INTERNATIONAL

HUMANITARIAN LAW COURSE

MPSOTC

EXERCISE SCENARIO
Basic Briefing

OF-4 (HE J) Vasileios KARATZIAS

Embassy of Greece in Paris, France LEGAD

OF-3 (HE J) Vasileios ZALIDIS

NRDC-GR LEGAD OFC Director
OF-2 (HE J) Alexandros LIOUTAS
NRDC-GR LEGAD OFC Deputy Director
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Scenario Map
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Main Actors (1/2)
RLAND
• Independent, stable, sovereign
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and presidential State
characterized also as conservative
and revisionist one
• Is a regional military and
economic power
• It is a homogeneous state
• Its armed forces are very
experienced and it has a focus on
cyber warfare
• Its relationship with YLAND is
good based on common roots,
language and perception as for
the regional security
• Is a UN member and a signatory
to 4 Geneva Conventions but not
to APs I and II
BLAND
• Independent, stable, sovereign
and democratic State
• It is not a Member State to the
Alliance
• Its economy is highly based on the
seaborne trade, so the occupation
of DB Peninsula is going to
disturb its economic balance
• Its armed forces are quite well
equipped, however, not well
trained and limited in number
• Is a UN member and a signatory
both to 4 Geneva Conventions
and to APs I and II
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Main Actors (2/2)

Army of Liberation (AOL)
• AOL is a pro-separatists insurgent group
•
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It has an undercover relationship with RLAND

• There are suspicions that AOL occasionally
receives training and mentoring from RLANDs’
armed forces ex-members
• There is no intelligence as for the supply of
equipment and weapons
• AOL is also accused for various sabotage
activities, robberies and other terrorist activities
• After RLAND invasion in DB Peninsula AOL
activity in BLNAD territory has been radically
increased
• AOL does not have a clear military organization
and does not control part of the territory of BLAND

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Road to Crisis (1/5)
January 2022
• An informal referendum, organized
by pro-RLAND politicians in
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BLAND, was held in DB peninsula
with an outcome of 85% in favor of
unification with RLAND.
• BLAND government loudly
opposed the referendum as having
no legal ground posing a threat to
country’s stability and unity.
March 2022
• Massive cyber-attacks were unleashed
against BLAND’s main financial
institutions (stock exchange, bank
records and BLAND’s Treasury) causing
chaos for three days. During the three
days period electronic financial
transactions were stopped, with the
population trying to withdraw cash from
the banking sector fearing for their
deposits. At the same time a similar
cyber-attack against the Ministry of
Defense reservist database succeeding
in altering it. The attacks are originated
from RLAND and YLAND. No link has
been identified between the attacks and
governmental servers. It seems that
private companies operating from
RLAND and Yland have been used.
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Road to Crisis (2/5)
June 2022
• Border incidents (INC) in the
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borders of RLAND and BLAND
including kinetic actions resulting in
the death of a BLAND border patrol
team (6 pax).
July 2022
• Reports for widespread, but largely
unfounded, allegations of
discriminations against the RLAND
minorities living in DB peninsula.
• A pro-separatists insurgent group
called Army of Liberation (AOL) claims
responsibility for two bomb explosions
in the city center of Atlantis, BLANDs’
capital, causing the death of 156 local
civilians and 31 tourists. The terrorist
attacks with smaller incidents continue
mainly in DB peninsula causing fear
among the local population.
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Road to Crisis (3/5)
August 2022
• RLAND invaded BLAND with two Mechanized Divisions by DB Peninsula.
RLAND divisions occupied the DB peninsula restraining access by land.
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Freedom of Movement (FOM) and Freedom of Navigation (FON) on the

straits is at risk.

• Large numbers of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) are fleeing south

due to the invasion. The humanitarian situation is worsening.

• Government of BLAND (GBLAND) condemned the invasion as a breach

of its territorial integrity. Instantly mobilized its armed forces, securing the
provisional border line between BLAND and DB peninsula. GBLAND
referred the issue to the UNSC condemning RLAND as an international
aggressor and its actions as a breach of fundamental principles of the UN
Charter and international law. BLAND called for an immediate resolution
by the UNSC to address the situation.

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Road to Crisis (4/5)
September 2022
• The UNSC unanimously approved a Resolution recognizing RLAND
invasion as a breach of international law, called for immediate withdrawal
of RLAND forces from the peninsula and authorized UN Member States
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and regional security organizations to intervene in order to assist the

Government of BLAND to restore BLANDs’ territorial integrity and secure
FON in the straits.

• GBLAND addressed a formal letter to ALLIANCE seeking military

assistance to address the crisis.

• ALLIANCE Council (AC) approved ALLIANCE’S involvement

authorizing the establishment of a mission called BFOR. BFOR is a
joint task force HQ with naval and cyber capabilities. Its mission is to
assist the GBLAND to restore the BLANDs’ territorial integrity and to
secure the straits ensuring FON.

• Supreme Alliance Commander designates JHQ ARDC-GR to lead the

mission. The planning cycle starts. 8
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Road to Crisis (5/5)

October 2022 30 November 2022
• The respective ROEs for the • G-day [the day Alliance forces
MPSOTC

operation have been approved deploy in the joint operations area

by the Alliance Council. (JOA)]

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EXERCISE SCENARIO
Basic Briefing
MPSOTC

Questions?

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