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Practicebook 8
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Exercise 1.1 Arithmetic with integers
1 a 3 b −10 c −10 d 5 e −6
2 a −3 b −10 c 6 d 4 e −13
3 a −4 b −10 c −50 d −10 e −13
4 a 10 b 13 c −5 d 6 e 25
5 a −3 b −1 c 1
6 × Email
−3 −1 2 5
−3 9 3 −6 −15
−1 3 1 −2 −5
2 −6 −2 4 10
Did you5find
−15this
−5 document
10 25 useful?
7 a −10 b −8 c 11 d −7 e 2
8 −30 ÷ 6 = −5 and −30 ÷ −5 = 6
9 −5 times −5 is 25.
10 They could be: 1 and −16; −1 and 16; 2 and −8; −2 and 8; −4 and 4.
11 a −10 b −3 c −5 d 7
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8 11 9 15 26 10
2 4 3 3 3 5 2 13 2 5
2 2
2 a Several trees are possible. The end numbers are always 2, 2, 2, 2, 5. b 24 × 5
3 a 450 b 432 c 484
4 a 2 × 3 b 2² × 3² × 5 × 7
5 a i 2³ × 3 × 5 ii 25 × 5 b 480 c 40
6 a 12 b 672
7 a 52 b 312
8 24 × 54
9 a The only common factor of two prime numbers is 1. b Multiply the two primes together.
4
10 a 3 b 2 × 7 × 11 c They have no prime factors in common.
Term 0 1 3 7 49
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b i x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
y 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
ii x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
y 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
y 7 9 11 13 y 1 7 17 37
iii x 2 6 10 30
iv x 5 10 40 50
y 11 13 15 25 y −2 −1 5 7
x x
b i y = 2x + 5 ii y = 2x − 3 iii y = 10
+ iv y =
3
−
2 5
x
3 a i ‘subtract 5’ ii ‘divide by 2’ b i y = x − 5 ii y =
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5 a 32 km, since it’s much further than the rest. 1.6 m, since it’s only about two steps.
b No. 0.5 km × 10 = 5 km, but her furthest is only 4 km.
c Honesty. All her distances are multiples of 250 m; most of Frank’s are not.
6 1.23, 1.32, 2.13, 2.31, 3.12, 3.21, 12.3, 13.2, 21.3, 23.1, 31.2, 32.1
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°
x
°
y
2 a = 75°, vertically opposite angles; b = 75°, corresponding to the given angle; c = 105°, angles on a straight line;
d = 105°, alternate angle to c.
3 a g and i b c and e
4 a i BEF ii DEB iii EBC b No
5 Lines l and n are parallel because corresponding angles (80° and 100°) are equal. The angles are not the same for
line m so that is not parallel to the other two.
6
t ° s °
120°
s = 120°, vertically opposite angles; s = t , corresponding angles; hence t = 120°.
7 Yes. The angle vertically opposite 50° is also 50°. That angle and the 75° add up to 125° and that makes an angle
alternate to the 125° marked.
8
°
a
°
b
°
c
a = c, corresponding angles; b + c = 180°, angles on a straight line; hence a + c = 180°.
a + b = 180°, angles on a straight line, so a = 180 − b; b + c = 180°, angles on a straight line, so c = 180 − b;
hence a and c are equal.
2 a ° ° ° °
x b a y
°
c
°
z
x = a + c, exterior angle; y = b + c, exterior angle; z = b + a, exterior angle; x + y + z = a + c + b + c + b + a =
2(a + b + c) = 2 × 180 = 360°.
b
°
°
x b
°
°
a w
° °
° °
d z y c
a + w = b + x = c + y = d + z = 180°, angles on a straight line; hence ( a + b + c + d ) + (w + x + y + z ) =
4 × 180 = 720°; but w + x + y + z = 360°, angles of a quadrilateral; Hence a + b + c + d = 720° – 360° = 360°.
3 A
w ° x °
B
D y °
z °
C
a x = y , alternate angles; w = z , alternate angles; hence x + w = y + z or angle A = angle C.
b Prove that angle B = angle D in a similar way, by drawing the diagonal BD.
4 a = 110 – 40 = 70°, exterior angle of a triangle; b = 110 – 55 = 55°, exterior angle; c = 110 – 70 = 40°,
exterior angle.
5
x ° y °
b °
a °
118° 74°
a = 118 – 74 = 44°, exterior angle; so x = 44°, vertically opposite angle.
b = 74°, alternate angle; y = 180 – 44 – 74 = 62°, angles on a straight line.
6 Divide the hexagon into two quadrilaterals by joining two opposite vertices. Show that the angles of the
quadrilaterals make the angles of the hexagon, so the angle sum is 2 × 360 = 720°.
7
°
a
°
b
°
c
c = a, corresponding angles; c + b = 180°, angles on a straight line; hence a + b = 180°.
b 18 c 3 d 8
4 a 7 b 8 c 30 d 11
5 a Arabian Morgan Thoroughbred Other Total
Female owner 42 18 55 4 119
Male owner 26 44 25 8 103
Total 68 62 80 12 222
b 44 c 142
6 AAA AA C cell Total
Ordinary 3000 6000 15 000 24 000
Rechargeable 1000 4000 1500 6500
Total 4000 10 000 16 500 30 500
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99 88 22
2 a i 0.99 ii b i 0.88 ii =
100 100 25
16 4 4 1
c i 0.16 ii =
d i 0.04 ii =
100 25 100 25
49 39
3 a i 98% ii b i 78% ii
50 50
3 1
c i 12% ii d i 5% ii
25 20
2 a 3 1 3 b 5 1 1 c 3 11 5 d 2 3 1 e 4 18 7
, , , , , , , , , ,
4 2 8 12 4 6 4 16 8 5 10 4 5 25 10
3 1 2 3 6 1 13 5 19 5 11 7 10 7 5 67 23 31
3 a , ,
7 2 3
b , , c , , d , , e , , f , ,
10 19 3 21 8 30 9 19 12 13 9 6 90 30 40
4 5 12 17 3
, , ,
8 17 24 4
5 The numerators are all the same number. The bigger the denominator, the smaller the fraction.
She must be correct.
2 a 1 b 7 c 1 d 11 e 7
1 1 1
14 12 6 24 24
2 1 8 5 13 , 7 13
3 a + = + =
5 4 20 20 20 20
1 5 3 10 13 13 1 1 1
b + = + = , = 1 ,9 + 1 = 10
4 6 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
23 21 115 63 52 7
4 a − = − = =
3
3 5 15 15 15 15
42 59 84 59 25 5 1
b 5
−
10
=
10
−
10
=
10
=
2
=
2
2
5 a 1 b 11 c 5
d 13 e 9
3 4 2 2 6
2 12 12 16 32
f 1 g 1 h 5 i 42 j 23
1 15 2 6 1
2 10 6 55 24
5 11 1 5
6 B, 3 + 4 =8 ; the other two equal 8
18
.
9 18 6
19 7 1 1
7 A, 4
20
−
2
10
=
2 ;
4
the other two equal 2
3
.
1 3
8 a 2 km b 19 km
8 8
7
3 A, of 24
8
3
4 B, of 25
4
3
5 4 of 24 = 19
1
, 7 of 28 = 19 , 11 of 27 = 19
4
5 5 10 5 15 5
3 a 1 b 1 c 3 d 1 e 1 f 1
13 17 13 13 10 19
2 2 4 3 2 4
4 No. Oditi divided the 68 by 4 and the 12 by 3. The divisors must be the same when cancelling.
Then 85 ÷ 4 = 21
1
4
, 20 54 gives the same decimal (21.25), but it has not been simplified enough.
17
5 1
The correct answer is × 68 , 5 × 17 = 85, 85 ÷ 3 = 28
3
.
12
3
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2 2 3 1 7 2
2 a b c d e f
5 5 10 2 11 5
3 5 6 35 18 7
3 a b c d e f
4 12 7 54 25 30
1 1 1 5 7 10
4 a 1 b 1 c 1 d 1 e 4 f 2
2 20 6 9 12 21
5 a 1 b 1 c 1 d 3 e 3 f 2
1 1 1 4
4 3 2 5 3
720 1 2 3 4 5 6 1
6 a b × × × × × =
5040 2 3 4 5 6 7 7
e f g h
i j k l
2 a 2 b 1 c 1 d 2 e 6 f 1 g 4
h 1 i 1 j 2 k 3 l 1
3 a 2 b 5 c 0 d 2 e 2 f 8 g 8 h 4
4 a 2 b 5 c 2 d 2 e 2 f 8 g 8 h 4
5 a b c
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2 C, D, F
3 There are several possible nets, e.g.
21 cm
14 cm
4 cm
14 cm
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5
15ab – 6cd
For questions 6 and 7, check students have drawn two pyramids. Each adjacent pair of blocks in the bottom row
must add to give the block directly above them.
6
7d + 4ef
7
9ef + 5mn
8 a 1. You can’t simplify 10xy and 5xz by adding them together as the algebraic terms are different.
2. You can simplify 4cb – bc by subtraction to 3bc as the algebraic terms are the same.
b 1. 10xy + 5xz 2. 2a 2 + 3bc
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0 x
–2 –1 1 2 3 4 5
–1
–2
–3
–4
–5
–6
10
0 x
–3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4
–1
–2
–3
0 x
–2 –1 1 2 3 4 5 6
–1
–2
0 x
–3 –2 –1 1 2 3
–1
–2
–3
–4
–5
–6
–7
–8
–9
–10
5 a The values of y are 2, 1.5, 1, 0.5, 0, −0.5, −1, −1.5, −2. b y
2
0 x
–4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4
–1
–2
0 x
–4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4
–1
–2
–3
–4
–5
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x −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 8
y −9 −6 −3 0 3 6 9 7
0 x
–3 –2 –1 1 2 3
–1
–2
–3
–4
–5
–6
–7
–8
–9
0 x
–5 –4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4 5
–1
–2
–3
–4
–5
–6
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0 x
–4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4
–10
–20
–30
–40
–50
–60
–70
–80
2 a The values of y are −8, −4, 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24. b, c y
24
20
16
12
0 x
–4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4
–4
–8
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2x + 3 −5 −3 −1 1 3 5 7 9 11
2x – 2 −10 −8 −6 −4 −2 0 2 4 6
0 x
–4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4
–1
–2
–3
–4
–5
–6
–7
–8
–9
–10
0 x
–40 –30 –20 –10 10 20 30 40
–1
–2
–3
–4
5 a The values of y are −48, −40, −32, −24, −16, −8, 0, 8, 16. b y
20
10
0 x
–4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4
–10
–20
–30
–40
–50
0
0 10 20 30 40
Time (minutes)
10
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time (seconds)
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2 a 2 b 1 c 1 d 1
3 3 2
b i 1 ii 4 iii 3
5 5 5
5 a 61 b 10 c 5
100 49 12
7 There are four equally likely outcomes, HH, HT, TH and TT. Two heads is one of these options so
the probability is 1 .
4
2 a
+ 1 2 3
1 2 3 4
2 3 4 5
3 4 5 6
c × 1 2 3
1 1 2 3
2 2 4 6
3 3 6 9
3 a 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 0 1 2 3 4 5
2 1 0 1 2 3 4
3 2 1 0 1 2 3
4 3 2 1 0 1 2
5 4 3 2 1 0 1
6 5 4 3 2 1 0
5 a + 3 4 5 6
7 10 11 12 13
8 11 12 13 14
9 12 13 14 15
c − 3 4 5 6
7 4 3 2 1
8 5 4 3 2
9 6 5 4 3
d i 1 ii 1 iii 1
4 2 12
e 2
3
b i 1 ii 4 iii 7
9 9 9
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7 7 7
6 6 6
5 5 5
4 4 4
3 3 3
2 2 2
1 1 1
0 0 0
x x x
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
mirror line y = 4 mirror line x = 4 mirror line y = 3.5
2 a b c d
5 5 5
4 4 4
3 3 3
2 2 2
1 1 1
0 0 0
x x x
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
4 y
6
A
5
4
3
2 C
B
1
D
0
x
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
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