ℎ𝑦𝑝
(hyp) 𝐴𝑥
cos Ꝋ = Ax = 120 N(cos 300)
𝐴
Ay = ___N A = 120 N
𝐴𝑥 Ax = 103.92 N, west
(opp) A (cos Ꝋ) = ( )A
𝐴

300
A (cos Ꝋ) = Ax
Ax = ___ N
(adj)
 Two Dimensions
Step 2: Use SOH CAH TOA to find the Ax and Ay.

To find Ay: we will use SOH

𝑜𝑝𝑝
sin Ꝋ = Ay = 120 N(sin 300)
ℎ𝑦𝑝

(hyp) 𝐴𝑦
sin Ꝋ = Ay = 120 N(sin 300)
𝐴
Ay = ___N A = 120 N
𝐴𝑦 Ay = 60 N, north
(opp) A (sin Ꝋ) = ( )A
𝐴

300
A (sin Ꝋ) = Ay
Ax = ___ N
(adj)
STOP MUNA SIR!!!!!

PLEASE!!!