Case Study 2: What

Happened in the Cavite

Mutiny?
 Cavite Mutiny

Uprising of 200 Filipino at

Cavite arsenal aiming to get rid
of the Spanish government in
the Philippines.
REASONS:
The injustice of the government in not paying
provinces for their tobacco crops.

The practice of "USURY".

Abolition for the exemption in paying annual

tribute and force labor.

The year 1872 is a historic year of

two events: the Cavite Mutiny
and the martyrdom of the three
priests–GOMBURZA.
GOMBURZA
refers to three Filipino
Catholic priests:

Mariano Gomez
José Burgos
Jacinto Zamora
These events are very important milestones
in Philippine history and have caused
ripples throughout time, directly influencing
the decisive events of the Philippine
Revolution towardthe end of the century.
While the significance is unquestioned, what
made this year controversial are the different
sides to the story, a battle of perspectives
supported by primary sources. In this case
study, we zoom in to the events of the Cavite
Mutiny, a major factor in the awakening of
nationalism among the Filipinos of that time.
Spanish Accounts of the
Cavite Mutiny
José Antonio Julián
Montero y Vidal
Spanish Historian
The documentation of Spanish historian
Jose Montero y Vidal centered on how the
event was an attempt in overthrowing the
Spanish government in the Philippines.

Although regarded as a historian, his

account of the mutiny was criticized as
woefully biased and rabid for a scholar.
 Rafael Cayetano
Izquierdo y Guttierez
Spanish Military Officer, Politician and
Statesman
Governor-General in thePhilippines
(April 4,1871-January 8, 1873)
"Iron Fist"
Governor-General in Puerto Rico (March
1862-April 1862)
Another account from the official
report written by then Governor
General Rafael Izquierdo implicated
the native clergy, who were then,
active in the movement toward
secularization of parishes.
Spanish Accounts of the
Cavite Mutiny:
Primary Source: Excerpts from
the Official Report of Governor
Izquierdo on the Cavite Mutiny
of 1872

Primary Source: Excerpts from

Montero's Account of the
Cavite Mutiny
Primary Source: Excerpts
from Montero's Account of
the Cavite Mutiny
The Spanish revolution which overthrew a
secular throne; the propaganda carried on by
an unbridled press against monarchical
principles, attentatory [sic] of the most sacred
respects towards the dethroned majesty; The
outbursts of the American publicists and the
criminal policy of the senseless Governor
whom the Revolutionary government sent to
govern the Philippines,
and who put into practice these ideas were the
determining circumstances which gave rise,
among certain Filipinos, to the idea of attaining
their independence. It was towards this goal that
they started to work, with the powerful assistance
of a certain section of the native clergy, who out
of spite toward friars, made common cause with
the enemies of the mother country.
At various times but especially inthe beginning of
year 1872, the authorities received anonymous
communications with the information that a great
uprising would break out against the Spaniards, the
minute the fleet at Cavite left for the South, and
that all would be assassinated, including the friars.
But nobody gave importance to these notices.
The conspiracy had been going on since the days of
La Torre with utmost secrecy. At times, the principal
leaders met either in the house of Filipino Spaniard,
D. Joaquin Pardo De Tavera, or in that of the native
priest, Jacinto Zamora, and these meetings were
usually attended by the curate of Bacoor, the soul of
the movement, whose energetic character and
immense wealth enabled him to exercise a strong
influence.
 Primary Source: Excerpts
from the Official Report of
Governor Izquierdo on the
Cavite Mutiny of 1872
Izquierdo reported to the Spanish
Minister of War, dated in Manila,
January 23, 1873
The revolution was prepared by
the mestizos, abogadillos or native
lawyers, residents of Manila and
Cavite, and the native clergy.
LIQUIDATE HIGH-RANKING
SPANISH OFFICERS
A government headed by a
"Hari" but turned out to be a
"Priest"
Jose Burgoz and Jacinto
Zamora
Persuading the native troops with
their superstitious beliefs, that God
would not fail them.
DISTRICT OF TONDO
SAMPALOC
VIRGIN OF LORETO
They mistook the fireworks
display as the sign for the start
of the rebellion.
The revolution was easily crushed
by the Spanish forces that was
ordered to be reinforced by
Governor General Izquierdo.And
when the expected reinforcement
from Manila did not come.
Instigators including Sergeant
Lamadrid were killed in the
revolution while the GOMBURZA
were sentenced to be executed.
47 sentenced to be executed

11 (10 years imprisonment)

11 sentenced to life imprisonment and

suspended from their practice of law.
Joaquin Pardo de Tavera
Antonio Ma. Regidor
Pio Basa
Jose Basa
Marianas Island
February 17, 1872
Izquierdo don't give credit to
anyone who tipped the
Spanish government, as he
was confident that he could
handle the mutineers without
their information.
Highlights:

Overthrowing of Spanish government and

form a new government headed by a hari.

The execution of Gomburza

1872 Cavite Mutiny

1. Historical Event
2. NATIONALISM
WHAT IS THE MOST SIGNIFICANT EFFECT OF THE
CAVITE MUTINY?

Convicted educated men who participated in the

mutiny were sentenced life imprisonment while
members of the native clergy headed by the
GOMBURZA were tried and executed by garrote.
This episode leads to the awakening of nationalism
and eventually to the outbreak of Philippine
Revolution of 1896.
Reporters:

MALAZA, JESSA MAE V.

MANILAG, JOHN CLYDE
Thank You for
Listening!