DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF RAILWAY GATE

OPENING AND CLOSING AUTOMATICALLY

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by

N.RAMA SUBRAMANIAM (411416114029)

M.VIGNESH (411416114036)

M.SURENDRAN (411416114305)

in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

Of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

in

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

NEW PRINCE SHRI BHAVANI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY, CHENNAI -600073

ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI 600 025

2018-2019

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 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project report titled “DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF

RAILWAY GATE OPENING AND CLOSING AUTOMATICALLY” is the bonefide
work of “RAMASUBRAMANIAM.N (411413114029)”, “VIGNESH.M
(411413114036)” ,“SURENDRAN (411413114305)” who carried out this project work
under my supervision.

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

Mr.A.MADHAN KUMAR M.E. (PhD) Mr.K. THAMILARASAN M.E. (PhD)

SUPERVISOR HEAD OF DEPARTMENT

Department of mechanical engineering Department of mechanical engineering

New Prince Shri Bhavani College New Prince Shri Bhavani College

Of Engineering and Technology, of Engineering and Technology,

Gowrivakkam, Gowrivakkam,

Chennai-73 Chennai-73.

Submitted for the project Viva- Voice Examination held on …………………

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are grateful to Thiru. K. Loganathan, M.com., M.Ed., chairman and Correspondent, New
Prince Shri Bhavani College Of Engineering and Technology, for his support which enabled us to
complete this project. We are very much grateful to Thiru. L. Naveen Prasad, B.E., MBA. Vice
chairman, New Prince Shri Bhavani College of Engineering and Technology, for his kindness,which
enabled us to do this project.

We are very much grateful to Thiru. A .Swaminathan, M.E., FIE., Director , New Prince Shri
Bhavani College of Engineering and Technology, for his entire support,which helped us to do this
project. We also express my gratitude to Dr. T. saravanan, M.E., Ph.D., Principal, New Prince Shri
Bhavani College of Engineering and Technology,for his extended support and encouragement of new
ideas.

We are very much grateful to Mr. K. Thamilarasan, M.E. (PhD), Head of the Department,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, for his constant support throughout the project.

We express our sincere thanks to our beloved project coordinator Mr.D.Navaneetha krishnan, M.E.,
for his valuable guidance and suggestions.

We would like to thank our internal guide Mr. A. Madhan Kumar, M.E. (PhD), Assistant
Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, for his encouragement and valuable technical
guidance.

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 ABSTRACT

The present work attempts to automate the opening and closing of gates at a railway

level crossing. In general, level crossing gates are operated manually by a gate keeper. The gate

keeper receives the information about the train arrival from a near station. When the train starts to

leave the station, the station in-charge delivers this information to the closest gatekeeper to get ready.

This human intervention can be avoided by automating the process. In situations where the train is late

due to some reason, the gates remain closed for long durations causing dense traffic jam near the gates.

This too can be prevented by automation. The proposed system uses push type Switch buttons to

detect the arrival and departure of trains at the railway level crossing and to control the

opening/closing of gates. When the train comes in contact with the first switch then the motor operates

to close the gate. The gate remains closed until the train completely moves away from the level

crossing. When the train comes in contact with the second switch, the motor operates to open the gate.

Thus automation of the gate operations at the railway level cross is achieved using motor, pulleys and

push type switch buttons.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO TITLE PAGE NO

ABSTRACT iv

LIST OF FIGURES ix

LIST OF TABLE x

1. INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 INDIAN RAILWAY SYSTEM 1

1.2 AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM 2
1.3 WORKING OF AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM 2

2. LITERATURE REVIEW 3

3. OVERVIEW OF PROJECT 4

3.1 INTRODUCTION TO OLDEST TECHNIQUE 4

3.2 INTRODUCTION TO AUTOMATIC RAILWAY

CROSSING SYSTEM 5

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 3.2 WORKING OF BLOCK DIAGRAM 6

4. MECHANISMS 7

4.1 BIFOLDING GATE MECHANISM 7

4.1.1 Specifications of Bifolding Gate 11

4.1.2 Manufacturing Process 12

5. COMPONENTS AND DESCRIPTION 14

5.1 COMPONENTS USED 14

5.1.1 Dc motor 15

5.1.2 Rope drive 16

5.1.3 Wheel 17

5.1.4 Pulley 18

5.1.5 Battery 19

5.1.6 Push type switch 20

5.1.7 Trigger type switch 21

5.1.8 Bi-folding gate 22

5.1.9 Centre hinges 23

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6. PART DIAGRAM 24

6.1 DC MOTOR 24

6.2 WIRE ROPE BELT DRIVE 24

6.3 PULLEY 25

6.4 BATTERY 25

6.5 PUSH TYPE SWITCH 26

6.6 WHEEL 26

6.7 TRIGGER TYPE SWITCH 27

6.8 BI-FOLDING GATE 27

6.9 CENTRE HINGES 28

7. COMPONENTS SPECIFICATION 29

7.1 MATERIAL SELECTION 29

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8. ADVANTAGES AND APPLICATIONS 30

8.1 ADVANTAGES 30

8.2 APPLICATIONS 30

9. FUTURE PLANS OF INDIAN RAILWAYS 31

9.1 UPCOMING PLANS OF INDIAN RAILWAYS 31

9.2 NEWS ON RAILWAY LEVEL CROSSING 32

10. CONCLUSION 33

REFERENCE 34

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 LIST OF FIGURES

PAGE
FIGURE TITLE NO
NO

3.1 SINGLE DIAGRAM OF OLDEST RAILWAY LEVEL 4

CROSSING TECHNIQUE

3.2 BASIC BLOCK DIAGRAM OF AUTOMATIC RAILWAY 5

LEVEL CROOSING SYSTEM

4.1a ANCIENT BI-FOLDING GATE 7

4.1b CURRENT BI-FOLDING GATE 9

4.1.1 BI-FOLDING GATE MODEL 13

4.1.2 TYPES OF WELD JOINTS 13

5.1.1 DC MOTOR 15

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5.1.2a ROPE DRIVE 16

5.1.2b WIRE ROPE DRIVE 16

5.1.3 WHEEL 17

5.1.4
PULLEY 18

5.1.5 BATTERY 19

5.1.6 PUSH BUTTON 20

5.1.7 TOUGH SWITCH 21

5.1.8 BI-FOLDING GATE 22

5.1.9 HINGES 23

6.1 DESIGN OF DC MOTOR 24

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6.2 DESIGN OF ROPE DRIVE 24

6.3 DESIGN OF WHEEL 25

6.4 DESIGN OF PULLEY 25

6.5 DESIGN OF BATTERY 26

6.6 DESIGN OF PUSH BUTTON 26

6.7 DESIGN OF TOUCH SWITCH 27

6.8 DESIGN OF BI-FOLDING GATE 27

6.9 DESIGN OF HINGES 28

9.1 UNMANNED LEVEL CROOSING 31

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 LIST OF TABLES

TITLE PAGE NO

4.1 SPECIFICATION OF BI-FOLDING GATE 11

5.1 COMPONENT USED 14

7.1 COMPONENT SPECIFICATION 29

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