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Chavacano de Zamboanga: Idiomatic Expressions and Chavacano-English

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CHAVACANO DE ZAMBOANGA
Idiomatic Expressions
&
Chavacano-English Dictionary

2
Copyright © Gefilloyd L. De Castro, 2019
All rights reserved.

No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the written permission of the
copyright owner and the publisher.

For comments, corrections and suggestions, please email aqohsidyep812@gmail.com

3
EXPRECCION IDIOMATICO
Idiomatic Expression
It is very difficult to translate idiomatic expressions into English. Thus, some idiomatic
expressions were translated word for word while others according to meaning in context.

Arroz arroz – very serious

Juego juego lang kita, no hace arroz arroz el juego.

“It’s just a game. Don’t take it seriously.

Arya – to drive someone away.

Ya arya conele de suyo nana cuando ya sabe cae ta man novio-novio.

“Her mother drove her away when the mother knew that she’s having a boyfriend.”

Balimbing – a person who favors both side; a turncoat person; traitor.

Bien balimbing gayot diamond barrio Capitan.

“Our barangay Captain is a turncoat person.”

Bola-bola – used to express disbelief.

Juan: Man sungkit gayod yo el maga estrella para contigo.

Travesa yo monte y aplaya para mira lang contigo.
“I will reach for the stars for you.
I will cross the mountain and sea jusft to see you.”

Juana: Bola-bola!
“Your egg.” or
“Talk to your egg.”

Bulao – out of ones’ mind.

Bulao man gayod este si Juan. Pensa'y pensa con el novia.

“Juan is out of his mind. He always thinks of his girlfriend.”

Bungul – used to tell someone who ignores something.

Bungul man gayod vo! Saca daw quel oh!

“You’re so deaf! Get that one!”

4
Busca cen – to find ways to earn money; to earn for a living; to work.

Juan: Pang, dale comigo cen.

“Dad, give me money.”

Pedro: Luego ya, noy. Busca anay yo cen.

“Later, son. I will still look for it.”

Busca la vida/La vida – to earn for a living; to work.

Ta busca/ta man la vida pa mi tata.

“My father is still working or earning for a living.”

Cabrito – a person who does not (want to) take a bath.

Enante pa yo ya habla cae baña. Cabrito gaja este ele oh.

“I have already told you to take a bath. Maybe you are a goat.”

Caliente boca – used when something bad happened because someone said it.

Bien caliente boca man gayod vos! Ya perde ya lng yo na puestahan.

“You really have a hot mouth! (Look) I lost in betting.”

Cavana – used to someone has just had a sex.

Yan cavana ya sila dos.

“They’re done having sex.”

Cencillo – something is just nothing in terms of monetary value; the amount is considered
coins; break into pieces.

Libre tamen alli. Cencillo lang se contigo.

“You also treat us. It’s just nothing to you.”

Ya queda cencillo el motor por causa na accidente.

“The motorcycle broke into pieces because of the accident.”

Claro ya el Basilan – expression of certainty or of favorable conclusion especially when

someone or a group is likely to win a game.

Gana ya kita. Claro ya el Basilan.

“I can already see that we will win.”

5
Conviene – used to make someone realize that he/she did something bad and that he deserves
it; good for you.
Conviene con vos! Ama pa con ele.
“You deserve it! Go and love him/her again.

Cuero – uncircumcised.

Si Leo cuero.
“Leo is uncircumcised.”
Cuchara malabao – gossiper

Mio nana cuchara malabao.

“My mother is gossiper.”
Cupal – boastful; arrogant; conceited.

Quien aquel ele? Bien ma-cupal man aquel.

“Who is he/she? He/she is very arrogant.”

De alla alla – one who lives in a very far place.

Bien alboroto man gayod kamo. De alla alla siguro kamo.

“You are very noisy. You probably live in a very far place.”

De loco – foolish
Juan: Mira kita Tom and Jerry...
“Let’s watch Tom and Jerry.”

Pedro: De loco se.

“That’s foolish.”

Duele na orejas – irritable

Ta duele mi orejas cada vez le conversa.

“It’s irritable every time he/she speaks.”

Duro – brave; courageous.

Ya habla ya no anda alla. Tampa duro man gayod. Conviene con vos.
“I told you not to go there. You think you’re brave. Good for you.

Evos ya – used to tell that someone acts like somebody.

Evos ya! Cosa bo ta pensa comigo, no sabe?

“You already! What do you think of me, I don’t know it?”

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Grande tai – a rich or influential person.

Grande tai daw aquel quien ya muri alla oh.

“Accordingly, that man who passed away is influential/rich.”

Grueso cara – shameless; without shame

Hinde gane aquel ele invitado pero talla na cumpleaño de Juan. Grueso man aquel el cara.
“He/she is not invited at the birthday party of Juan. His/her face is thick.”

Hirvi sangre – angry; used to tell that someone/something causes someone to be angry.

Maca hirvi sangre man gayod mira con aquellos de coche ta buta lang basura na camino.
“It makes me angry when I see people in the car throwing waste along the road.”

Diutay se – very big.

Jutay se pescao.
“That fish is very big.”

Labuyo – used to tell that someone has not attended the class and went just anywhere.

Taqui lang gane vos na computeran! Bien labuyuin gayod vos noy.
“You are just here at the internet café! You are so class-cutter.”

Larga palabra – a promise; a curse; say something bad.

Juan: Ta llora si Juana.

“Juana is crying.”

Pedro: Por que daw?

“Why is that so?”

Juan: Ya larga con ele palabra disuyo tata.

“Her father said something bad to her.”

Lava mano – does not want to accept responsibility or does not want to admit the fault.

Habla ya el verdad. No mas ya lava mano.

“Just tell the truth. Stop washing your hands.”

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Ma eche – not straightforward.

Hace claro. Bien ma eche gayod tu.

“Make it clear. You are not straightforward.”

Marca palabra – to promesa.

Nunca gayod yo pidi ayuda con vos! Marca vos mi palabra.

“I will never help you. Mark my word.”

Merloquet – very far

Juan: Donde tu anda?

“Where are you going?”

Pedro: Alla na merloquet.

“Somewhere very far.”

Moñeca de pogon – ugly.

Si Nene dol moneca de pogon si ta llora.

“Nene looks ugly when she cries.”

Muerto de risas – used to express extreme happiness; extreme laugh.

Maca muri gayod na risas si Vice Ganda.

“Vice Ganda will really cause us to laugh extremely.”

Na lata – underdog

Juga kamo kanila? Na lata lang kamo.

“Are you going to play with them? You will not win.”

Nineteen ninety calawang – very old

Nineteen ninety calawang pa man gayod se cancion.

“That song is very old.”

No hay chance – used to tell that someone/something is not beneficial.

No hay chance sigi con Robin.

“There is nothing we can get from being with Robin.”

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Piti pies/Pitik pies – to look for a way to cause conflict/trouble.

Si Arnel ta busca gayod piti pies.

“Arnel is really looking for trouble.”

Poco se/ese – enormous; large in number.

Poco se gente na Paseo del Mar.

“There are so many people at the Paseo del Mar.

Por pecho – to take seriously.

No hace por pecho el cosa yo ya habla. Broma lang aquel.

“Do not take seriously what I said. It’s just a joke.”

Queda blanco el uwak – used to express impossibility.

Man libre yo contigo si queda blanco el uwak.

“I will treat you if the crow will turn into black.”

Seco – used to express emptiness in terms of money; no money.

Juan: Libre daw conmigo.

(You) treat me.

Pedro: Bien seco gayod yo ahora.

“I have really nothing now.”

Siembra caña – to hold a grudge or resentment.

No mas man broma-broma con Lizel cae ta siembra se caña.

“Don’t you ever make joke with Lizel because she really holds a grudge.”

Suda frio – to be nervous; tensed; worried; anxious.

Ya suda ya lang yo frio enantes na recitacion.

“I was nervous earlier during the recitation.”

Supla – punch; hit; shoot.

Dinigrido man se dituyo un ojos. Quien contigo ya supla?

“Your eye is black. Who hit you?”

9
Ta mira – I think.

Ta mira yo man separtahan se sila.

“I think they will be separated.”

Talli pa el luz – used when someone insists that he/she is telling the truth.

Juan: Nohay daw clase luego habla si Sir.

“There will bo no class this afternoon according to our teacher.”

Pedro: Todo bagon.

“That’s a lie.”

Juan: Deberasan ba. Talli pa el luz.

“It’s true. I’m telling the truth.”

Tampa si quien – used with someone who feels or thinks that he/she is important or is
somebody.

No queda tampa si quien si juga basketball.

“Don’t act as if you’re somebody when you play basketball.”

Tomao – drunk.

Juan: Por que daw ya accidenta si Junjun?

“Why did Junjun involve in an accident?”

Pedro: Tomao daw aquel ele.

“Because he was drunk accordingly.”

Todo bagon – foolish.

Juan: Bien guapo gayod yo.

“I am so handsome.”

Pedro: Todo bagon.

“That’s a lie.”

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Tu cuidao – it’s up to you.

Juan: Enamora ya gaha yo con ele? Ta mira uste?

“Am I going to court her already? What do you think?”

Pedro: Tu cuidao.
“Up to you.”

Utuk bulinao – narrow mind or one who thinks narrowly.

Bien utuk bulinao man gayod bo!

“You really have a narrow mind.”

Yagit – someone who is untidy or who is physically unpleasant.

Noy, baña ya cae yagit ya gayod tu.

“Kid, take a shower already because you look so untidy.”

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CHAVACANO-INGLES
DICCIONARIO

12
Abbreviations

n – noun
adj – adjective
adv – adverb
v – verb
conj – conjuction
prep – preposition
interj - interjection
pron – pronoun

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abaja v. to go down. adentro prep. inside; in; within; inward; indoor
abajo adv. down. adiós n. goodbye
abandona v. abandon; leave. adjetivo n. adjective
abandonao adj. abandoned; administra v. to administer; to attend
abanico n. fan administración n. administration
abdomen n. abdomen admiti v. to admit
abembao adj. crazy, foolish. adobo n. marinated dish
abierto ad. open. adora v. to ador
abilidad n. ability adrento prep. inside; in; within; inward; indoor
abogao n. lawyer adulterio n. adultery
aborto n. abortion adverbo n. adverb
abrasa v. to embrace advertencia n. caution; notice; warning
abri v. open adverti v. to inform; to warn;
abuela n. grandmother afavor v. to favor
abuelo n. grandfather affectao adj. affected
abundancia n. abundance afloha v. to loose, to loosen.
aburrido adj. angry afloja v. to loose, to loosen.
abuya v. to appear afuera prep. outside; outdoor; outward; out
aca a marker for ordinal number (Aca-dos – second). aga adj. morning; daytime
acaba (1) v. to finish; (2) ad. after agarra v. to hold; touch
acabao adj. finished agradable adj. pleasant; nice; neat
acabar adj. then agraviao adj. aggrived
acados adj. second agravio n. offence; grievance
acasiete adj. seventh agua n. water
accepta v. accept aguanta v. to hold tightly
acceptao ad. accepted aguera v. to pierce a hole, to make a hole.
accidenta v. to involve in an accident aguero n. hole, small pit, loophole.
accidente n. accident aguerao adj. damaged, torn, broken, tattered, wrecked.
accion n. action aguja n. needle
aceite n. oil agujero n. hole; leak; bore
acerca adj. about; regarding; on agusador n. pencil sharpener.
acorda v. to remember ahora adv. now
acostumbra v. to accustom ajunta v. to collect; to gather;
acta v. to act ajuntao adj. collected; gathered.
acto n. act alabanza n. praise
actual ad. Actual alabastro n. alabaster
actualmente adv. actually alajas n. jewel; jewelry
acusa v. to accuse alat n.
acusación n. accusation; charge; prosecution; complaint alboroto adj. noisy.
acusador n. accusser alcalde n. mayor.
acustao adj. laid. alcansa v. to reach
adelantao ad. advanced; forward; progressed alcanza v. to reach
adelante adv. Ahead; onward; forth; forward alegra (1) v. to be happy; to merry. (2) v. to fix; to
ademas adv. moreover; also; besides; furthermore arrange.

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alegre adj. happy; joyful. amula v. sharpen.
alegria n. happiness; joy. amulador n. whetstone.
alerto adj. alert. anak n. child; children; son; daughter.
alfabeto n. alphabet anay (1) adv. yet. (2) n. termite.
algún adj. some; any. ancho adj. wide; spacious; big.
alisto adj. alert; active. anda v. to go.
alivio n. relief; alleviation; ease; easement; comfort. animal n. animal
alla adv. there (far); yonder. animo n. courage; bravery.
alli adv. there (near). anoche adv. last night
alma n. soul; spirit. ansina (1) like this. (2) adv. really.
almuerza v. to eat breakfast. anteayer adv. the other day.
almuerzo n. breaksfast. antes adv. long before
almujada n. pillow. anuncia v. to announce
alrededor adv. around; at the side. apa (1) ad. mute. (2) n. ice cream cone.
alsa v. to lift; to raise; to increase. apaga v. to extinguish; to switch off; to turn off.
alsamiento n. raise; lift; increase. apas v. to go after
alta ad. tall fem. apenas adv. immediately after; right after.
altar n. altar. aplaya n. sea; beach.
altavoz n. speaker aprende v. to learn; to study.
alternative n. alternative. aproba v. to approve; to agree.
alto ad. tall masc. aprobao ad. approved; agreed.
altor n. height. aprovecha v. to benefit; to gain.
altura n. height. aquel pr. that.
alucina v. to hallucinate. aquellos pr. those.
alucinacion n. hallucination. aquí adv. here
alumbra v. to light; to illuminate. ara (1) v. to harvest. (2) adv. now; right now.
alumno n. alumnus; student. arena n. sand
ama v. to love. ariba adv. up; above.
amable adj. lovable. armao ad. armed.
amarao adj. tied; tied up; fastened; secured. armas n. firearm.
amarea v. to feel dizzy. arranca v. to eradicate; to remove;
amareao adj. dizzy. arregla v. to fix; to arrange
amargoso n. bitter gourd; bitter squash. arreglao adj. fixed; arranged.
amarillo ad. yellow. arreglo n. arrangement.
amarra v. to tie; to tie up; fasten; to bind; to secure. arresta v. to arrest.
amarrao adj. tied; tied up; fastened; secured. arrestao adj. arrested;
ambicion n. ambition; dream; goal. arria v. to extend (a rope); to drive away.
amber n. hunger. arriba adv. up; above.
amiga n. friend fem. arrima v. to move (something).
amigo n. friend masc. arripinti v. to repent; to regret.
amistad n. friendship; camaraderie; comradeship. arripintido adj. repented; regretful; remorseful.
amo (1) n. owner; leader; boss; master; proprietor. (2) arripintimiento n. repentance; regret; remorse.
it/that is. arrogante adj. arrogant.
amor n. love. arroz n. uncooked rice.

15
arte n. art. averguenza v. to cause shame; to put to shame or
articulo n. article. disgrace.
arya v. to extend (a rope); to drive away. averguenzao adj. shameful; disgraceful.
asa v. to grill; to hope; to expect. avisa v. to report; to inform; to tell; to announce.
asao adj. roasted; grilled. ay marker for future aspect
asegún prep. according to. ayer adv. yesterday
asegura v. to make sure; to ensure. ayuda v. to help; to assist.
aseguranza n. sureness. ayudajan v. to help each other.
asegurao adj. sure. ayudante n. helpmate; helper.
asignatura n. assignment. ayuno n. fasting.
asistencia n. assistance. azul adj. blue.
asisti v. to assist; to attend. ba intrj. expressing confirmation, anger, and disgust.
asocia v. to associate. babuy n. pig.
asquia v. to disgust. baca n. cow.
astronaut n. astronaut. bachiller n. bachelor.
asumi v. to assume; to take on. bachillerato adj. bachelor.
asunto n. topic; subject; concern; issue; affair; matter; bagon n. shrimp paste.
thing; business; proposition. baila v. to dance.
asusta v. to scare; to frighten; to alarm. baile n. dance.
asustao adj. afraid; scared; frightened. bajo adj. low.
ataca v. to attack. baka adv. maybe; perhaps; possibly.
ataque n. attack. bala n. bullet.
atención n. attention. balde n. pale.
atende v. to attend. bale (1) adj. good; great. (2) conj. So. (3) v. to get the
atontao adj. idiot, foolish, moron, stupid. salary or payment in advance.
atraca v. to draw or go near; to approach. baliscat adj. reverse; revert; opposite; upside down.
atractivo adj. attractive. balikutot adj. well positioned.
atrás (1) v. to retreat. (2) n. back; behind. ballena n. whale.
atrasa v. to be late, to be delayed. bolpen n. pen; ballpen.
atrasao adj. late; delayed. banco n. chair; bank.
atrevi v. to try. banda (1) n. band. (2) v. to bounce.
atrevido adj. constantly trying. bandido n. bandit.
atributo n. attribute. bangka n. small boat.
atubang v. facing banko n. chair; bank.
autografo n. autograph. barangay n. small district or village.
automovil n. car; mobile car. barato adj. cheap; inexpensive; affordable.
autor n. author. barbilla n. chin.
autoridad n. authority; power. barco n. boat; ship.
avance v. to advance. barkada n. friend or friends.
avante v. to move forward or ahead. barko n. boat; ship.
avenida adj. floody. barreta n. bar.
aventura n. adventure barriga n. abdomen; belly; stomach.
aventurero n. adventurer. barrio n. small district or village.
aver exp. let’s see.

16
base (1) n. base (2) v. to have as the foundation or to use bombia v. to punch, to hit using a fist.
as a point from which something is developed. bonita adj. beautiful (feminine).
basia v. to pour. bonito adj. handsome (masculine); beautiful (things or
basiada n. flow; stream. animals).
basin n. toilet bowl; lavatory bowl. bora v. to erase; to remove.
basketbol n. basketball. boring adj. boredome.
baso n. water glass. borrachon adj. drunken; a person who is habitually or
basta adv. enough; just; as long as. frequently drunk.
baston n. walking stick. bos pron. you (very informal).
basura n. garbage; waste; rubbish. botella n. bottle.
bata (1) n. child; kid; baby. (2) adj. young. brazo n. arm.
batallón n. battalion; large organized group. brilla v. to shine; to spark; to glow.
batea n. basin; wash basin; dishpan. brillante adj. shiny; glowing; brilliant; sparkly; glossy.
batuta n. policeman’s or security guard’s stick. brinca v. to jump.
bautisa v. to baptize. broma (1) n. joke. (2) v. to joke.
bautisao adj. baptized. bronze n. bronze; copper wire.
bautismo n. baptism. bubuyug n. bee.
bautista n. baptist buen adj. good.
bella n. beauty. buenas adj. lucky; fortunate; blessed.
belleza n. beauty. bueno adj. good.
bendici v. to bless. buga v. to drive (an animal or insect) away.
bendicido adj. blessed. bukug n. bone.
bendicion n. blessing. bula n. bubble.
beneficio n. benefit. bulador n. kite.
besa v. to kiss. bulao adj. lost in mind or out of one’s mind.
beso n. kiss. bulinao n. a very small veriety of fish.
bicicleta n. bicycle. buling n. dirt
bien adv. very; so; really. buncao adj. destroyed; devastated; torn down; wrecked;
biernes n. Friday demolished; ruined.
bijuco n. a thin stick. bungul adj. deaf.
bijuquia v. to hit or spank using a thin stick. busca v. to find; to search; to seek.
bilog n. piece. buta v. to throw.
bilug n. piece. buukan n. a place filled with trees.
bira v. to return or come back. caballero n. a person who takes care horses; a horse
birada n. curving; return. rider; gentleman; knight.
bizcocho n. toasted bread or biscuit. cabeza n. head.
blanco adj. white. cabrito n. goat.
blusa n. blouse. cacao n. a fruit used to make chocolate or cocoa; cocoa.
bo pron. you (very informal). cada adj. every; each.
bobocha v. to knock down, to punch, to hit. cadena n. chain.
bobochao adj. knocked down, bruised. cadenita n. necklace.
boca n. mouth. cadera n. hip or hips.
bodega n. storage of product or things. cae (1) conj. because; since; considering; inasmuch.
bola n. ball. (2) v. to fall.

17
café n. coffee carga v. to carry, lift.
caga v. to defacate, to poop. cargamiento n. things or things to be carried or lift up.
cagon adj. one who defacates frequently. cargando v. lifting
cajón n. box. cargo n. things, products.
calabaza n. squash; pumpkin; gourd. carnal adj. carnal; of relating to flesh.
calamidad n. calamity. carne n. meat.
calavera n. skeleton. caro (1) adj. expensive, pricey, costly. (2) n. push cart.
calawang adj. rusted; corroded; tarnished. carpintero n. carpenter.
calayat (1) adj. things are left scattered. (2) v. to scatter carta n. letter or correspondence.
or spraed out. cása n. house, home.
caldero n. metal pot. casá v. to marry; to give in.
caldo n. soup or stew. casao adj. married; a gun prepared to shoot.
calenta v. to heat or warm. casamiento n. wedding.
calentura n. fever. caso n. case, complain, issue, proportion.
calidad n. quality. castiga v. to punish, castigate.
caliente adj. hot; warm. castigao adj. punished, castigated.
calla v. to shut up. castigo n. punishment.
callao adj. quiet; one is not talking. causa (1) n. cause, reason, motive. (2) v. to be the reason.
calle n. road; street. cay (1) conj. because; since; considering; inasmuch. (2) v.
calma v. to calm dwon. to fall.
calmao adj. calmed; relaxed. cejas n. eyebrow.
calor n. fever; heat; warmth. celebra v. to celebrate.
cama n. bed. celebración n. celebration.
cambal n. twin. celeste n. sky.
cambia v. to change, replace, modify, transform, reform. celestial adj. celestial, heavenly.
cambiao adj. changed, replaced, transformed, modified, celos n. jealousy.
reformed. celoso adj. jealouse.
cambio n. change, replacement, transformation, cementerio n. cemetery.
modification, reformation. cementeryo n. cemetery.
camello n. camel. cen n. money.
camina v. to walk; to go to somewhere. cena (1) n. dinner. (2) v. to dine.
caminando (1) v. walking. (2) adv. by means of walking. cencillo n. coins.
camino n. way, road, street. ceniza n. ash.
camisa n. shirt, cloth, blouse, polo shirt. centra v. to aim; to place something in the middle.
canal n. a narrow water passage or stream. centro n. center.
canalla adj. stingy, selfish, closefisted. cerca adv. near.
canción n. music, song. ceremonia n. ceremony.
canda prep. of, from. cerra v. to close.
canta v. to sing. chamba n. luck.
cantidad n. quantity. chico n. boy, young man.
capitán n. captain. chismis (1) n. gossip. (2) to gossip.
cara n. face. chocolate n. chocolate
character n. character. chonggo n. monkey.
caratula n. board, billboard, signage. cielo n. sky.

18
ciencia n. science. con prep. with
cine n. movie theater. conciencia n. conscience.
cintura n. waist, waistline. condena v. to condemn.
cinturón n. belt. condenao adj. condemned.
cirujano condición n. condition.
ciudad n. city. condolencia n. condolence.
civil n. civil. coneccion n. connection.
civilasao adj. civilized. conejo n. rabbit.
con hambre adj. hungry. conele pron. him/her.
claridad n. clarity. confesa v. to confess; to tell the truth; to speak up.
claro adj. clear. confía v. to trust; to put one’s confidence to someone.
clase n. class. confianza n. trust, confidence.
clavao adj. nailed. confirmacion n. confirmation.
clavetia v. to nail. conforma v. to conform, agree.
clavo n. nail. conforme adj. conformed, agreed.
clavo-clavo n. peperomia pellucida; a small plant with conformacion n. conformation
heart-shaped, fleshy and shiny leaves. conoce v. to know, recognize, familiarize.
cobra v. to collect money. conosihan v. to know each other.
coche n. car. consejo n. counsil.
cochina adj. a female person who is disgusting. consequia adj. thirsty.
cochinadas adj. disgusting, dirty, unpelasant. considera v. to consider
cochino adj. a male person who is disgusting. consinti v. to contain, consist; to tolerate.
cocina v. to cook rice. consola n. console.
cocoracha n. cockroach. construcción n. construction.
codo n. elbow. consueño adj. sleepy.
coji v. to catch. consulta v. to consult; to seek for an advice.
colebra n. snake. conta v. to count.
colector n. collector. contene v. to contain, consist.
color n. color. contento adj. contended.
colorao adj. red. contesta v. to answer, respond, reply.
comandante commandant. contestación n. answer, response, reply.
comete v. to commit, make, do, act. contigo pron. with you, to you
comida n. food. continua v. to continue, pursue.
comigo pron. me. continualmente adv. continually, continuously.
como prep. like. contra prep. against, contra, opposite, versus.
compara v. to compare. contrallo n. enemy, foe.
competi v. to compete. contratajan v. to go or stand against.
competicion n. competition. contribución n. contribution.
complea v. to comply. contribui v. to contribute.
completa v. to complete. controla v. to control.
completamente adv. completely. controlao adj. controlled.
completo adj. complete. convence v. to convince, persuade, influence.
compra (1) v. to buy. (2) bought things or goods. convencido adj. conviinced, persuaded, influenced.
computeran n. internet café. convención n. convention, gathering, conference.

19
convensido adj. convinced, persuaded, influenced. cubri v. to protect, hide, cover, fill.
conversa v. to speak, converse, talk. cuchara n. spoon.
conversada n. talk, talking, speaking, conversing. cuchina adj. a female person who is disgusting.
conversación n. conversation, talk. cuchinadas adj. disgusting, dirty, unpleasant.
converti v. to convert, transform, change. cuchino adj. a male person who is disgusting.
convertido adj. converted, transformed, changed. cuchara n. poon.
copia v. to copy, imitate, impersonate. cucho n. whisper.
corazón n. heart. cucho-cucho v. whispering.
corona n. crown. cuento (1) n. story. (2). V. to tell a story.
córre adj. fast. cuero (1) n. leather. (2) adj. uncircumsized.
corré v. to run. cuerpo n. body.
corridor n. runner. cueva n. cave.
corta v. to cut off, strike, ax, slice, chop, trim. cuga adj. hanged with rope, arm, hand or anything
cortador n. cutter. around the neck.
corte n. court. cuida v. to take care.
cortina n. curtain. cuidao (1) adj. taken cared. (2) exp. You take care.
corto adj. short, brief, scant. cuji v. to catch.
cosa (1) pron. what, which. (2) n. thing. culebra n. snake.
cosas n. things culpa n. fault, sin, blame, guilt.
cosina 1) v. to cook rice. (2) n. kitchen, cuisine. culpable adj. culpable.
costao n. side. cultiva v. to cultivate.
costumbre n. character, custom, attitude, temperament. cultivao adj. cultivated.
cre v. to believe. cumpleaño v. birthday.
crea v. to create, make, establish, invent. cupal n. smegma.
creación n. creation. cura v. to cure, treat, heal.
creador n. believer. curada n. cure, treatment, healing.
crédito n. credit. curso n. course, way, track, path.
crici v. to grow up. cusi adj. to cook.
cricida n. growth. cusina (1) v. to cook rice. (2) n. kitchen, cuisine.
crimen n. crime. daan adj. old; something is established, built up, or
criminal n. criminal. existing before.
cristiano n. Christian. dalaga adj. adolescent, teen, teenager.
cristo n. Christ. dalagita n. female teen or teenager.
critica n. critique, review. dalasucan adj. compressed.
critical adj. critical. dale v. to give, hand over.
crucifica v. to crucify. damas n. ladies.
crucificao adj. crucified. daw exp. an expression of uncertainty.
crucificcion n. crucifixion. dayun adv. immediately, right away.
cruz n. cross. de prep. of, from.
cuaderno n. notebook. debe (1) n. debt. (2) v. need, should, must.
cuando (1) adv. when. (2). conj. when. deberasan n. truth, fact.
cuanto how much; how many. decano n. dean.
cuarto n. room, hall. decendencia n. descendance.
cubardon adj. coward, fearful. decendiente n. descendant.

20
decidi v. to decide. desata v. to untie, unfasten, loose, detach, unbind.
decidido adj. decided. descansa v. to rest.
declara v. to declare, pronounce. descanso n. rest.
declaración n. declaration. desconoce v. to ignore, disown.
decoración n. decoration. desconocido adj. unknown, unfamiliar.
dedica v. to dedicate, offer. descuento n. discount.
dedicao adj. dedicated. desde prep. of, from.
dedo n. finger. desembarca v. to disembark.
de edad adj. aged, old. deseo n. desire, like.
defecto n. defect, blemish, damage, deficiency. desesperao adj. desperate, eager.
defectivo adj. defective, blemished, damaged, deficient. desierto n. desert.
defende v. to defend, back up, protect. desmaya v. to dismay, disappoint.
defensa n. defense. desobedece v. to disobey.
deja v. to leave, leave off, give up, forsake, quit, stop, desobediencia n. disobedience.
abandon, let, discontinue. desobediente adj. disobedient.
déjalo v. to leave, leave off, give up, forsake, quit, stop, desperta v. to wake up, arise, revive.
abandon, let, discontinue. desperto adj. awake.
dejao adj. left, left behind, forsaken, abandoned. despierto adj. awake, awoke, wakeful, not sleeping.
del prep. of, from. después (1) prep. after. (2) adv. later, afterward.
deleitosa adj. pleasurable, lovely, delightful. destorba v. to disturb.
delicioso adj. delivious, yummy. destrosa v. to destroy, crush, damage, wreck, demolish,
deluvio n. big calamity. smash, ruin, overtrhow.
demanda (1) n. demand. (2) v. to file a case against destrosao adj. destroyed, crushed, damaged, wrecked,
someone. demolished, ruined, overthrown.
demonio n. devil. destroso n. destroyer, wrecker.
demostra v. to demonstrate, to show or present. destrucción n. destruction, wreck.
demostracion n. demonstation. determina v. to determine, identify.
demostrativo adj. demonstrative. detrás (1) prep. behind, at the back. (2). back
denoche n. evening, night. deveras adj. true, factual.
dentro prep. in, inside. deverasan n. truth, fact.
depende v. to depend. devolve n. to return, take back, pay back, put back, hand
deportación n. deportation. back, replace, repay.
deposito n. deposit. devoto n. devotee.
deprecia v. to depreciate, devalue, devaluate. di prep. of.
depreciación n. depreciation. dia n. day.
depreciao adj. depretiated. diamon pron. our (exclusive).
derecha (1) n. right. (2) adj. right. diamun pron. our (exclusive).
derecho adj. straight, straightforward, direct, right. diaton pron. our (inclusive).
derepente adv. suddenly. diciplina (1) v. to discipline. (2) n. discipline.
derrama v. to spill out. dicipulo n. disciple, follower.
derreti v. to melt. dicta v. to dictate
derretido adj. melted. diente n. tooth, teeth.
desaparece v. to fade out, clear off, die out, vanish, diferencia (1) n. difference, variance, distinctness,
disappear, go. contrast, discrepancy.

21
diferente adj. different, various, varied. dolorido adj. in pain, ached, discomforted, anguished,
difícil adj. difficult, hard, tough, tricky, stiff. hurt, harmed.
dificultad n. difficulty, trouble, hitch. donde adv. where, at or in what place.
diila pron. their, theirs. drento prep. in, inside, within.
dimio pron. my, mine. duda (1) n. doubt, distrust, suspicion, uncertainty,
dinigrido n. black spot, usually on the skin or external mistrust. (2) v. to doubt; to suspect; to be uncertain.
part of the body. duele adj. painful, ached, discomforted, anguished, hurt,
Dios n. God, Lord, Master. harmed.
directa adj. direct, straight. duelo n. timing.
directiva n. directive, guideline. dulce adj. sweet.
director n. director, head, leader, principal, manager, dura (1) adj. slow. (2) v. to be slow; to delay.
supervisor. durante adv. during; at that time.
dirriti v. to melt. durmi v. to sleep.
dirritido adj. melted. durmido adj. sleeping, asleep.
disbruna v. to crash, to smash, to damage. duro adj. hard, firm, hardened, callous, heartless,
discubri v. to discover, to find out, to investigate. inhuman, stonyheart.
discusión n. discussion, argument, debate. duyan n. cradle.
disculpa v. to excuse, forgive. eco n. echo.
discurso n. discourse, speech, utterance, address. edad n. age.
discuti v. to discuss, debate, contest, argue, talk over, talk edificio n. building, establishment.
out. educa v. to educate.
discutijan v. to discuss, debate, contest, argue, talk over, educacion n. education.
talk out. educao adj. educated.
disperta v. to wake up, arise, revive. educativo adj. educational.
dispidi v. to die, pass away. efectivo adj. effective.
dispierto adj. awake. eficiente adj. efficient.
distancia n. distance. ejemplo n. example, sample.
distinguido adj. distinguished. ejercicio n. exercise, test.
distorbo n. disturbance. eksacto adj. exact, enough, accurate, precise, proper.
distorba v. to disturb. eksamen v. to examine.
distorbao adj. disturbed. eksepto prep. except.
distribui v. to distribute, allocate, dispense, give out, el det. the.
share. elabora v. to elaborate, to expound.
disuyo pron. his, her, hers. elaboracion n. elaboration.
dituyo pron. your, yours. ele pron. he, she, him, her.
diutay adj. small, short, undersized, little, cute. elección n. election.
dividido adj. divided, shared, split. eléctrico adj. electric.
division n. division, share, proportion. elegante adj. elegant, classy, majestic.
doble adj. doublé. elemento n. element, component.
dol prep. like, similar, typical. elepante n. elephant.
dolencia n. pain, ache, discomfort, distress, agony, embajada n. embassy.
anguish, harm, hurt. embajador n. ambassador.
dolor n. pain, ache, discomfort, distress, agony, anguish, embalsama v. to embalm.
harm, hurt. embarca v. to embark, ride; to go on board.

22
embusterias n. lies, foolishness. entremedio prep. in the middle or center.
embustero adj. lier, untrue. entretenido adj. entertaining.
emocion n. emotion. entrevista n. talk, interview, consersation.
emocional adj. emotional. entusiasmo adj. enthusiasm.
emperador n. emperor. entusiasta n. enthusiast.
empeza v. to begin, to give. envía v. to send.
empirico adj. empirical. envidia v. to envy.
enamora v. to court, to love. envolve v. to wrap, cover.
enante adv. earlier, a while ago. envuelto adj. wrapped, covered.
enantes adv. earlier, a while ago. equivalente n. equivalent.
enbuenamente adv. well. equipo n. equipment.
encabeza v. to head, to lead. error n. error.
encadena v. to chain. escalera n. ladder, stairs.
encadena adj. chained. escapa v. to escape.
encanta v. to enchant; to tempt. escapao adj. escaped.
encantao adj. enchanted, tempted. esclama v. to exclaim.
encarga v. to entrust. escoje v. to choose.
encargao adj. entrusted. escojido adj. chosen.
encima prep. atop, on top, on, above, over. esconde v. to hide, keep.
encontra v. to meet; to encounter; to find. escondido adj. hidden, kept.
encuentro n. encounter, meeting. escribi v. to write.
endenantes adv. earlier, a while ago. escribido adj. written.
enfatico adj. emphatic. escritura n. script, writing.
enfermedad n. sickness, disease, illness. escuela n. school.
enfermo adj. sick. escupi v. to spit.
enfrente prep. in front. escusa v. to excuse.
engranda v. to raise. ese pron. that.
engrandao adj. raised. esos pron. those.
engrande adj. big, great. espacio n. space.
enorme adj. enormous, big, huge. espacioso adj. spacious.
enseguida adv. immediately, right away. espada n. sword.
enseña v. to teach, coach, guide, show. espanta v. to terrify, horrify, scare, frighten, surprise.
ensucia v. to poop, to defacate. espantao adj. terrified, horrified, scared, frightened,
entacto v. enactment. surprised.
entende v. to understand. especial adj. special.
entendimiento n. understanding. especialista n. specialist.
entero adj. whole. especialmente adv. specially, especially.
enterra v. to burry. espejo n. mirror.
entierro n. interment, entombment, funeral.. espera v. to wait.
entonces adv. then, so. esperanza n. hope.
entra v. to enter; to get inside. espina n. spine
entrada n. entrance. espinal adj. spinal.
entrega v. to hand in; to hand over. espíritu n. spirit, soul.
entregao adj. handed in; handed over. espiritual adj. spiritual.

23
espiritualidad n. spirituality. expensivo adj. expensive, costly, pricey.
esplica v. to explain. experiencia v. to experience.
esposa n. wife. explica v. to explain.
esquema n. scheme. expresion n expression.
esquenita n. narrow way. extende v. to extend.
esquina n. corner. extranjero n. stranger.
esta v. to stay; to live. extraña v. to doubt; to feel unusual thing about someone
estaba I came from; I had/have been from. or something.
establecimiento n. estabishment. extravagante adj. extravagant.
estado n. status, state. fabrica n. fabric; factory.
estatal n. state. fabuloso adj. fabulous.
este pron. this. facha v. to kick.
estima v. to estimate. fachada n. kick.
estimao adj. estimated. facil adj. easy.
estomago n. stomach. facilidad n. facility.
estorba v. to disturb. facultad n. faculty.
estorbao adj. disturbed. falda n. skirt.
estos pron. these. falla v. to fail, breakdown; to function abnormally.
estrangero n. stranger. fallao adj. abnormal, brokendown, failed.
estrella n. star falta adj. lacking, short, deficit.
estrellas n. stars familia n. family.
estricto adj. strict. fantasia n. fantasy, imagination.
estudia v. to study, to learn. fantástico adj. fantastic, amazing.
estudiante n. student. farmacia n. phramacy, drugstore.
estupendo adj. marvellous, stupendous. fastidia v. to bother, to annoy, to tease.
eterna n. eternity. favor n. favor.
eternal adj. eternal. favorite adj. favorite.
eternamente adv. eternally fe n. faith, trust.
etiqueta n. etiquette, ethics. fecha n. date.
evacua v. to evacuate, to vacate. felicidad n. happiness, joy.
evacuación n. evacuation. felicita v. to congratulate.
evidencia n. evidence. feliz adj. happy, grateful, joyful.
evita v. avoid, refrain. fértil adj. fertile.
evos pron. you (very informal). fertilidad n. fertility.
exacto adj. exact, accurate, enough. ficha n. bottle cap.
examen (1) v. to examine, search, test, investigate. (2) n. fidelidad n. fidelity, loyalty.
test, search, investigation, examination. fiel adj. loyal, faithful, true.
examina v. to examine, search, test, investigate. fiesta n. feast, celebration.
examinación n. test, search, investigation, examination. fija v. to notice, to mind, to pay attention, to see.
excepción n. exception. filosofo n. philosopher.
excepto prep. except, apart from, aside from. fin adj. last, end.
exclama v. to exclaim. finaliza v. to finalize, to finish.
excusa v. to excuse. finalmente adv. finally.
existi v. to exist. fino adj. refined, fine, subtle, thin, sharp.

24
firma (1) n. signature. (2) v. to sign. gana (1) v. to win. (2) n. appetite.
firmi adv. always, each time, constantly, continually, ganador n. winner, victor.
continuously. ganancia n. gain.
fisico adj. physical. gane expression of surpise or confirmation. (As in “Ikaw
flaca adj. thin (feminine). pala…)
flauta n. flute. ganguia v. to tease, mock, ridicule, annoy.
flores n. flower, flowers. ganguiador n. mocker, teaser, annoyer.
forma (1) n. form. (2) v. to pose. garahe n. garaje.
forza v. to force. garaje n. garaje.
foto n. photo, picture. garganta n. throat.
fotografia n. photography. garrutia v. to strike using a stick, belt, etc.
fractura n. fracture. garrutiao adj. struck.
franca adj. frank, direct, straightforward. gasolina n. gasoline.
freno n. brake. gasolinahan n. gasoline station.
frente n. forehead. gasta v. to spend.
fresco adj. fresh. gastao adj. used; well-used.
fri v. to fry. gata n. milk or extract of a fruit, tree, leaf, etc.
friholes n. green beans, snake beans, long beans. gato n. cat.
frijoles n. green beans, snake beans, long beans. gayod adv. very; really.
frio adj. cold. gayot adv. very; really.
frito adj. fried. generación n. generation.
frontera n. border, boundary. generalmente adv. generally.
fruta n. fruit. genero n. gender.
frutas n. fruits. generoso adj. generous.
fuego n. fire. gente n. human, person, man, people.
fuente n. bridge. genuino adj. genuine.
fuera adv. aside from. gigante adj. giant, gigantic, huge.
fuerte adj. strong, fast, powerful, forceful, intense. ginebra n. gin.
fuerza n. power, might, mightiness, force. gitara n. guitar.
fuma v. to smoke a cigarette. globo n. globe.
fumador n. smoker. golpe n. punch, strike, blow, impact, shot.
fundacion n. foundation. goma n. rubber.
futuro n. future. gordo adj. fat.
gafas n. cotton. gordura n. fat, fats.
gago adj. foolish, crazy. govierno n. government.
gaha adv. perhaps, maybe, might, possibly. graba n. debris or broken pieces of concrete.
gaja adv. perhaps, maybe, might, possibly. gracias ex. thank you.
gale expression of surpise or confirmation. (As in “Ikaw grado n. grade.
pala…) gradua v. to graduate.
gallena n. hen. gramatica n. grammar.
gallera n. cockpit. gran adj. great, big.
gallina n. hen. grande adj. great, big.
gallo n. rooster. grandor n. size, largeness, greatness.
gambas n. shrimp, prawn. grano n. grain.

25
grasa n. grease. herido adj. wounded, injured, hurt.
gratifica v. to gratify. heroe n. hero.
grita v. to shout, scream, yell. hermana n. sister.
grito n. shout, scream, exclamation, yell, cry. hermano n. brother.
grueso adj. thick. hermosa adj. beautiful.
grupo n. group. hierro n. metal, iron.
guapo adj. handsome. hígado n. liver.
guardia (1) n. guard, security guard. (2) v. to guard, hija n. young lady.
secure. hijo n. young man.
guerra n. war, siege, battle. hila v. to pull, tug.
guerrero n. warrior, fighter. hinay adj. slow, weak.
guía (1) n. guide. (2) v. to guide. hinay-hinay adv. slowly.
guiador n. one who guides. hinca v. to kneel.
guiao adj. guided. hinde adv. no, not.
guinda v. to reach to a destination. hiri v. to hurt, to injure, to smite.
guitarra n. guitar. hirida n. wound, injury, hurt.
gulud n. ridge. hirido adj. wounded, injured, hurt.
gumita v. to vomit. hirvi v. to boil.
gumitorio n. noun. hipocrito n. hypocrite.
gusano n. worm. histerico adj. hysterical.
gusto n. like, wish, desire. historia n. history, story.
habla v. to say, tell, speak. hojas n. leaf, leaves.
hablada the way it is said. hola interj. hi, hello.
habon n. soap. hombre n. boy, male, man.
hace v. to do, make, accomplish, build, work, execute, hombro n. shoulder.
perform. hondo adj. deep.
hala v. to pull, tug. hondura n. depth.
haluga adj. loose. honesto adj. honest.
hambre n. hunger. honor n. honor.
hambuguero adj. boastful. honra dignity.
haragan adj. greedy, hungry, thirsty; wanting to do or honrado adj. honored.
have something very much. hoy interj. hey, hi (very informal)
harina n. flour. hospital n. hospital.
harta v. to surfeit; to feed too much; to do things too hotel n. hotel.
much. hueso n. bone.
hartao adj. surfeited; fed up too much. hui v. to go away, run away; one who went with someone
hasta adv. until. to settle down or get married.
hefe adj. chief. humano n. human.
helado n. ice cream. humilde adj. humble.
hende adv. no, not. humo n. smoke.
heredero n. heir, inheritor. husto adj. enough, suitable, exact, fit.
herencia n. heredity, heritage, inheritance, legacy. hutik v. to whisper
heri v. to hurt, to injure, to smite. huya n. shyness.
herida n. wound, injury, hurt. huyain adj. shy.

26
icha v. to put, to place. indefinido adj. indefinite.
ichura n. appearance, look, figure. independencia n. independence.
idea n. idea. independente adj. independent.
ideal adj. ideal. indica v. to indicate.
identidad n. identity. indicación n. indication.
identifica v. to identify. indicao adj. indicated.
ideologia n. ideology. indicativo adj. indicative.
idioma n. idiom. infierno n. hell.
idiomatico adj. idiomatic. influencia n. influence.
idiota adj. idiot. influencial adj. influential.
ídolo n. idol. información n. information.
iglesia n. church. informal adj. informal.
ignora v. to ignore. ingeniero n. engineer.
ignorancia n. ignorance. ingles adj. English.
ignorante adj. ignorant. ingrato adj. ingrate, ungrateful.
igual adj. same, the same, same as. ingrediente n. ingredient.
igualmente adv. alike, equally, likewise, evenly. inicia v. to initiate.
ika a marker for ordinal number (third – ika-tres) inicial n. initial.
ilegal adj. illegal. injeccion n. injection.
ilusion n. illusion. inocencia n. innocence.
ilusionao adj. illusory, illusive. inocente adj. innocent.
imagina v. to imagine. inodoro n. toilet.
imaginacion n. imagination. inolvidable adj. unforgettable.
imoralidad n. immorality. inseguro adj. insecure, unsafe.
imparta v. to impart. insisti v. to insist.
imperativo adj. imperative. inspección n. inspection.
importante adj. important. inspecta v. to inspect.
imposible adj. impossible. inspira v. to inspire.
imposibilidad n. impossibility. inspiracion n. inspiration.
impresión n. impression. instante adj. instant.
impresióna v. to impress. instinto n. instinct.
impresiónao adj. impressed. instruccion n. instruction.
impuesta v. to impose, to tax. insulta v. to insult.
impuesto n. imposition, tax. insulto (1) adj. insulting. (2) n. insult.
impunidad n. impunity. inteligente adj. intelligent.
inclinao adj. tilted, slant, leaned. intencion n. intention.
incluhido adj. included. intensidad n. intensity.
inclujido adj. included. interaccion n. interaction.
including interés n. interest.
inclui v. to include. interesante adj. interesting.
incluido adj. included. Interesao adj. interested.
increible adj. incredible. internal adj. internal.
incrementa v. to increase. interpreta v. to interpret.
indecisión n. indicision. interpretación n. interpretation.

27
interrogación n. interrogation. jusga v. to judge.
intestino n. intestine. jusgada n. judgement.
intierro n. interment, entombment, funeral. jusgao adj. judged.
intriga n. intrigue, issue. justicia n. justice.
introduci v. to introduce. justo (1) adj. fit, suited. (2) adv. adj. pron. enough.
inútil adj. useless, needless, pointless, unserviceable, jutay adj. small in size.
unprofitable, wasted, idle. kabar (1) adv. afterwards, then, and then; (2) exp. so
inventa v. to invent. what?
invento n. invention. kabit (1) v. to hang. (2) n. mistress, concubine, other
inventor n. inventor. woman.
inveta v. to invite. kabrito n. goat.
invidia v. to envy. kalor n. warmth, heat.
invierna adj. angry, enraged, furious. kalye n. road, way, street.
invierno adj. angry, enraged, furious. kalyente adj. hot, warm.
invisti v. to retaliate, to fight back, to repay, to revenge. kamali n. wrong, wrongdoing, error, misdeed, sin,
invita v. to invite. trespass, violation, offense.
invitación n. invitation. kame pron. we (exclusive).
invitao adj. invited. kamo pron. you (plural).
introduccion n. introduction. kanamon pron. us (exclusive).
involve v. to wrapped, to cover. kanaton pron. us (inclusive).
iri v. to hurt, to injure, to smite. kanila pron. them.
irida n. wound, injury, hurt. kaninyo pron. you (plural).
irido adj. wounded, injured, hurt. kanta v. to sing.
irritable adj. irritable. kanun n. cooked rice.
irritao adj. irritated. kape n. coffee.
isla n. island. kapre n. a mythical and giant creature that smokes on a
isquierda (1) adj. left. (2) n. left. tree.
istambay (1) v. to bystand. (2) n. bystander. keber (1) n. care, concern. (2) v. to imagine. (Keber ese. –
istoria n. story. Imagine that.)
izquierda (1) adj. left. (2) n. left. kepet n. armpit.
jabon n. soap. kidlat n. lightning.
jaragan adj. greedy, hungry, thirsty; wanting to do or kilo n. kilo.
have something very much. kilometro n. kilometer.
jardin n. garden. kita pron. we (inclusive).
jefe adj. chief. kubardon adj. coward, fearful.
joven adj. young. kunambre adj. hungry
juego n. game, play. laba v. to wash, to clean.
juez n. judge. lababo n. wash-basin.
juga v. to play. labada n. clothes to be washed.
juicio n. wisdom. labandera n. a female person who washes clothes;
junto adv. together. someone who is hired to wash clothes.
jurada n. female judge. labandero n. a male person who washes clothes;
jurado n. male judge. someone who is hired to wash clothes.
jus n. juice. labio n. lip, lips.

28
laboratorio n. laboratory. lente n. lens, eyeglass.
labuyo v. to cut class. leproso n. leprosy.
labuyuin adj. a person who always cuts class. letra n. letter or character (of alphabet).
ladra v. to bark. letrata v. to take a picture; to capture.
ladron n. thief, snatcher, robber, shoplifter. letratista n. photographer.
laga v. to boil soemthing (except water). letrato n. picture, photo.
lagak adj. stingy, selfish, closefisted. levanta v. to stand up, to rise, to raise up; to put up, to
lagrima n. tear, tears. establish, to build.
lama v. to call. ley n. law.
laman n. flesh. librá v. free, set free, unchain.
lámpara n. lamp. libráo adj. freed.
lampus v. to smash; to hit violently or very hard. líbre (1) n. free; free of charge. (2) v. to treat.
landuk v. to slip, to slide. libro n. book.
larga v. to release, to set free; to move; to depart. líder n. leader.
largo adj. long. liga (1) n. league. (2) v. to come, to arrive.
lastima n. mercy. ligal n. legal.
lastimoso adj. merciful. ligid v. to lie on the ground; to pull something or
lata n. tin can, tin, can. something on the ground; to roll on the ground.
latiga v. to whip; to hit a person or animal with a whip or liha n. rub something against a surface or sandpaper.
something like a whip. lihero adj. fast, quick, rapid.
lava v. to wash, to clean. lija n. rub something against a surface or sandpaper.
lavabo n. wash-basin. lijero adj. fast, quick, rapid.
lavada n. clothes to be washed. limita v. to limit.
lavandera n. a female person who washes clothes; limitao adj. limited.
someone who is hired to wash clothes. limosna n. alms; anything given to the poor.
lavandero n. a male person who washes clothes; limpia v. to clean.
someone who is hired to wash clothes. limpiesa n. cleanliness, cleaning; the quality of being
laway n. saliva. clean.
layung (1) adj. shriveled, withered, wrinkled. (2) v. to limpieza n. cleanliness, cleaning; the quality of being
shrivel, to wrinkle, to wither. clean.
le v. to read. limpio adj. clean, neat.
leable adj. readable. linda adj. cute (feminine).
lebanta v. to stand up, to rise, to raise up; to put up, to lindo adj. cute (masculine).
establish, to build. línea n. line.
lebantao adj. stood up. lingasa (1) n. worry, anxiety. (2) v. to worry.
leccion n. lesson, topic. lista n. list.
leche n. milk. listao adj. listed.
lechon adj. roasted. liston n. shoelace.
lechuga n. lettuce. literal adj. literal.
lectura n. lecture. literario adj. literary.
lehos adj. far. llama v. to call, to recognize, to acknowledge.
lejos adj. far. llamada n. call.
lengua n. tongue. llave n. key.
lenguaje n. language. llega v. to arrive, to come.

29
llegada n. arrival. maka-asco adj. disgusting.
llena v. to fill up (a container). maka-risas adj. funny.
lleno adj. full, filled up. makina n. machine.
lleva v. to bring. mal adj. bad.
llora v. to cry. malacara adj. ugly.
lobo n. wolf. maldad n. bad thing or act.
loca adj. crazy, foolish (feminine). maleducao adj. uneducated.
locao adj. located. malicia n. malice.
loco adj. crazy, foolish (masculine). maliciosa adj. malicious (feminine).
locuras n. craziness, foolishness. malicioso adj. malicious (masculine).
lodo n. mud. malihuk adj. constantly moving.
lola n. grandmother malisud adj. difficult, hard.
lolo . grandfather. malo adj. bad, evil.
los demas pron. others. maltrata v. to treat badly.
lote n. lot. maluya adj. weak.
lucha v. to fight. mama v. to suck milk.
luchahan v. fighting. mana n. inheritance.
lucut v. to crumple. manada adj. many, much.
luego adv. later. manda v. to order, to command, to require, to demand,
lugar (1) n. place. (2) v. to put or stop in a proper place. to ask for a favor.
luho n. luxury or anything beyond necessary. mandamiento n. order, command, requirement,
lujo n. luxury or anything beyond necessary. demand.
lumus v. to drown mandato n. order, command, requirement, demand.
luna n. moon. maneja v. to drive, to manage.
lus n. light, bulb. manera n. way, ways.
luz n. light, bulb. mangga n. mango.
mabuling adj. dirty. manggas n. sleeve, sleeves.
maca a marker which means having a quality of maní n. nut, peanut.
something or to be somethting. (Maca-llora – to feel like mano n. hand.
crying). manok n. chicken.
machacao adj. crushed, smashed. manta n. blanket, bedsheet.
macolor adj. colorful. mantene v. to provide for the need.
madre n. mantequilla n. margarine.
madrogada n. dawn. manyakul adj. maniac.
madura v. to ripen. manzanas n. apple.
maduro adj. ripe. mapa n. map.
maestra n. female teacher. mapait adj. bitter, bad taste.
maestro n. male teacher. mapilit adj. sticky.
mafuerza adj. strong, mighty, powerful. maquina n. machine.
maga plural marker (maga pono – the trees). mar n. sea, beach.
mahica n. magic. márca n. mark.
majica n. magic. marcá v. to mark.
mais n. corn. márcha v. to march.
maiz n. corn. marchá v. to march.

30
marejada n. waves, seawaves. mes n. month.
maridable n. married couple. mesa n. table.
marido n. husband. mescla v. to mix.
marijada n. waves, seawaves. mesclao adj. mixed.
marino n. seafarer, sailor. mete v. to touch, to act on something.
mariposa n. butterfly. mga plural marker
marisco n. small sea creatures with very hard shell. mi pron. my.
maru adj. deceptive, deceiving. mia v. to pee, to urinate.
mas adj. more. miedo n. fear, fright.
mása n. the great body of people. miembro n. member.
masá v. to mix (e.g. cement or flour); to massage. mientras conj. while.
mascota n. mascot. mientras tanto adv. meanwhile.
masilao adj. dazzling. mil n. thousand.
mason n. mason. milagro n. miracle.
masquen adj. any. milagroso adj. miraculous.
masquin adj. any. minuto n. minute.
masucio adj. dirty. mio pron. mine.
matá v. to kill. mira v. to see, to watch.
matadero n. killer (usually of animals such as bull, cow, mirahan v. to see each other, to meet.
pig). miron n. watcher.
matajan v. to kill one another. mirra v. to see, to watch.
matanza n. killing. misa n. mass, church service or ceremony.
materno adj. maternal. miserable adj. miserable.
matinik adj. keen, perceptive, wise. mismo (1) pron. self, itself. (2) adj. very, same.
matricula n. enrolment. miterio n. mystery.
matunuk adj. thorny or prickly. miting n. meeting.
maya n. a small brownish bird. mobe v. to move.
mayor adj. older. mobida n. move, act.
mea v. to pee, urinate. moderno adj. modern.
mecanico n. mechanic. modesto adj. modest.
medi v. to measure. modo n. manners.
media n. half. molestia v. to molest.
medicina n. medicine. momento n. momento.
medico n. doctor. moñeca n. doll.
medio n. center, middle point. monte n. mountain.
mejor adj. great. monton adj. many, much, enormous, big.
menciona v. to mention. morde v. to bite.
menguao adj. reduced, lessened, deducted. moreno adj. brown.
menor adj. younger. morisqueta n. cooked rice.
menos adj. lesser. motibo n. motive.
mensaje n. message. motivo n. motive.
mensajero n. messenger. motor n. motorcycle.
menta v. to blame. move v. to move.
mentao adj. blamed. movida n. move, act.

31
muchas adj. many, much. negra adj. black (feminine).
muchas gracias thank you. negro adj. black (masculine).
muchas veces adv. often, many times, frequent. nervioso adj. nervous.
muchacho n. lad boy. niuno none of (them, you).
mucho adj. many, much. no don’t
mucho veces adv. often, many times, frequent. noche n. night.
muda v. to put on clothes, to dress up. no hay pron. none.
mudao adj. dressed up. no hay niuno none of them or you.
mueble n. furniture. nombra v. to name.
muerte n. death. nombre n. name.
muerto adj. dead. notá v. to notice, to note.
mujer n. girl, woman, lady, wife. nóta n. note.
mundo n. world. noticia n. notice, news.
munta v. to ride, to embark. novia n. girlfriend.
muntao adj. embarked. novio n. boyfriend.
muñeca n. doll. nuay pron. none.
muri v. to die. nuevo adj. new.
museo n. museum. numero n. number.
música n. music. nunca adv. never.
musikero n. musician. obedece v. to obey, to follow.
muslo n. thigh. obediencia n. obidience.
muta n. gummy discharge or secretion in the corner of objectivo n. objective.
the eye. objeto n. object.
muy adv. very, too. obligación n. obligation.
na prep. in, on, at. obligao adj. obligated.
nace v. to give birth. obra n. work, masterpiece.
nacimiento n. birthday. observa v. to observe.
nación n. nation, country. obtene v. to obtain.
náda pron. something, anything. ocasión n. occassion.
nadá v. to swim. occasionally
nalgas n. buttock. occidental
nána n. mother. ocuri v. to occur, to happen.
naná n. pus. oeste n. west.
nangka n. jackfruit. oficial n.official.
nariz n. nose. oficina n. office.
nativo adj. native. ofrenda n. gift, offering.
natural adj. natural. ohala adv. hopefully.
necesidad n. necessity. ohas n. leaf, leaves.
necesita adj. necessary. oi (1) v. to hear. (2) intej. hey.
necesitao adj. needed. oído n. hearing.
negá v. to deny, to refuse. ojala adv. hopefully.
negocia v. to negotiate. ojas n. leaf, leaves.
negociante n. businessman, businesswoman. ojos n. eye, eyes.
negocio n. business. ole v. to smell.

32
olet adv. again. palangana n. basin.
olor n. smell. palay n. rice grain.
oloroso adj. fragant, sweet, smelling, odorous. palayao n. nickname.
olvida v. to forget. palito n. stick.
olvidao adj. forgotten. palmadia v. to whack, to slap with an open hand.
omenta v. to add. pálo n. wood.
omentao adj. added. paloma n. dove, pigeon.
ondo adj. deep. pan n. bread.
ondura n. depth. pána n. bow and arrow, arrow.
operá v. to operate. pantalán n. seaport.
opinion n. opinion. pantalón n. long pants.
oportunidad n. opportunity. papel n. paper.
oposición n. opposition. parque n. park.
ora n. time. paquemodo adv. how.
oración n. prayer. paquilaya adv. how.
orden n. order. pára prep. for.
ordena v. to order. pará v. to stand up, to stop.
ordenanza n. ordinance. paradahan n. parking lot; a point where jeepneys line up
ordinario adj. ordinary. for loading and unloading of passenger.
orejas n. ear, ears. paraguas n. umbrela.
origen n. origin. paralitico adj. paralyzed
original adj. original. parao adj. standing.
orgullo n. pride. parí v. to labor, to give birth.
orgulloso adj. proud. pariente n. relative, kinsman.
orilla n. side, edge, hem, shore. parte n. part.
oro n. gold. partí v. to divide, to cut, to slice.
ortografía n. orthography. partíhan v. to share with one another.
oscuridad n. darkness. pása v. to pass.
oscuro adj. dark. pasada n. passage, passing, way.
otra vez adv. again. pasahe n. fare.
otro n. other. pasahero n. passenger.
ovario n. ovary. pasaje n. fare.
paciencia n. patience. pasajero n. passenger.
paciente n. patient. pasao adj. passed, spoiled.
pader n. wall. pasaporte n. passport.
padre n. priest. pasatiempo n. hobby.
paga v. to pay. pascua n. Christmas.
pagao adj. paid. pasea v. to stroll; to go out for a walk.
pago n. payment. pasmao adj. palsied.
país n. country. patada n. kick.
pájaro n. bird. pati conj. and.
palabra n. word. paz n. peace.
palacio n. palace. peca v. to sin.
palangana n. basin. pecado n. sin.

33
pecador n. sinner. pescador n. fisherman.
pecho n. chest. pescao n. fish.
pedaso adj. piece. pescuezo n. neck.
pega v. to hit. pescuezo n. neck.
pegao adj. hit. peso n. peso.
peina v. to comb. pidi v. to ask, to beg, to seek.
peinao adj. combed. piedra n. stone.
pelea (1) n. quarrel, conflict, trouble, problem, fight. (2) v. pierna n. leg, legs.
to quarrel, to fight. pies n. foot, feet.
peleahan n. quarrel, conflict, trouble, problem, fight. pija v. to watch carefully.
peleajan n. quarrel, conflict, trouble, problem, fight. pijo n. careful watch.
peligro n. danger, risk, hazard. pillo adj. naughty.
peligroso adj. dangerous, risky, hazardous. pilit v. to stick, to get stuck, to adhere.
pelleho n. skin. pinaka superlative marker (pinaka-guapo)
pellejo n. skin. pinta v. to paint.
pelo n. hair. pintao adj. painted.
pelyahan (1) n. quarrel, conflict, trouble, problem, fight. pipina v. to pick up.
(2) v. to quarrel, to fight. pirmi adv. always.
pelyeho n. skin. pisa v. to step on.
pena n. penalty; pain, trouble. pisu n. chick.
penoso adj. grievous, painful, hard pitik v. to snap one’s finger, to flip, to topple.
pensa v. to think, to ponder. plaito n. fight, conflicto, trouble.
pensaba v. thought. plancha n. iron.
pensamiento n. mind, thought. planea v. to plan.
pepita n. seed. plano n. plan.
peque adj. fake. plánta n. factory.
perde v. to lose. plantación n. plantation.
perdido adj. gone, lost, abandoned. plantao adj. planted.
perdón n. forgiveness. platito n. small plate.
perdona v. to forgive. plato n. plate.
perdonao adj. forgiven. plojo adj. lazy.
perfecto adj. perfect. plojon adj. lazy.
performa v. to perform. pluma n. ballpen.
perlas n. pearl, pearls. pobre adj. poor.
permanente adj. permanent. poco adj. little, few.
permiso n. permit, permission. poco-poco adv. little by Little.
permiti v. to permit. pogon n. an enclosed chamber in which heat is produced
pero conj. but. usually for cooking.
perro n. dog. polvo n. powder.
persecución n. persecution. polvos n. powder.
persona n. person. pone v. to put, to place.
personal adj. personal. pono n. tree.
pesao adj. heavy. por prep. for.
pesca v. to fish. porción n. portion.

34
poreso conj. so. profundo adj. profound.
por favor adv. please. programa n. program.
por que adv. why. progreso n. progress.
posee v. to possess. progresivo adj. progressive.
posible adj. possible. prohibi v. to prohibit, to forbid.
posición n. position. prohibido adj. prohibitted, forbidden.
positivo adj. positive. promesa n. promise.
poso n. well, deep well. promete v. to promise.
postre n. dessert. pronto adj. fast, quick, rapid.
postura n. posture. propriedad n. property.
precio n. price. proteje v. to protect.
preciosa adj. precious. protesta n. protest.
precioso adj. precious. provecho n. benefit, gain.
precura v. to try one’s best to finish, achieve or obtain provincia n. province.
something. pruba v. to try, to taste.
predica v. to predict. prueba n. proof.
preferí v. to prefer. publico n. adj. public.
pregunta (1) n. question. (2) v. to ask a question. pueblo n. town.
prepara v. to prepare. puede v. can.
preparación n. preparation. puente n. bridge.
preparao adj. prepared, ready. puera adv. aside, aside from.
presencia n. presence. puerco n. pig.
presenta v. to present. puerta n. door.
presion n. pressure. pues adv. so.
preso n. prisoner, jail. puesto n. position, stall, booth, post, place.
presta v. to borrow. pugaran n. nest.
prestao adj. borrowed. pulis n. policeman, police.
pretende v. to pretend. pulmón n. lungs.
primer adj. first. pulso n. pulse.
primera adj. first. puma v. to smoke.
primero adj. first. púnta n. end, tip, peak, point.
primo n. cousin. puro adj. pure.
principia v. to start. pursigui v. to pursue.
principiando v. starting. que adv. what.
principio n. principle. quebra v. to break, to crash, to smash.
prision n. pressure. quebrantao adj. broken, crashed, smashed.
prito adj. fried. quebrao adj. broken, crashed, smashed.
privilegio n. privilege. queda v. to live, to stay.
proba v. to taste, to try. quema (1) n. fire, burn. (2) v. to burn.
problema n. problema. quemodo adv. how.
proclama v. to proclaim. quere v. to want, to like.
produci v. to produce. querida n. love, dear, sweetheart.
producto n. product. querido n. love, dear, sweetheart.
profeta n. prophet. queso n. cheese.

35
que tal how are you? reservación n. reservation.
quien adv. who. reso n. prayer.
quiere v. to want, to like. respeta v. to respect.
quieto adj. quiet, calm, restful. respetao adj. respected.
quita v. to remove, to eradicate. respeto n. respect.
rabia v. to get angry. responsabilidad n. responsibility.
rabiao adj. angry. responsable adj. responsible.
radio n. radio. resulta n. result.
rama n. branch. resureccion n. resurrection.
rápido adj. rapid, fast, quick. reuni v. to reunite.
rasca adj. itchy. reza v. to pray.
rason n. reason. rezo n. prayer.
rastro n. mark. rico adj. rich.
raton n. rat, mouse. rindi v. to offer.
realiza v. to realize. rio n. river.
rebelled n. rebel. riqueza n. richness.
rebenta v. to explode. risas n. llaughter.
recibi v. to receive. rizas n. laughter.
recio n. hard, strong, severe, loud, heavy. robo n. robbery, stealing, theft.
reclama v. to complain. rodillas n. knee, knees.
reclamo n. complain. roga v. to wish, to curse.
recoje v. to keep, to pick up, to gather. rompe v. to tear.
recoji v. to keep, to pick up, to gather. ropa n. cloth, shirt.
recompensa v. to compensate. roto n. hole.
reconoce v. to recall. rueda n. tire, wheel.
reconocido adj. recalled. ruta n. route.
recuerdo n. remembrance, memory. sabe v. to know.
referi n. referee. saber n. knowledge, learning.
rega v. to water. sabiondo adj. charlatan.
regalo n. gift. sabor n. taste.
regla n. menstruation. sabroso adj. delicious, tasty.
reina n. queen. sabut (1) n. agreement. (2) v. to make an agreement.
reino n. King. saca v. to get, to take.
reis n. roots. sacate n. grass.
relación n. relation, relationship. saco n. sack.
relo n. watch, clock. sacrificio n. sacrifice.
reloj n. watch, clock. sacudi v. to beat, to hit, to punish.
relojero n. watch repairman. saging n. banana.
repiti v. to repeat. sagrao adj. sacred.
reporta v. to report. saguan n. paddle for small boat.
representa v. to represent. sal n. salt.
resa v. to pray. sala v. to sift.
rescata v. to redeem. salaan n. sifter.
reserva v. to reserve. sale v. to exit, to get out, to move out.

36
salida n. exit. siembra v. to plant.
salta v. to jump. siembrador n. planter, farmer.
saltada n. jump. siempre of course.
salud n. health. sigi v. to go along with (someone).
saluda v. to greet. significa v. to signify.
saludo n. greet. significación n. significance.
salva v. to save. sigui v. to go along with (someone).
salvación n. salvation. siguidor n. a person who go along with someone.
salvador n. savior. siguiente adj. next.
salvao adj. saved. siguro (1) n. sureness, certainty. (2) adv. maybe, perhaps.
sandalias n. sandle, sandles. sila pron. they.
sangga v. to shield, to obstruct for protection, to cover. silao (1) ray. (2) adj. dazzling, very bright.
sangre n. blood. silla n. chair.
santo n. saint. similla n. seed.
saviondo adj. charlatan. sin prep. without.
saway v. to stop, to prohibit, so restrain, to rebuke. sinceridad n. sincerity.
seco adj. dry. sindi v. to light up.
secreto n. secret. sinta v. to sit down.
segundo n. second, seconds. sinti v. to feel.
seguro (1) n. sureness, certainty. (2) adv. maybe, sipilla v. to brush.
perhaps. sirvi v. to serve.
selencio adj. silent. sobaco n. armpit.
semana n. week. sobra (1) n. excess. (2) adj. excessive.
semeha v. to look alike, to look the same. sobre n. envelope.
semehante adj. alike, the same. sobre salta v. to surprise, to shock, to amaze, to astonish.
semeja v. to look alike, to look the same. sobre saltao adj. surprised, shocked, amazed, astonished.
semejante adj. alike, the same. sobrina n. niece.
semilla n. seed. sobrino n. nephew.
sentencia n. sentence. sucede v. to happen.
separa v. to separate. soceso n. happening, incidence.
separación n. separation. sodor n. sweat.
separao adj. separated. sofá n. sofa.
separta v. to separate. sol n. sun.
separtahan v. to separate from each other. solamente adv. only, solely.
separtao adj. separated. soldao n. soldier.
sequia n. thirst. solo adj. alone.
sera v. to close. soltero adj. young.
serao adj. closed. sombra n. shadow.
serra v. to close. sonrisa n. smile.
serrado adj. closed. soquia v. to punch, to hit using a fist.
serrao adj. closed. sostene v. to sustain.
servi v. to serve. suba v. to massage.
servicio n. service. subay n. ant.
servidor n. server. subestima v. to underestimate.

37
subi v. to go up, to climb. templo n. temple.
sublang n. bad wish. temprano adv. early.
sucede v. to happen. tenta v. to tease.
suceso n. happening, incidence. tentación n. temptation, tease.
sucio n. dirt, waste. tercer adj. third.
suda v. to sweat. tercera adj. third.
suegra n. mother-in-law. tercero adj. third.
suegro n. father-in-law. termino n. term, end.
sueldo n. wage, salary. terrible adj. terrible, dreadful, frightful, horrible.
suena adj. loud. tesoro n. treasure.
sufri v. to suffer. testigo n. witness.
sufrimiento n. suffering, torment. tia n. auntie.
suksuk v. to cram in, to force into. tiangge n. market.
sumi v. to drown. tiempo n. wheather, time.
sungkit n. tienda n. store.
supla v. to blow, to hit, to shoot. tiene v. to have.
suplica v. to supply. tierra n. land, lot, soil.
suput adj uncircumcised. tijeras n. scissors.
sustantivo n. noun. tiit-tiit adv. slowly.
suut v. to cram in, to force into. tinapa n. sardines.
tabo n. dipper. tio n. uncle.
tai n. feces. tira v. to shoot, to fire.
tajia v. to hit using a long heavy single-edge knife (bolo). tiro n. shot.
talla adv. there (far). tisud v. to stumble.
talli adv. there (near). toalla n. towel.
tamen adv. also. toca v. to play (music or instrument).
tampa adj. pretentious. tocador n. player, instrumentalist.
tanto adv. really, much. (no hay tanto – not much). todo pron. all, everybody, everyone.
tapa v. to cover, to protect. toma v. to drink.
tapao adj. covered, protected. tomada n. drink.
taqui It’s here. tomao adj. drunk.
tarda (1) v. to be slow, to delay. (2) adj. slow, delayed. tonterias n. foolishness, stupidity.
tarde n. afternoon. tonto adj. idiot, foolish, stupid, moron.
tarjeta n. card. tormento adj. hard, difficult.
tarta n. cake. torre n. tower.
tasa n. small cup. tortuga n. turtle.
tata n. father. tos n. cough.
taza n. small cup. tose v. to cough.
tecasin adj. deceptive, deceiving. trabaja v. to work.
techo n. roof. trabajador n. worker, employee.
tela n. cloth, fabric. trabajo n. work, job, profession.
tembla v. to shake, to quake, to tremble. traga v. to eat (vulgar).
temblor n. earthquake. tragon adj. gluttonous.
templao adj. mixed. traidor n. traitor.

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traje n. attire, outfit, costume, suit, dress. utuk n. brain.
trambulicao adj. messy, scattered. uvas n. grapes.
trampa n. trap. uwak n. crow.
trancao adj. closed. uyuk v. to quake, to shake.
trapo n. rag, wiper. uyun (1) v. to be used to; to be accustomed, to be
trata v. to treat. habituated. (2) adj. used to; accustomed; habituated.
tratamiento n. treatment. vaca n. cow.
traveza v. to cross. vacante adj. vacant.
trinca v. to tie up, to bind, to fasten. vacio adj. empty.
trincao adj. tied up, bound, fastened. vale adj. good, pleasant, nice, beautiful.
tripa n. intestine. valiente adj. brave, courageous.
triste adj. sad, lonely. valor n. value, price.
tristesa n. sadness, loneliness. variación n. variation.
tristeza n. sadness, loneliness. vaso n. waterglass.
trompeta n. trumpet. vaya v. to be with.
trono n. throne. veces n. times. (Dos veces – two times).
trueno n. thunder. vecinos n. neighbor.
tuba n. coconut wine. vehiculo n. vehicle.
tuca v. to play (music or instrument). vena n. vein.
tuhod n. knee, knees. vende v. to sell.
tumba v. to tumble, to fell, to topple. vene v. to ask someone to come near or draw near.
tumbada n. tumble, fall. veneno n. poison.
tumpuk n. bunch, group. venenoso adj. poisonous.
tunuk n. thorn. venga v. to avenge, to fight back.
tupa v. to touch, to hit; to make something or someone venganza n. revenge.
touch or hit another thing or person; to win. venida n. arrival, coming, advent.
tustus n. the remaining overcooked rice at the side or ventaja adj. advantagous, beneficial, profitable,
buttom part of the pot, pan or ricecooker. interesting.
tuyo v. to be sleepy. ventilador n. electric fan.
tuyu v. to be sleepy. verano n. summer.
ulam n. viand. verdad n. truth.
ulan n. rain. verdadero n. truthfulness.
uliji adj. last. verde adj. green.
ultimo adj. last, final, end. verdugo n. tyrant, executioner.
ultraja v. to outrage, to offend. vergüenza n. shame.
umalin adj. bad, unpleasant, displeasing, unlovely. vestida n. robe, attire, gown, dress, garment, apparel.
un (1) art. a, an. (2) adj. one. vestido n. robe, attire, dress, garment, apparel.
una adj. first. vez n. time. (Una vez – One time).
único adv. only. viaja v. to travel.
unido adj. united. viaje n. travel, trip.
universidad n. university. victorioso adj. victorious.
uno adj. one. vida n. life.
usa v. to use, to wear. viejo adj. old.
usik v. to waste. viento n. air.

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vinagre n. vinegar.
vino n. wine.
vinta n. small boat.
violeta adj. violet.
vira v. to return, to come back.
virgen adj. virgin.
visia v.to take care, to watch carefully.
visíta n. visitor.
visitá v. to visit.
vísperas n. eve.
vista n. sight.
visti v. to wear.
viuda n. widow.
viudo n. widower.
viva interj. hurray.
vivi v. to live.
vivo adj. alive.
vocabulario n. vocabulary.
voces n. voices.
volve v. to go home.
vos pron. singular you.
vosotros pron. plural you.
voto n. vote.
voz n. voice.
vulador n. kite.
y conj. and.
ya (1) adv. already. (2) marker for past action.
yagit n. a person who is untidy or unpleasant.
yan marker for past action.
yo pron. I.
zacate n. grass.
zapatos n. shoe, shoes.
zona n. zone.

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