CONDENSER

DESIGN CONDITIONS
GAS TEMPERATURE 750°F

AIR TEMPERATURE 70°F

HEATED AIR 350°F

TUBE DIAMETER 3”

TUBE DIAMETERS 45”

LENGTH OF TUBES 16 FT

NUMBER OF PASS 5

Design Calculation:
For the Gas temperature Drop through heater
% Air flow= (Gas temperature drop)(Cp Gas)(Air temperature drop)(Cp Gas)

Where:
Cp Air= 0.24 BTU/lb °F
Cp Gas= 0.25 BTU/lb °F
Air Rise temperature= 350-90= 260 °F
% Air flow= 90% (gas flow)

Therefore:
(260)(0.90)(0.24)
Gas Temp Drop= =226.64 °F
0.25

For the Gas Temperature to Chimney= Gas temp- Gas temp drop
For the Gas Temperature to Chimney= 760-224.64= 525.36°F

For the Cross sectional Area of Gas Flow; (Neglecting Wall Thickness)

❑2
πd
= Area x No. of Tubes = x5
4
= Area x No. of Tubes = π ¿ ¿= 2.22 f t 2
For the total Log mean Temperature Difference, θm

Difference, Θm
 Θmax−Θmin
Θm=
Θmax
ln
θmin

(525.36−90)−(750−350)
Θm= =417.43 ° F
(525.36−90)
ln
(750=350)

For the Velocity of Gas Vg;

GASFLOW
Vg=
AVERAGE GAS DENSITY

Where:
Average Gas Density= 0.0368 lb /f t 3@ average temp of 417.43 °F

417.43 °F= taken from Fig. 12-44,p. 495, PPE by Morse

782947.2455
Vg= =10.45 ft /sec
3600
565.15 x
1
Solving For the Weight of Gas Wg;
Wg= Velocity of gas x cross-sectional area x gas density

=10.45x2.22x0.036
=0.85 lb/sec

Solving for the coefficient of Heat Transfer, 1/U;

1
=( A x θm )(Wg x Cpg x Temp . Drop)
U

1
565.5 x 417.43 x
3600
¿
0.85 x 0.25 x 224.64

1
=1037 BTU / f t 3−h r −¿°F
U
ECONOMIZER

For the Total Log Mean Temperature Difference, θm

Difference, θ m
θmax−θmin
θ m=
θmax
ln
θmin

(525.36−90)−(750−350)
Θm= =417.43 ° F
(525.36−90)
ln
(750=350)
θ=214.13𝆩C

Solving for μ :Over-all Coefficient of Heat Transfer

μ=α+ β (G) : refer to p.331 Ex.lb.1

For smooth tube:

α =1.22 kcal/° C
β=0.00075 kcal /kg-C
Do= 0.057 m

Solve for G: Gas Mass flow rate

From Draft Loss p.332 PPE by Morse

△P= 5.55 x 1 0−8 G 2∈Water

For △P: (1.27- 3.81cm) Assume

△P= 2.0 cm = 0.7874 in

G=
√ 0.7873
5.55 x 1 0
−8
x(
1
2.2
)x ¿
Solving for μ

μ=α + β (G)
= 1.22+0.00075 (18419.4314)
= 15.0346 kcal/hr-m2

Solving For the Width

From P.331 of PPE by Morse
Wg
CD- X (0.05)(D)= , eq .1
G
D= 3C, eq. 2

Where : C = W, Width
D= L, Length
X= W1 of tables per element

From p.773 Kents ME Handbook (power volume)

X=(8-10 tubes) for effective cleaning

X= 10 tubes tubes

Subs, Eq. 2 and X= 10 tubes in eq. 1

C¿
3 C2 −1.5C=109.3247

W =−b ± √ ¿ ¿ ¿

W= 7.3127 m

Solving for D:

D= 3D= 3(7.3127m)

D= 21.9381 m

Spacing Between Tubes: S

S=C-Do

Where C= (10 30cm)assume=15 cm

Do= (0.2 0.5m)Assume= 0.05m
 S= (0.15m-0.05m)
S= 0.1m

Height of Economizer: H
H=x(Do) +(x+1)S
H= 10(0.05)+ (10+1)(0.1)
H= 1.6m

Solving for the thickness: t

QL= (10 30%) Qm

Heat loss Assume= 10.70 %
QL= Vafurnance( △ T)
= 0.10 (783581.9155 kcal/hr)
= 78358.1915 kcal/hr

A= Area of Economizer
= 2H (D+C)= 2 (1.6m)(21.9381m+ 6,8127m)
=92.006 m 3

SUPER HEATER
Wg
Gg=
Ag

Where: Wg= 2Ws

πD i 2
Ws' = Gs( ¿
4

Ws’= 0.14078

S- Spacing
S= C-Do
C= 0.07m
H- (1.5-2.0)= 2.0m
S=0.07-0.0254
S=0.0446m
Number of elements: NE

Ws
NE= ( ¿
Ws '
 68.5
=
0.14078

=486.575

Width of Super heater: W

W= NE(Do) + (NE+1)S
= 486.575(0.0254)+ (486.573+1)(0.0446)
=34.105m

Length Of Super Heater:

L= (Ns)(Do)+(Ns+1)(S)
L= (403.1488)(0.0254)+(403.1488+1)(0,0446)
L=28.2650m